Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Teffi

ki tonu o tuakiri e kua mahue te tohu pono e ngaropoina ana i roto i te aamu o te whanaketanga o te hapori rite te katoa XX rautau ko. ngā āhuatanga nui o te pūtaiao me te hangarau ... Ipurangi pūkoro Ahokore me piiraa mutunga mō te kōrero pūkoro - he hopearaa hāngai o taua rangahau. Otiia i te ata o te rautau rua tekau, whakanohoia te aro i kore anake i runga i te hangarau. Ko nui te wāhanga ahurea o te hapori. Ko Ko te aha te putanga o tuhinga, o te akoranga, haere i runga i rite mua, tino tipu whakawhetai ki te ingoa pūmanawa toe i roto i te mahara o te hunga e faahiahia i te tuhi, me te whiti o te rau tau wawe XX.

Na ko tetahi o enei mau taata Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Teffi, nee Lokhvitskaya, a mo tana tane - Buchynska. I whanau ia i runga i te 9 o Mei (me i te tahi atu raraunga - i runga i April 27), 1872 i roto i te pa o St Petersburg (te wahi he rerekē hoki te raraunga, kia rite ki reira he tauākī e puta ai ki te marama i roto i te kawanatanga Volyn). kaituhi Future ko te tamahine o te pai-mohiotia i te wa he orometua o mātauranga taihara, a i roto i te tua, ano te kaiwhakaputa o te hautaka "Ture Gazette" AV Lokhvitsky. Hoki Hope - he tuahine wahine toikupu tino pai-mohiotia Mirra (nee Meri) Lokhvitskaya (ko reira ia i i huaina "Sappho Russian" te wā).

Pseudonym "Taffy" i hainatia te kōrero kōmeke rawa tuatahi, me te te tākaro "take Women o", i puta i roto i 1907. Ko te pehepehe, e hoki i roto i 1901, ka Räkau Lokhvitskaya, ahakoa, whakaputaina i raro i tona ingoa kotiro o te hakari.

He Rakatuwhenua tonu te takenga o te īngoa "Taffy". Ka rite ki whakahuatia i tahaki, reira tika haere tika ki te kāinga tapaina a te pononga Lohvitsky tawhito - Stepan (huaina Steffy tona utuafare), engari ano hoki nga rotarota o Rudyard Kipling, tangi rite «Taffy i he walesman / ko te tahae Taffy». Ko te kōrero, me te scenes e kua puta mo tenei waitohu, i rongonui mīharo i roto i mua-pāhoro Russia, kia i vai kotahi wa hinu ara me candies i huaina "Taffy".

i tāngia Taffy i "Satyricon" moheni me te "Satyricon New" mai i to ratou take tuatahi, whakaputaina i roto i April 1908, e tika ana ki runga ki te aukati o te tānga i August 1918, kia rite ki te kaituhi o te kohinga e rua-rōrahi o ngā kōrero arearea, whakaputaina i roto i te 1910, i ko reira aru e rave rahi atu kohikohinga ( "carousel", "paowa kahore ahi", i puta i roto i 1914, me te "kararehe oa", tuhituhia i roto i te 1916), Taffy kua riro ia i te timatanga rawa he ingoa rite te kaituhi pai-natured, atamai, a rawa fakatokanga. whakapono katoa e te tahi atu kaituhi titore ko reira he māramatanga hiahia o ngoikoretanga tangata, tona aroha me te aroha maere mo ratou pūāhua taitaiā.

Taffy ko he momo tino o te iti, i hāngai i runga i te whakaahuatanga o te scene kōmeke iti. Tona pukapuka e rua-rōrahi, ka anga ia ki te epigraph o "Ethics" B.Spinozy e rawa tika i roto i te tokomaha o ana mahi whakatau tona ware: "hoki te kata - i reira he hari, a na reira ia anake - te manaaki."

he rawa wā poto o te mana'oo pāhoro, i i roto i 1905 ue'i tīmata tuhituhi Taffy mahi ki te niupepa Bolshevik "Life New", e kore e kore wahi kitea i roto i tona mahi i waiho. Kua kore kawea hua sino, me te auaha, me ona ngana ki te tuhituhi pūhohe pāpori i runga i ngā raruraru wā, e te niupepa "kupu Russian" tūmanakohia e Taffy. I reira i whakaputaina ai, mai i 1910. I taua wa, upoko o te niupepa "Kingi kōrero pārekareka" - V. Doroshevich ia, o te akoranga, ahakoa taketake taranata o tika kotahi ka mea a Taffy e "te maumau ake i roto i te hoiho Arapi ki te kawe i te wai."

Āpiti atu ki te satirikonovtsem kaituhi rongonui Averchenko i te mutunga o 1918 i haere Taffy i mo etahi wa i roto i Kiev, i reira te tikanga tuatahi ia ki te whakahaere o ratou ahua tūmatanui, ka, i muri i nei roa tau kotahi me te hawhe o pohehe i roto i te tonga o Russia (i roto i Odessa, Novorossiysk ko Ekaterinodar) ratou tae, i te pae hopea, i roto i Constantinople iho tika ki runga ki Paris. I roto i tona pukapuka "Memories" (whakaputaina i roto i te 1931), e kore te mea nei i te Rōpū i roto i te tikanga truest o te kupu, engari he kōrero pukapuka mōna kaua anake, i taea e ki mārama me tino anō i te ara katoa o ratou haerenga Taffy, a tuhituhi e kore i hoatu e ia ki runga tumanako mo te ohorere hoki i te mamae i roto i tona Moscow Māori ki.

Rua i roto i te tuhi, me te i roto i te whakaari i Taffy muri mārika i whakareia tona hekenga etahi pouri, ara tohu paku fakamamahi. Ko te kore e ofo tenei, no te mea te hiahia mo tona whenua taketake - tetahi o nga kaha o raruraru aronganui maha manene. A e kore ratou anake. He aha ta koutou mahi i ka kore e karanga i te wa roa o koutou hoa, me whanaunga, kahore koutou e matau ki ta tupu ki a ratou? Ko te tika, ki te kia pouri, me te ara te tumatatenga, e kore e kitea e koe he wahi mo ia.

Tone Taffy kōrero piki fakatahai etahi tuhipoka pakeke, me te tonu, huri. E ai ki te nuinga o te kaituhituhi, ko reira he wa uaua, kei te haere nei i roto i tona whakatupuranga, ahakoa kahore i roto i tetahi huarahi i taea ki te kore e whakarereketia te ture mure ore, e i nga wa i reira e taea ki te wehewehe i te hari poto o te pouri, ki te wa roa kia kitea.

I roto i te heke mai, katoa te Pakanga o te Ao Tuarua me te mahi o Taffy muri ora i waho mahue ake Paris. Heoi, i te wa wa ki whakaae tonu ia ki te korero ki a pānui ratou mahi ake ki te minenga manene rerekē, e riro tonu iti tau katoa. Well, i roto i ona tau pou-pakanga ko Taffy huahua Rōpū rawa pukumahi o ratou to'utangata taketake - i te Aleksandra Kuprina me Konstantin Balmont ki Grigoriya Rasputina.

haere Life Taffy ki Paris i runga i Oketopa 6, 1952, ka mahue i muri i te ahurea iroriki nui ki te tupu hoki te wa roa, tae noa te mutunga, e kore e tino mea whatu ki te karauna o te taranata pono o te tuhinga.