Rererangi kawe "Liaoning". Ko te tino nui o te kaipuke o Haina

hokona China i Ukraine i 1998, i te oti kawe rererangi Soviet mua o te Navy "Varyag" me i 2002, te mutunga ka reira. I muri i te a rō nui i te hanga kaipuke i Dalian i te raki China i whakahau ano te kaipuke i roto i Mahuru 2012 me whakaingoatia te "Liaoning" i roto i te kororia o te kawanatanga-raki rawhiti. Ko te mahi matua o te kaipuke - mahi rite te whenua whakangungu mo ki te kaipuke Hainamana riro wheako i roto i te mahi o te kawe rererangi hou, me te ki te whakawhanake me te whakapai ake hangarau kia e ka whakamahia ina hoahoa me te hanga kaipuke o tenei piha.

hua te pirau

I mua, i mohiotia te kawe rererangi "Liaoning" rite te cruiser rererangi-e mau taimaha "Riga". Ko reira te rua o nga kaipuke o Project 1143.5 (piha haapiiraa "Admiral Kuznetsov") te Soviet Navy. whakatakotoria 67,500-ton kaipuke i runga i te hanga kaipuke Moana Black i roto i Nikolaev, Ukraine, 12.06.85 ka whakarewahia ki runga ki 04.12.88. whakaingoatia te reira i te "Varyag" i roto i te Hōngongoi 1990. I muri i te tiango o te Soviet Union i 1991, i whakawhitia mana o reira ki Ukraine. Nā ki te kore o pūtea totitoti ana te hanga i roto i te 1992. Na roto i taua wa, 70% o te kawe rererangi i hanga. Te hanganga, Kua oti te kaipuke, engari i reira ko kahore rākau o te riri, te hikohiko me te tahuhu.

China mo te wa tuatahi i whakahuatia moni i roto i te "Varyag" hoko i roto i te 1992. māngai Official o Haina tae mai te kaipuke, tu ana i runga i te tauranga poti Nikolaev wāhi hanga, engari kua huakore nga whiriwhiringa no o te tautohe i runga i te utu. Ka rite ki te hua, te oti "Varyag" noho i roto i te ū tautahi mō te 6 tau. I te mutunga o 1990, i hokona te kaipuke, ka hokona e te kamupene Hainamana i roto i te Macau mo $ 20 miriona mō te faafariuraa ki te Casino tētē me te vahi hautiraa. Ko te kirimana ki Ukraine rāhuitia te kaihoko ki te whakamahi i te kaipuke mō ngā take hōia. I mua i te hoko taputapu rererangi hōia katoa i te wāwāhitanga.

Mai i te Casino tere ki te tino nui o te Navy o Haina

I roto i te 1999, 11 nga tau i muri i te whakarewa, "Varyag" hopea mahue te ū, peia e rave rahi kaha tugs ki te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti. Heoi, i kihai te kaipuke ki te tika i roto i te Bosphorus Turkish kāwanatanga i runga i te whenua e he de-anaanatae i te kaipuke, me te he nui rawa te mōrearea ki ētahi atu oko me ngā i roto i te Raukawa. "Varyag" i tū tata te Strait i roto i nga tau e toru. I muri ka whakaurua te kāwanatanga Chinese, me te i roto i te tau 2001 whakawhitia Turkey $ 1 miriona rite te taurangi, i te mutunga whakaaetia te kaipuke ki te haere tonu ratou haere.

Whiringa 4, "Varyag" ko he tupuhi 10-ira, me te whawhati punga tata te motu o Skyros Kariki. I muri maha whakamātau kāore ki te toe mana o te kaipuke, he waka o te Kariki Tai Guard fetukutuku te mau melo o te kaumoana 7. I muri i te hinga, ka ngana ana ki te tāpiri i te hēramana muka taura tug mate Haliva Champion. I kawea mai ano te oko i raro i te mana i runga i te ra kotahi.

