Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Nikolaevich: biography, whakaahua

Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Nikolaevich, tona haurongo e whakaahuatia i roto i tenei tuhinga - te Statesman rongonui, mema o te Pāti o te RSDLP (b). Ko ia te matenga o te rängai ngā o te Komiti Central - Uepu Iosifa Vissarionovicha Stalina. Kapa - Meiha Tianara.

whānau

whanau Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Nikolaevich i te whitu o nga Akuhata 1965 i te whakaaro Village, kei roto i te mataeinaa Sloboda Vyatka kawanatanga. Tona papa, Nicholas, ko te ahu whenua smallholder ka mahi rite te tiaa. Mother, Efimovna pono, he tino aroha o, i kawea ake i roto i te pakeke tamariki, engari he reira pono. a Alexander rave rahi mau taea'ee mau tuahine, e riro i muri mai i te kaiurungi hōia.

tamarikitanga

Aleksandr Ros ake rite tamariki katoa: rere i runga i te haerenga hī, aroha ahau ki te hopu awa kōura. Ua tauturu e ia tona whaea ki ngāue faka'apí. He ko he tino pai-pānui i rite aroha rawa o ngā pukapuka. haere ana ia ki te kura. I ia te hoa ki nei nga hoa noa tona mate, Sasa Bakulin ratou. noho ia i roto i te kainga tata. Ahakoa tamariki kura i noho i te tēpu kotahi. Rua ka haere Sasha ki waiata i roto i te pŭpŭ himene hahi. maha i huaina ko eé Bakulenya me Poskrebenya.

hanganga

I muri i te kura, puta Alexander i te Vyatka kura kaiāwhina hauora. Ko te whakawhāititanga, kihai ia i mutu a tonu ana akoranga i roto i te tau 1927 ka tomo ia te Moscow State University i runga i te tari ōhanga, me te ture.

mahi

timata Career Alexander Nikolayevich ki te mahi rite te tākuta. I muri i te kāreti i haere ia i roto i te ahunga o nga Urals, te pa Baranci. He piri te rōpū, a i pōtitia hēkeretari o te RSDLP (b). Mai i 1918 ki te 1919 mahi ia i roto i te tari tōrangapū o te Army Turkestan. Mai i 1919 ki te 1921, tonu e ia tona mahi i roto i Zlatoust tiamana o te Komiti Revolutionary Military, na te Komiti Executive o te Kaunihera o mua Workers '. Mai i 1921 ki te 1922 - i te mahi rōpū i roto i Ufa.

I roto i rua tekau-rua te tau i tonoa Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Nikolaevich ki Moscow. He timata ki te kaiwhakatikatika i roto i te Komiti Central Party. Tuatahi, i 1923 ki te 1924, i mahi ia i roto i te Komiti Central o te RCP (b) tuarua rangatira o ngā kaimahi. Na, i 1924 ki te 1929 - Assistant Hekeretari Tianara. I whakawhitia e ia ki te pou o te kawana. upoko o te tari ngaro. I roto i te 1930, ka e ia tona matenga. A mai 1934, arahina ia e te tari motuhake o te Komiti Central. I te tau 1935 ka e ia te matenga o te Tari o te Uepu o te Komiti Central o Stalin.

I roto i te 1947, ka mau ia ki tetahi wahi i roto i te presidium o te aparauraa, a i roto i te ngahuru 1952 ka he mema o te Komiti Tuuturu. I roto i te hotoke o te taua tau - te Hekeretari o te Presidium me te Bureau o te Komiti Central o te Pāti Communist o te Soviet Union.

Mahi ki Stalin

Ahakoa te ahua unprepossessing, ko nui te kaha o Alexander II. Na takaro te tūranga nui i roto i tenei whakaaro mo ia Stalin. ka whakahoki a A. N. Poskrebyshev ia lī'oa pūmau. Na ka mea nga whakahau katoa o Stalin, ara he kupu ranei puaki ki te Hekeretari Tianara mita.

mohio Alexander ana tōonga katoa, peu me mate. matau ratou ia atu pinepine noa kahore kupu. whakamana Poskrebyshev ana mau ohipa i roto i te whakapono pai, e kore fussy. I ia he kaha mīharo mō te mahi me te mahara mahana. ka karangatia e ratou ki a ia he mātāpunenga haere. i tamau aau e ahau nga waea katoa a kore kia ratou tuhia.

