Mana o te parahanga oneone: tikanga instrutsii

Oneone Ko te wāhanga faufaa o te ao koiora. Te kore reira, e te mea e taea ki te tīariari i runga i te whenua. Ko tonu te oneone mana horonga. Katoa tau reira i te huru whiwhi rau o taranata o ngā pollutants. Tenei hau whakapau me te pira i tipu ahumahi. Kia i roto i te oneone, e decomposed te täoke. Etahi o ratou ko te ara o te hekenga kōtaha me taka ki roto ki te wai. Ko te pūmate taiao teitei dioxides kawe me konganuku taimaha, ahua pūhui waro, me te pararopi, me phenols.

Ko te uhi oneone ko te totohu koiora. Haunga, he reira e taea ki te haamou i me te whakangaro ngā pollutants. Heoi, i ngä nohanga tiketike o ngā āhuatanga paitini i raro te kore hono ao koiora. Ka taea e taua te rongo arahi ki te ngangau i o nga ungeri faufaa o to tatou paraneta.

momo o te parahanga

I raro i etahi huru, te whakanui ake i te kukū o ngā matū e puta i roto i te oneone. Ki te nui ake tenei ahua te rohe o te taumata whakaaetia mōrahi, ka ka waiho kōrero e pā ana ki te parahanga. Ka taea te tohe te aroaro o tenei āhuatanga i roto i te take o te aroaro i roto i te oneone o tetahi maha o ngā matū e kore motuhake ki reira, ka tautuhia i roto i te Kāwai kino.

whakarōpūtia oneone parahanga e i roto i nga nekehanga rerekē e ono. Ia o ratou āhuatanga te whakaiti rahi o te hua o te purupurua, me te te nui o koiora hua.

kia poke ai oneone:

- te u, toka me poma, tukunga me te ururua;

- konganuku taimaha;

- ngā patukīrea;

- mycotoxins;

- huānga iraruke.

Rauemi o te contamination oneone

I te "hauora" o tenei wāhanga faufaa o te ao koiora e tino pāngia e te mahi a te tangata. Ko te hua o te whanaketanga o hangarau ahunga ko te poke nui o te oneone, me nga puna o ona poke - ururua matua ahumahi putanga i roto i te hanga o konganuku kore-ferrous me ferrous, me te ngā pūhui matū waro, hua matū pararopi, etc. Ki te whānuitanga nui ko whakapokea te taiao me pira .. ki te kōhauhau. Mai i paowa ahumahi tukua ki te rangi, te wai me te oneone pungarehu, me te ngarahu, te waro haukura me te pūngāwhā hāora rua, pūhau, pūkawa, me te rite. D.

Mana o te parahanga oneone, me te tohu e ratou huru pēhia te momo o te ururua hangarau, e he hua, whakamahia i roto i te huringa production. He rerekē ratou hanganga me te rahinga. Heoi, ka rite ki te tikanga, ngā waiwaro, he rārangi o e waka anake me hinonga ahumahi ngā neke atu i te rua rau ingoa.

.. Ko te puna o te parahanga i te take o te hanga o pūhui tiketike-rāpoi - whakarewa, waetahi, kaiwhakakökï, colorants, stabilizers, etc. "Hauora" i roto i te oneone, me te hua ia ratou e tenei ao: kirihou, rapa, peita, etc ...

I roto i kahore tangohanga mehua parahanga iti me te para o te hinu. Tenei rauemi māori horahia tonu, ārahi ki salinity oneone. puta contamination i te hau parariraa i roto i te mara e pā ana.

konganuku kore-ferrous me taimaha ki te taiao rite ki te hua o te pira o taua hinonga:

- rino me te maitai;

- Mechanical Engineering;

- metalworking;

- matūngahinu, matū, penupenu me te pepa, rakau, me te tokomaha atu ahumahi.

hanga Mana o te parahanga oneone e taea ki te whakamārama i te meka e rite ki te hua o te maimoatanga ki patungārara me paihana mara, me te kikiritanga puta poisoning o ngā papa momona o te huānga ngā paitini - te ateneke. Ko te taonga ano ki te taiao rite ki te hua o te hanga o te karaihe, te orokohanga, āpiha tanning, fungicides, me rodenticides.

worsens āhuatanga Taiao tino i roto i te hui o ngā aituā waka me pipelines kawe inorganic me matū pararopi, a hoki i roto i te tipu te mana karihi.