I muri i te haerenga femo'uekina "Varyag" i roto i te Maehe 2002, i te pae hopea tae ki te hanga kaipuke Dalian i te raki China, a ko reira i raro i taimaha kaitiaki. E te wa ka reira kitea ai ko te kaipuke i roto i te vahi hautiraa, ka kia puta ke ake. Engari, i whakawhitia ai ki te Navy o Haina mō te rangahau me te faaho'iraa mai. Ki te kaipuke, kua riro China nga tuhi me ngā tuhinga kaupapa. I roto i te 2005, kua te kawe rererangi kua oho ki te ū maroke o Dalian wāhi hanga, a ka pania kaipuke manuao hina i China.

oti te mahi Fakafoki i roto i te mutunga o 2006. Na i roto i te Paenga-whāwhā 2009, i whakawhitia te kaipuke ki tetahi atu maroke-ū mo te tāutanga o engines, me ētahi atu taputapu taimaha. anga tāutanga i roto i te mutunga o 2010. E Maehe 2011 i tata oti te superstructure i runga i te rahoraho o runga, oti peita me nekehia atu pa'epa'e.

"Oko Rangahau"

I roto i te Pipiri 2011, kua whakapumautia te matenga o te kaimahi o te nga tangata Liberation Army, General Chen Bingde e te hanga China he kawe rererangi. Ko te āhukahuka mōhiohio tuatahi o te oraraa o te kaupapa taua. Hōngongoi 27, ua faaite o China Tāhuhu o National Defence e e anō-ō reira te oko mo "pūtaiao rangahau, ngā me ngā take whakangungu." Ko te mau tamataraa matamua moana wha-ra ka mau te kaipuke wahi i roto i August, a ka timata te raupapa tuarua o whakamātautau i roto i te Hakihea, i mua i hoki mai ai ki te wheketere mō whakaotinga.

Mahuru 25, 2012 i mana hoatu te kaipuke ki te mahi i raro i te ingoa hou o te kawe rererangi "Liaoning» (CV-16). I roto i Noema, te Tāhuhu o Defence whakapumautia e te toa Chinese J-15 pai oti pai ai ki te wakarererangi, me te herea taputapu. fokotu'u Press China e ka tonu i te whakangungu waka mō te 4-5 tau tae noa kore e tae te kaipuke tona pūmanawa mōrahi.

rererangi e hāngai ana rahoraho-

Ko te tino nui o te kaipuke o Chinese rererangi kawe "Liaoning" kua he runway poto, aerofinishem rawa. ngä Tangohia-atu e te aroaro o te nasal rōnaki koki 14 °. rite rawa te rahoraho e ki te taura wahia. E rua whakaara i runga i te rererangi nekehanga taha katea i te hangar ki te rahoraho rere.

USS "Liaoning" ahei o e mau ana 24 "mango e rere" - whawhai whakapaipai multipurpose Shenyang J-15, tae atu rua ratou kē - whakangungu toa J-15s. I tua atu, kawea e te reira e rave rahi ngā momo o waka topatopa shipborne, tae atu ki ngā waka topatopa production Chinese Changhe Z-18, Z-18J AEW me Z-18F ASW, Harbin Z-9 me te Ca-31. maha Tapeke o aircrafts kawea - 36 wae.

rākau

pūnaha antiship pere "Variag" i rite rawa tuatahi "Granite» (SS-N-9 kaipuke pakaru). Kua te Pūwhakarewa kua wāwāhitanga ki te hoko o te kaipuke ki a Haina, me te turanga pere - i roto i te faafariuraa, ki te whakapiki ake i te rahi o te hangar rererangi.

rawa USS pūnaha "Liaoning" te ki poto-whānui rangi korero, tito nei o wha pūnaha pere korero HQ-10 (FL-3000N), ia ki te Pūwhakarewa 18-pere, rite ki te pūnaha awhi-116 whakamahia e te US Navy. Whakarerekētanga o missiles poto-whānui "rangi-ki-rangi» Ty-90, HQ-10 rite rawa ki te hihiani hāngū rua, he upoko whāhoki pōkākā, me te kua he whānuitanga mōrahi o 9000 mita. Kei te pai ake putanga motuhake matenga pōkākā kaha, me te kua he whānuitanga mōrahi o 10000 m.

