Methods o arotautanga o whakatau whakahaere rite te tohu o te kōtuitui o te tukanga auaha

Pū o te auaha - tona kanorau, he tukanga e whakauru ana pūtaiao, hangarau, ohaoha, whakahaere, me te rakahinonga. I roto i nga tau tata nei, tukanga auaha tino tipu me kua inaianei āhuatanga maha. Ko ona hohonuraa tāuru tiketike, me te riskiness, e rapu te hanga o te taiao whakaturia o tikanga hāngai ki te whanaketanga o te mahi auaha o te umanga me te whakawhitinga ki ngā tikanga hou o te arotautanga o whakataunga whakahaere. He mahara ki te āhua me te pau o te tukanga auaha e āhei tatou ki te whakatika i te wāhanga taketake o whakataunga whakahaere whanaketanga, ki te arotahi whakahaere i runga i te pānga o ona ngā matua, me te whakamahi i te huinga o poapoa mo te ara tino pai.

I roto i te tuhinga pūtaiao whanaketanga maha i roto i te mara o ngā tukanga auaha. Ko te tātaritanga o maha puna pūtaiao taea ki tatou te korero e pā ana ki te kore o taurite i roto i te tikanga o te wā "tukanga auaha". Ko te whakamāramatanga tino noa o tenei ariā Here. Ko te kupu, kia rite ki te he halá paerewa GOST 31279-2004, ko te faafariuraa rangatū tukanga auaha i roto i ngā hua ki te mahi i muri, me te wa ki te mākete. tautuhi ana te paerewa te katoa hōkai o te mahi i roto i te tukanga auaha: rangahau me te whanaketanga, āwhina i roto i te whakatinanatanga, ki te whakarato āwhina mahi i roto i te whakamahi me te tiaki, me te te tukanga o te whakaputa whakatau whakahaere tika i roto i te anga o tona akoranga.

Ki te whakamāramatanga GOST taiawhiotia tenei māramatanga o te tukanga auaha i roto i nei te tirohia reira rite te tukanga o te orokohanga o te huringa auaha, e ngā o te wāhanga o te whakawhitinga ki ona tikanga hāngai o arotautanga o whakataunga whakahaere, kia rite ki te hua o nei i reira ko te auahatanga whakatinanahia. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, ki te huringa o te matauranga taketake hou i roto i te matauranga tīpakongia, me te he huinga o ngā tikanga whakatutuki i ēnei whāinga. Me kï reira e nga kāwai o "tukanga auaha" me "huringa auaha" te nuinga o ngā kairangahau me ngā ture āta e kore e faaite, te whakamahi i rite ōrite. Heoi, i roto i ngā whānui "tukanga" me "huringa" he rerekētanga. Na, ki te matau te tukanga e rite te mahi pipiri, tukinotia te huringa te rite "he huinga o ngā tukanga e puta i roto i tetahi roa o te wā." Na reira ko te reira e tika ana, i runga i te ringa kotahi, he mārama wehewehe enei ariā ki te whakaaro ki te auaha, me i te tahi atu, ki te matau ratou āhuatanga whakakotahi - ariā e rua ngā whakaaro o te āhua o ngā mahi mō te whakawhiti ki hou tikanga o arotautanga o whakatau whakahaere i roto i te mahi.

Ko te tukanga auaha titau e i roto i te huringa o te auahatanga ki ngā hua, haere reira i roto i te raupapa o āhua, whakakapi tetahi ki tetahi, tae atu - rongoā whakahaere tukanga whanaketanga, e kua āhuatanga e te whakawhitinga kaha i roto i te whakahaere o taua tikanga ki te arotau whakatau whakahaere e tukua te tukanga katoa ki te hanga i te tino utu-whai hua.

Ko te tukanga auaha rite te whakatinanatanga whakarara-ki-rangatū o ngā mahi rarawhi te huinga o rerekē momo o te mahi, ka taea te tātari ki reira te tohatoha i te mahi me te rōpū ratou e whai ake nei ki 3 wāhanga:

1. tiki auaha (auaha hokohoko, ratou tomokanga (whakatupuranga o whakaaro me ratou filtration, whakamātautau o te kaupapa, mahi hanga);

2. Ko te horapa o innovations (hokohoko, production me te āwhina i roto i te mākete whakawhiti me te whakatinanatanga o te auahatanga, whakawhiti hangarau me te arumoni o ngā hua);

3. Ko te whakamahi o innovations (whakatinanatanga o ngā hua hou, me te āwhina i roto i te tono, te tūringiringi o te auahatanga (whakatairanga auahatanga), hangarua.

Ko te kupu, Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te huinga o te mōhiotanga wā, me te wheako, e hanga te kaupapa o te auahatanga, whakaputa i te whakaaro o te mau ana i te taone. Mā te whakamahi i te huinga e wātea ana o mea e tahuri (hanganga) karere ki te tauira, a ka i roto i te hua whakamutunga.