Kua whakaaetia te mana parahanga oneone ki te kitea i roto i te meka e te puna nui o matū kino ko te wāhi i reira te rokiroki me te whakangaromanga o te ahumahi, ho'oraa me te ururua whare. He pānga kino i runga i te taiao, me te rokiroki o ngā wāhanga paitini.

Ko te hiahia ki te aroturuki i te "hauora" o te oneone

rangi kōhauhau me te wā wai mata whaiaro horoi-i täoke. Ko te oneone kua te taua maha o ngā āhuatanga motuhake. piki te reira i wāhanga kino, me te he kore e taea ki te pure tino ratou. He nui nui o tāoke arata'i ki kinonga o cover whenua me te hanganga o pera-ka karanga koraha tangata-i hanga. ai hua o mōrearea taiao me te mau hopearaa kino o mau ana i te riri tika ki te hauora tangata tenei. Ko Ko te aha e mea faufaa te mana parahanga oneone, te whakaaro o te mea ki te kitea me te ārai i ngā pānga kino i runga i te ao koiora.

Raruraru hou

I teie mahana te tino aro turukihia te take o te ngā tangata ki te taiao pāpori. Käore e kore e te raruraru ngā whakapeka o contamination oneone tangohia, a ka tiaki i te kounga o te ora o te iwi e noho ana i runga i to tatou paraneta tikanga mo tona otinga.

kia kitea ngā take taiao whakaata i roto i te hapori tangata. Tenei ka mau tonu te kakama me te mâ o te taiao, te apa Ozone, a pera bioturnover matū. D.

E whakaatu ana kawea i roto i te mana poke oneone e reira he huringa i roto i te ihirangi o ngā huānga wahi. He pānga hoki te hauora tangata, ārahi ki te rangirua o ngā tukanga pūkoro i roto i tona tinana, me te meinga mate te kōtore o te huru rohe tenei. Hei tauira, matū carcinogenic ki te oneone rite ki te hua o te pira, meinga mate neoplastic.

tikanga houtanga me te tiaki oneone

I roto i te tikanga ki te tutakina whakamahia te täoke waka tauā ero me te rokiroki. Enei hanganga tukua te whakamahi o te tikanga tāoke localization, e taea e pā te taiao. Heoi, fakamo'oni'i mana pollution oneone e ki te ara pai aro kino ki to tatou kai hauora ko to ratou whakakorenga. Ka taea te tikanga tika hua paitini i roto i te wahi o to ratou rokiroki. Hoki tenei whakamahi tikanga pērā i tahu i te waiwaro, te tango i pollutants, ngā rongoā horoi oneone kohuke. I roto i taua take, ka he hua paitini āhuatanga organic taea te tono tikanga koiora. E ētahi wā tangohia täoke i roto i te rawa hanga mo ratou ngā tukatuka me te neutralization.

A tuu ki te aroturuki

rangahau hauora oneone whakahaeretia i roto i ngā wāhi tuawhenua. E hiahiatia ana ratou me i te wāhi tata ki te pa, me hinonga ahumahi. I tua atu, nui faufaa ko te mana o te parahanga o te oneone, whakaputaina i te taumata muri. whakaata te reira i te raraunga i runga i te parahanga o te kōhauhau, ka, rite te tupu, - oneone.

Ko te parau tumu taketake o te mehua mana

tūhuratanga oneone i roto i te rohe te moka o tetahi hinonga whai ki te tautuhi i te uara o mōrahi para whakaaetia me pira. ki te whakahaere me te whakauru ngā whakaritenga tiaki oneone parahanga me te tirohia hoki te aroaro o matū carcinogenic. takoto ratou aroaro e te aroaro o te benzopyrene. whakaritea ana tēnei i roto i IEC 17.4.2.01-81.

