Ko te maunga o te kotuituitanga Baikal: tauira

muia e te hītori arowhenua katoa o te whenua (e pā ana ki 4.5 piriona tau) kei te i roto i te ripanga geochronological iti haaputuhia e te pūtaiao. I roto i tenei wa, i wahia e ratou, ka kua ke fenua nekehanga me ngā moana ratou tūranga. I runga i te mata o to tatou paraneta i hanga nga maunga, ka i whakangaromia ratou, a ka i roto i to ratou wahi whakatika te pae maunga hou - ara nui, me te noa teitei.

E hāngai ana tēnei tuhinga ki runga ki tetahi o nga taima tuatahi o te kotuituitanga whenua - e pā ana ki Baikal. Kia pehea te roa roa te reira? I pae maunga kua puta ake i tenei wa? Na he aha Ko nga maunga o te kotuituitanga Baikal - tiketike iti ranei?

Ko te tau o te kotuituitanga whenua

wehea te hītori katoa o te whare maunga i runga i to tatou paraneta e pūtaiao ki wā tikanga, ngā wā, ka huaina ratou whakakopa. i matou i te reira matua mo te haratau. O te akoranga, i reira he wahi pakaru i roto i te hanganga o te mata o te whenua e kore kua.

maha Tapeke o taua wā i roto i te aamu o te ao tu i roto i ono. Ko te kotuituitanga matamua - Archean, me te hou - Alpine, e tonu i tenei ra. Tabulahia i raro nei te kotuituitanga arowhenua katoa o te whenua, i roto i te raupapa wā:

• Archean (4,5-1,2 piriona tau ki muri).
• Baikal (1,2-0,5 piriona tau ki muri).
• Caledonia (500-400 miriona tau ki muri).
• Hercynian (400-230 miriona tau ki muri).
• Mesozoic (160-65 miriona tau ki muri).
• Alpine (65 miriona tau ki muri ki te ra nei).

i huaina hanganga Geomorphology e i hanga e i roto i rānei whare maunga tau e fakatatau ki - Baikalides, Hercynides, Caledonides aha ...

Next e taipitopito tatou nga maunga tino rongonui o te kotuituitanga Baikal. Korerotia mai ki a matou te wahi e kei ratou, ka pehea ki te titiro waho.

puninga Baikal: anga wā me te āhuatanga whānui o te wā

Ko te tau o te Hanganga Maunga whenua, te uhi i te wā i 650 ki te 550 miriona tau o te hītori arowhenua o Earth (Riphean - Cambrian), noa huaina te kotuituitanga Baikal. tīmata te reira i pā ana ki 1.2 piriona tau ki muri, ka mutu e pā ana ki 500 miriona tau ki muri. ingoa era Arowhenua i muri Lake Baikal, rite ko reira te wahi tonga o Siberia hoki kua hanga i i tenei wa. Ko te wāhanga i whakamahia tuatahi i te kaitātai Russian Nikolai Shatsky i te 30-doma.

Te kotuituitanga Baikal, whakakopa tika ki te faaitoitoraa o ngā tukanga o te puiatanga me granitisation i roto i te kirinuku o te whenua, i hanga te maha o ngā hanganga arowhenua hou i runga i te tinana o to tatou paraneta. Ka rite ki te tikanga, whakatika taua mātauranga i runga i nga waho o te tüäpapa onamata.

maunga Angamaheni Baikal kotuituitanga taea te kitea i runga i te rohe o Russia. Tenei, hei tauira, Khamar-Daban ngā maunga i roto i Buryatia me Timan Ridge i te raki. Me pēhea e ratou titiro waho? ka kia tiketike iti ranei nga maunga o te kotuituitanga Baikal? Kia whakahoki a ki tenei pātai.

Kia pehea te he Baikalides

Baikalides i hanga e te wa roa i mua. Ahakoa i nga paerewa o te wā arowhenua. Ko reira reira arorau e te nuinga o ratou he inaianei i roto i te huru te hautoa. Hoki miriona o nga tau, i waiho i raro i enei hanganga ki denudation kaha i whakangaromia ratou e huringa hau, rerenga, te pāmahana. Ko te kupu, e iti ranei āhua i tiketike te maunga o te kotuituitanga Baikal.

Ko e mo'oni, Baikalides altitudes uaua nui 2000 mita i runga ake te taumata moana. Ka taea te kite i ngāwari tenei ki te whakarite tatou i te mahere-tinana, me te nekeneke o te whenua. I runga i nga mahere arowhenua me nekeneke o nga maunga o te kotuituitanga Baikal, rite ki te tikanga, tohua i roto i te papura.

Heoi, nga Baikalides tawhito i roto i ngā wāhanga maha o te ao kua wāhanga ora ake (āio) i muri tipu nekehanga nekeneke. Na, mo te tauira, tupu te reira i roto i te Caucasus me Turkey.

Ki te hanganga arowhenua o te Baikal whakakopa tino nuitia e pā ana tino rāhui o konganuku kore-ferrous. Ko te kupu, i roto i a ratou e whakaritea nga putunga taonga o mēkuri, tine, konutea, parahi, me te tine.