I tua atu, USS "Liaoning" rawa te ki e rua ngā pūnaha o patu poto-whānui o momo 1030, e tohu te whakatinanatanga 730 CIWS pūnaha momo 10-oko. Ki te 10-oko 30 mm pū 2 e whangai ana ki te pouaka 500 hāmanu. Kei te nuinga o te wā kotahi toa i ako wetekina kariri patu-ngoto. E maka atu cartridges kau i te raro o te pūnaha. whakahaere ana te pū e i te waho, me te auau mōrahi o 3.5-6 mano. Shots / min. iti Ko tōna whānuitanga shooting te ki 3000 m, engari e te nuinga o nga whāinga pāngia i te tawhiti o 1000-1500 m.

pūnaha kōrero me te kite ūnga

rite rawa kawe rererangi o Haina "Liaoning" te ki taua whakaaro whakatere:

• (Piri te tihi o te rewa te) hihiani ūnga momo rapunga 382 Eagle S / C;
• hihiani moana;
• hihiani mana ahi HQ-10 SAM;
• Hihiani ūnga momo rapunga 346 ki te huinga o whā huānga pūihi kaha ki rorohiko karapahia i runga i te piriti;
• hihiani rererangi;
• whakaterenga hihiani;
• kōrero pūihi;
• rihi amiorangi.

mana te tipu

rite rawa rererangi kawe "Liaoning" te ki te powerplant paerewa rite ki te tāutanga o te kaipuke "Admiral Kuznetsov" Russian Navy. Kei reira o 8 nga kohua i me wha kapohau korohū o 50,000 rita. he. ia. rite rawa te kaipuke i te rango e wha ki te propellers ware whakaritea.

Rererangi kawe "Liaoning": Tartus

I roto i te Mahuru 2015 i korerotia ai e haere tino nui o te kaipuke Hainamana te Suez , a ahu mo te rohe o Hiria. kī paetukutuku maramarama hōia Iseraela e te kawe rererangi "Liaoning" tae i Tartous, Hiria, tahi e te cruiser pere arahina. Ko te taenga mai o te rererangi hōia me topatopa, tūmanakohia e waenganui-Whiringa tika i China mā Iran ranei ki te awhina o rererangi waka Russian hāngai i te kaipuke me te turanga Russian e tata ana Latakia.

whakakahore tenei tohunga hōia hainamana. fakapapau'i ano ia e kore China e tautoko i tetahi rōpū ranei takitahi i roto i Hiria, piri ki te huarahi ataahua, me te whāinga ki tenei take. I tua atu, ka mea he puna hōia Hiriani e kore e kore manuao Hainamana i haere i roto i nga wai rohe Hiriani.

raruraru South Moana China

Kei hea ko te kawe rererangi "Liaoning"? he tata ki nga wai rohe o Haina te kaipuke, me te kaimahi rite te whakaatu o te kaha i roto i te rohe, i roto i nei i te tipu haere i te mānukanuka mō tekau tau, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki mo te whakangungu o te waka, me te rererangi manuao. I muri ka te kaipuke tuarua o tenei piha haapiiraa e hanga hohoro, engari anake ona ake production. He ake mō te whakarewa waka rererangi ki te kia whakamahia ano, e, ahakoa taea reira te rererangi ki te kawe atu utanga, whakaritea ki te kaha o catapults hiko, whakamahia i roto i tata katoa te kawe rererangi o te US Navy kore e taea e.

Ki te rua kaipuke o tenei piha haapiiraa, ka riro China he mema o te karapu whiriwhiri - ko te maha o oko kaha he anake hoki Itari me India. I tua ko te US Navy o manuao nui kotahi tekau i roto i te ao.