I raro i ngā ture o nāianei, kawea te mana o te contamination oneone i roto i ngā wāhi hākinakina, kindergarten me ngā pūtahi hauora i roto i kore iti iho i te rua i te tau - i roto i te puna me te ngahuru. E ai ki nga whakaritenga o te whakaaro manuhiri tauira tata te hinonga ahumahi kia tohua me ngā pere hau whakatika.

Various tari o kamupene tohutohu mo te ahua o te oneone aroturuki, tono i nga hinonga o te ahumahi. Na, whakawhanakehia Minneftegazprom taunakitanga i runga i nga rohe tiaki, i roto i nga wahi o te hinu production. whakarato rātou i hoki mana contamination tonu, ka whakaahua i te mahi e kua hiahiatia ki te mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga ohorere rerekē.

tikanga mana

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakatau i te contamination o te rohe ako tīpako hua oneone. Tūtohutanga mo te mana o te contamination oneone, e taea te kitea i roto i te ako i āta hangaia, tohu te hiahia mo ratou tātaritanga matū. ka tukua te reira ki te whakatau i te kukū whakaaetia mōrahi o matū paitini. Ko reira rawaka ki te whakamahi i tōtika autaki tikanga ki te whakahaere i contamination oneone. Ratou rārangi ngā:

- tātaritanga o te whanonga, me te tohatoha o ngā momo o microorganisms, otaota me hātaretare, e he tohu o te "hauora" o te apa oneone;

- riro e ngā phytogenesis aromatawai.

mana contamination oneone

Radionuclides he roa hawhe-te ora, taka ki te whenua i te waho, i te huru, piki te reira i roto i te papa o runga. Tenei raruraru o contamination o te oneone me ngā tikanga o ona rongoā e tino hāngai ana mō te tangata. Ēnei matū kawe te tūpono ki te hauora o te tangata, me te ki te whānuitanga nui e taea kē te āhuatanga rauropi. Na reira, aroturuki tonu o te contamination oneone.

Hoki tona whakamahi o te tikanga tauira manawa whenua, e kua waiho i raro ki te taiwhanga tātaritanga kama-spectrometric. Ka taea te whakamana Mana i roto i te mara. Reira puritia hoki tātaritanga kama-spectrometric ki te whakamahi o ngā pūrere kawe, "Bell" PSA-88 ranei.

Te aroturuki i te taumata o ngā patukīrea

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakahaere i ngā tarutaru, pepeke e hiahiatia, me mate fungal o te oneone momona e tukinotia ki insecticides, fungicides me insecticides. Katoa o ratou, me te repellents me fumigants, ake i hua, e pā ana ki ngā patukīrea. Ko biologically ēnei matū kaha, me te i nohanga teitei meinga nui kino ki te taiao.

Ko te aroturuki tamau aha o contamination oneone i ngā patukīrea. I teie mahana, whakawhanakehia reira tauwhāiti aratohu me tikanga tīpako. hanga ratou e taea ki te whakatau MICROQUANTITIES waipatutaru me patukīrea. I runga i nga ngā matua, tuku ki te kawe i roto i te mana kounga o whenua ahuwhenua taea te kitea i roto i nga Ture, whakawhanakehia e te Institute o whakamātautau Meteorology Roshydromet. Tenei tuhinga, ko te ā-whakamārama i te wāhanga matua o te faaineineraa o te mana, me te te hui, me te whiwhi i te hua e hiahiatia ana.

mana koiora oneone

kore me i roto i ngā wāhanga whenua o nga pa, nga pa me te whenua ahuwhenua he mōrearea te whanau ki kaiao koiora tangata. Ki tenei mutunga, whakawhanakehia, ka whakatinanahia tohu motuhake te mōrahi taumata whakaaetia, e kua tohutohu i roto i te paerewa mā me ture parukore.

Kua whakaahuatia te tikanga tono o aroturuki microbiological o te oneone i roto i nga tūtohutanga huarahi unu ake i ngā mema o te Center Federal mo Sanitary Inspection Tāhuhu o Hauora o Russia, Federal Research Centre. F. F. Erismana me pokapū GSEN i Krasnodar.