awe oneone PODZOLIC te tukanga podsolic. whakaaturia Ko tōna rongo mōrahi e i roto i te ngahere coniferous.

Ko reira konei kei nga tikanga e tika ana katoa mo tona wahi: wai aratau Nini, tauhohenga - pūmau-waikawa, ha'iriiri e waikawa organic.

Amo māngai te nuinga muka, tannin me lignin, tona tauhohe - waikawa, engari te konupūmā waikura, me te kei iti. decomposed reira te nuinga harore, a whakatairanga reira te hanganga o waikawa fulvic ha'iriiri. I tua atu, i te papa o runga o te oneone kitea ki kaha horoi i roto i pūhui wairewa me te whakangaromanga hohonu o kohuke oneone. I roto i enei tukanga tareka te hua o te whakangaromanga, a, tahi ki e mahue he waikawa me te wai i raro.

Ka rite ki te hua - tu motu pae podzolic eluvial ranei, ai te iti huānga mana mo tipu, waikura sesqui o konumohe, me te rino, matūriki parahua, engari he rota o te tioata kiripaka (SiO2) me te takawai amorphous (SiO2 • H2 e) ki te e au tenei pae me tona marama tae hina, Ahakoa i te tae o te pungarehu.

Etahi o nga matū e kua horoia i pae podsolic me amo, e whakaritea i raro paparanga eluvial me te hanga i te Whakateatea pae - apa illuvial. He he rota o te paru me te matūriki colloidal o waikura rino , me te konumohe, pūhui ūkuikui me etahi o te pararopi. Ko te nuinga o te tae o tenei pae whero-parauri.

ngaro te nui etahi o matū e kua horoia i te pito o runga o te wai subsoil te me te kōtaha oneone. Na, ko te ngako o te tukanga podzolic faaite ake i roto i te whakangaromanga o kohuke runga o te oneone i raro i te mana o te tauhohenga waikawa me te tohatoha anō muri o nga hua o to ratou whakangaromanga i roto i te kōtaha katoa. Kei te whakapono hoki te reira e kia puta tenei tukanga i roto i ngā ki lessivage (tango o nga paparanga oneone o runga o matūriki paru, kahore whakangaro ratou hanganga).

kōtaha oneone Podzolic i te hanganga e whai ake nei: A 2 E + He + B + C

He e - he amo, he matotoru o 3 - 5 henimita, e ngā o tetahi wahi decomposed ka undecomposed toenga pūkohu, te pukoko, ngira, mongamonga o kiri me te rite.

Ko te 2 - he eluvial ranei ko te repa ma-hina ranei kahu podzolic, he hanganga pakarukaru papanga-platy ranei mea rawa structureless, matotoru o kaua e nui ake i te hauwhā o te mita.

B - he illuvial paparanga whero-parauri parauri ranei pūrerehu, he hanganga prismatic blocky ranei, he matotoru o tetahi mita, e taea te wehea te reira ki subhorizons - B 1, B 2, a na i runga i.

C - ko māngai te kamaka matua kei te nuinga pākawa waro-free paru one ranei. I te rohe o te amo, me te pae podsolic taea tohatoha apa te 0 A 1, he matotoru o 2 - 3 cm, arā, o te raro puna o te amo decomposed tae ranei matū pararopi runga kohuke apa kōtaha A 1 A 2.

oneone Podzolic i runga i te āhuatanga kino mō te whakatipu kai ki runga ki taua mea. Ko te pae pararopi reira he o ngā kahore tauhohenga - kaha waikawa (pH = 4.0-4.5), tona kaha absorption - i 3 ki te 15 mg • EQ / 100 karamu o te oneone, i te mea tino iti. I tua atu, podzolic iti kukū ki turanga - i te 30 ki te 40%.

Matūkai pērā i ūkuikui, pāhare pāporo, hauota, me etahi he iti ano hoki. oneone Podsolic structureless, kauhoe i muri i te puka ua he keke feunga mātotoru i muri i te whakamaroke. tenei katoa he pānga tōraro i runga i nga otaota.

Hoki te kai o taua whenua, kia kia limed ratou, hanga paerewa teitei o e rua maniua organic me te kohuke. Parau Me podzolic oneone te hohonu o te 24 henimita me whakarite ratou maimoatanga rite ki te tikanga.