Ko te maunga o te kotuituitanga Baikal: tauira

E kitea ngā arowhenua o tenei tau i roto i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te ao. Ko ratou i roto i Russia ko katatānga, Iran, Turkey, India, France me Ahitereiria. Baikalides kei i runga i nga takutai o te Moana Whero, a wāhanga hipokina te rohe o Brazil.

He mea nui ki te mōhio e te wā "Baikal whakakopa" he noa anake i roto i te tuhinga pūtaiao o te wāhi pou-Soviet. I roto i ētahi atu whenua, ka karanga i tenei wā ko rerekē. Na, mo te tauira, i roto i Europe reira i roto i te wa hāngai ki Kadoma me kotuituitanga Assyntian, Ahitereiria - Luinskaya, Brazil - Palāsilá taua ingoa.

I roto i Russia whakaaro nga Baikalides tino rongonui hanganga geomorphology:

• Eastern Sayan.
• Khamar-Daban.
• Baikal Mountains.
• Yenisei Ridge.
• Timan Ridge.
• Patom Highlands.

Baikal maunga whakakopa i Russia. Baikal Mountains

Ko te ingoa o tenei awhe maunga ko orokati ki te ingoa o te taitahi e ui tatou Hanganga Maunga. Na reira, i te reira e timata tatou te matua āhuatanga Baikalides Russia.

Baikal Mountains taha takotoranga wai o te moana o i te taha ki te raki-uru. takoto te reira i roto i te rohe Irkutsk me Buryatia. Ko te roa tapeke o te hiwi, ko te 300 kiromita.

I roto i te raki o te hanganga arowhenua tonu ataata Ridge Akitkan. Ko te teitei toharite o tenei Baikalides ngā waenganui i 1800-2100 mita. Ko te wāhi tino teitei rawa o te hiwi - te Cherskogo runga (2588 m). ingoa te maunga i roto i te honore o te matawhenua, e hanga he koha nui ki te ako o te āhua o te rohe Baikal.

rāwhiti Sayan Mountains

Eastern Sayan Mountains - te maunga ngā nui i roto i te tonga Siberia, totoro tata te mano kiromita. Mahalo te kaha tino i roto i Baikalides Russia. Ko te wāhi tino teitei rawa tae 3491 Te Tai Rāwhiti Sajana mita (Mountain Munch-Sardyk).

Te Tai Rāwhiti Sayans tito matua o pakeke tioata kamaka - kāhuarau kanapa, quartzite, amphibolite me te mapere. I roto i ona rire kitea putunga nui o te koura, bauxite me te graphite. Whakaaro nga Spurs rawhiti tino ataahua o te whānuitanga maunga, Nō e tūruhi Tunkinskie Alps.

Ko te tino whakawhanakehia (i roto i ngā o orographic) Te Tai Rāwhiti Sajana wahi pokapū. Kei reira o te massifs maunga tiketike, e kua āhuatanga e otaota subalpine me momo whenua. I roto i te kurums whānui Eastern Sayan. Ko te wāhi nui o putunga kohatu, arā, o whatiwhatinga pokepoke o toka o rerekē te rahi o tenei.

maunga Byrranga

Byrranga - tetahi maunga atu ngā o te kotuituitanga Baikal. E tū ratou i runga i te raki Taimyr Peninsula. Ko te raupapa o tupuke takitahi, mania tāwakawaka me mania, canyons hohonu me raorao waka tiketike Mountains. Ko te roa tapeke o te whānuitanga maunga - e pā ana ki 1,100 kiromita.

"He te te rangatiratanga o te wairua kino,, kohatu tio me te kahore atu" - na tuhituhia ana e pā ana ki enei wahi Nganasans, māngai o tetahi o nga iwi taketake o Siberia. Ko te tuatahi i maheretia te maunga Byrranga kaihōpara Russian Alexander Middendorf.

Ko te tino iti ēnei maunga. Ahakoa titiro ratou tino mīharo rite te tū reira tika i runga i te moana. teitei mōrahi o te wāhi, ko te 1146 anake mita. Ko te tino kanorau te tanga o tenei awhe maunga. Here taea e koe te kite i nga matapuna pari, me te ngawari, tihi papatahi, me te oka, me te he momo nui o puka tio.

Yenisei me te Timan Ridge

Baikalides mohio ki Russia, ka whakaoti matou i te whakaahuatanga o te rua tupuke - te Yenisei me Timan. Kei te kotahi tuatahi kei roto i te Central Siberian Plateau , a anake i roto i te tahi mau wahi, neke atu i te kotahi mano mita i roto i te teitei. Yenisei Ridge matatini tawhito, me te tino pakeke toka - conglomerates, shales, sandstones me rore. he taonga i roto i te rino ore, bauxite me te koura i te hanganga.

kei Timan Ridge te i roto i te raki o te whenua. hora te reira i te moana Barents atu te takutai, me te he tata ki te maunga Ural. Ko te roa tapeke o te whānuitanga maunga - e pā ana ki 950 km. Ua faaite ngonge Boules i roto i te tauturu. whakaarahia te nuinga tona wahi pokapū, e ko te wāhi teitei - kohatu Chetlassky (teitei o 471 anake m). Ka rite ki te toenga o te hanganga o te kotuituitanga Baikal, he taonga i roto i ngā kohuke (Titanium, bauxite, akete, me ētahi atu) Timan Ridge.