I roto i te wa o te whawhai, i 1941 ki te 1945, whai wāhi ia i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā mahi hōia, me ngā rauemi amuiraa. I tenei wa ka Poskrebyshev he General Meiha. Tae noa 1953 mahi Alexander ki Stalin. E rua tekau-rima tau, ngā mōhiohio katoa e haere ana i roto i taua mea, i tātari ia. haere wāhanga ki te Politburo, a ki te reira i rongo nui - tika Iosifu Vissarionovichu Stalinu.

"Squire" Stalin

Aleksandr Nikolaevich Poskrebyshev, hēkeretari whaiaro a Stalin, ko tona "atarangi", whakatau kore anake whakahaere, engari ano hoki ngā take whaiaro. kia kore noa te Hekeretari Tianara o te reta, engari ano mo te hanganga ture ki te kawa me te tae o te mau melo o te Politburo. Ki te kiia Poskrebyshev katoa - iwi noa, me warlords.

Ahakoa te pātata ki Stalin, te wahine o tona Poskrebyshev kore i taea e whakaora i te hopu. I ia ki te puta fakatāutaha he whakamana hoki ia. Ahakoa tamata ia ki te tiaki i tana wahine. Otiia hainatia Stalin te whakamana, me te, te kitenga i te faaiteraa i te mata o Alexander Nikolayevich kata. faaoti ahau e Poskrebyshev "Me te wahine hou," a ka whakaae kia kitea i roto i te heke mai e tata ana. A e pā ana ki te hopu i taimana ia. whakaaro ahau e, ki te tangohia e te NKVD tenei whakatau, na reira, i reira nga take. I maoro te fare ki Alexander Nikolayevich haere mai tetahi wahine taitamariki ki te kupu i i tonoa ia ki te pāmu.

Pārurenga o whanoke a Peria

Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Nikolaevich ko te pārurenga o whanoke a Peria. Mai rima tekau-rua o te tau o te mahere, ko te maoa ki te tukua atu rīhaina te General Hekeretari Stalin o. Otiia nuitia korero e pā ana ki reira hiahia tangata. Ko te atu na no te mea i karapotia ia e te iwi kua oti te kanga. Ka rite ki te hua o Peria faaoti ki te tango Iosifa Vissarionovicha ki te awhina o patipati.

I roto i te whakaaro o Lavrenti Pavlovich, te wahi pai mo tenei take e waiho Georgia. Otiia no te mea o te "Mingrelia pakihi" Stalin ki tona teina i runga i tau faafaaearaa e kore ahau i haere. noho ia i te koraha rawa. i te reira i rua anake wahi: te Kremlin me te dacha Moscow. Otiia i roto i te noho Kremlin ko te kōrero tino, ka kua timata ki te tohe i runga i tona rīhainatanga, e te whakaoho kia whakaarahia puta noa te whenua i roto i te hautanga o te tuarua. tonu te reira i te kōwhiringa whakamutunga - Moscow dacha.

Otiia i pai tiaki ia tae noa ki ko te muri ki Stalin te kaitiaki me te Poskrebyshev. Tangohia taea reira anake te Hekeretari Tianara. e Beria Stalin e te tōrangapū Bureau o te tuhinga ngaro whakapae ngaro. A haunga Alexander Nikolayevich mahi e kore e taea e tetahi.

ka mau a Stalin tonu atu Alexander Nikolayevich i tari, a ka tono tangata ki te whare herehere. I haere ahau ki te kopere a ia. Otiia kihai i tenei i te wa. I muri ngaro Stalin tona taiao pureraa, rawa hohoro i kitea ia kua mate i te whare i tona whenua.

kaupapa here

I roto i te 1934 ka Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Nikolaevich he mema kaitono o te CC. I roto i te 1936, e hāngai ana i runga i nga otinga whakatakoto o Stalin, tuhituhia ana e ia nga kupu ki te Ture o te Soviet Union. A e rua nga tau i muri mai - History Poto. I te 1939 ka e ia he mema o te Komiti Central o te CPSU (b), me muri mai - i te CPSU. Poskrebyshev - tuarua o te Hupirimi Soviet o te RSFSR me BASSR huihuinga 1-3-th.

ora whaiaro

marenatia te wā tuatahi Alexander i roto i 1919 ki Jadwiga Ippolitovna Stankiewicz, tahae Polish. noho ratou i roto i te whai hoa mō te kotahi tekau nga tau, a i whakarerea. Ia muri mate o mate kohi i roto i te 1937. i tanumia ia ki a Moscow Novodevichy Cemetery.

I muri whakarere tona wahine tuatahi faaipoipo faahou Poskrebyshev. ko te ingoa o tona wahine Bronislava Metallikova. I roto i tenei faaipoiporaa puta ia tokorua tamahine - Galina me Natalya. I te tau 1939 i repressed Bronislaw mō te kōrero ki a Trotsky me te whakapanga o mahi counterrevolutionary.

Kei te whakapono te reira e te take tūturu mō tana hopu - Peria, e hiahia ana ki te whakararu Alexander Nikolayevich, a ka whakakapi i te reira i roto i te pou i runga i tona tangata. Ko ko te pōhēhētanga tika tenei, no te mea i te kore i tata Peria, me te NKVD ko MVD.

hanga Poskrebyshev he ngana ki te whakaauraki tana tane, engari ki te kahore he pai. I koperea te reira i te huarahi o te ope Nasí ki Moscow. He nui i muri, i roto i 1957, ahakoa whiua, ka rehabilitated Bronislaw. i kētia ana ia i roto i Moscow Novodevichy te urupā.

Hoki te toru o nga wa moea e Alexander Poskrebyshev Ekaterine Grigorevne Ziminoy. I roto i tenei faaipoiporaa i whanau ia toru o te tamahine nei i huaina Elena.

hoa

Ahakoa te hōtaka pukumahi o ono haora i te ra, ano i Alexander wa mo te hoa e haere ki te hī ika. Katia hoa e toru anake. hoa tamarikitanga Bakoulev nei riro i te mafatu rongonui, whānui Khrulev me kaihōpara neke Papanin. i aroha Poskrebyshev pukapuka kore anake, me te hī ika, engari ano hoki he hararei kaha: tēnehi, he kēmu o poutuki. aroha ahau ki te haere ki te whare ki hoa, takoto iho, te hī me te hopu.

pūāhua

Na roto i te āhua o Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Nikolaevich, e kua he whakaahua i roto i tēnei tuhinga, ko reira he kaha, me te fakapapau'i. Na roto i te natura rawa atawhai, engari i runga i te mahi kohia me tino. Manatu tana tamahine, ka mea tonu ia e kia waiho tetahi ahua, engari e kore e karakia.

mate Poskrebysheva

kihai i Alexander whai wa ki te kopere, mai mate Stalin. haere mai Khrushchev ki te mana, a wetekina i te whare herehere Poskrebysheva. Hei mahi Kei te kore whakaaetia ai, me te toenga i tonoa ki te tūranga. noho ia hoki ma rua nga tau roa Iosifa Vissarionovicha Stalina. Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Nikolaevich, hēkeretari a Stalin me tona tangata matau-ringa, mate i runga i te tuatoru o Hanuere e ono tekau rima tau. I tanumia ia i roto i o Moscow Novodevichy Cemetery.

hōnore

whakawhiwhia Aleksandr Nikolaevich Poskrebyshev wha Ota o Lenin, mētara "hoki te wikitoria mo Germany i te Pakanga II o te Ao." He hoki he mētara "hoki itoito Reipa i roto i te Great Patriotic War."