Disorders rongo: momo, tohu, maimoatanga. disorders rongo me te Nositiká

hei mate Neurological i roto i nga tau tata nei piki noa, me te ake pinepine. Ko e tika ana ki te hoholo o te iwi, wharanga upoko auau tenei. He wahi motuhake i roto i disorders neurological noho disorders tairongo, me te Nositiká.

He aha te tikanga o te enei disorders?

Maumaui me mahi rongo Nositiká e kitea he kore e roto i te roro karere piringa ranei te kūmuri o etahi whakaohooho ngā ranei. Ko tenei e tika ana ki te hanga hē o hononga neural i roto i te roro ranei ka reira ko te tutukitanga, e kore e hoatu ponana karere ki te tomo i te reira. Ki te puta he takahi taua i roto i te uho kaka, ka karanga te takahi taua te tuarua, me te no ki te Nositiká (rite i roto i reira, a ano i roto i te tahi mau hanganga roro puta tukatuka o ngā mōhiohio katoa e haere mai ana i neurons piringa).

Ki te tuatahi pā te raru piringa, huarahi ranei, i roto i tenei take, i reira he disorders kōtuitanga pa (rite waiwai mamae filosilivá peka afferent karere, a ka hanga riro te pini hiko he ala tika). Mai taea te uho kaka me mutunga karere piringa te mahi tahi anake ratou mahi, e whakaaro disorders rite te kōwae.

Ko te rerekētanga i waenganui i te taumata pokapū, me te piringa

Disorders o te take pokapū, te ingoa titau rite, e whakakitea i roto i te pāpaka roro - penei katoa pokapū mōhiohio taumai. Ko te tino tairongo ki te pānga o ngā āhuatanga Brain kikokiko, i te mea he aha te mate Nositiká taea i roto i te pakeke. Mai te tikanga i roto i te tukanga pathological wāhi katoa o tona hanganga, a taea whakawhanake disorders hinengaro. I roto i tenei take, i reira he whakararuraru psychosensory. He disorders rongo te take o te whakangaromanga o te taumata pūnaha io piringa - receptors me te kahiwi karere tika cranial. whakawhanake ratou nui atu pinepine a te nuinga o kore e rapua e maimoatanga (okotahi - neuropathy).

E konatunatua atu maha disorders e pā ana. meinga te tikanga ratou he haurangi ki pūhui psychotropic (kore tika tarukino me te waipiro) ranei te mate pūnahanaha o te pūnaha io.

Ngā momo o ngā pūnaha pūoko o te tinana tangata

Ko te mahi matua whakaritea ki te rongo - te tirohanga o whakaohooho e haere mai ana i te waho. I roto i te tikanga ki te urutau ki te taiao, tikanga āhua i ki te hanga i ngā hanganga motuhake mo te tirohanga o te katoa o te kōrero e haere mai ana i te waho.

Nā ki te meka e he rerekē i roto i to ratou hanganga me te āhua nga ngātere katoa, i reira e rima ngā rōpū o ngā pūnaha tairongo - titiro, rongo, haunga, pa, reka. Ko tino motuhake ia o ratou, i o ratou whekau o perception, ona pokapū i roto i te uho kaka kawenga mō te tukatuka mōhiohio taumai.

Ia o enei pūnaha he ona ake receptors kei roto i te wahi motuhake (anake kiri, e kua Kei receptors i runga i tona mata katoa). rerekē receptors i roto i to ratou hanganga, me te momo o te mana ki runga ki a ratou.

raruraru Perceptual haere mai whakaohooho he tino motuhake mo ia pūnaha, me reira e ko te reira e tika ana ki te wetewete i ia o ratou.

psychanopsia

Visual raruraru te tikanga puta atarua o ngā, nuinga ki, a ka he tika i te pōrearea ano o hanganga ocular ratou. I roto i te Area, he waimaero tirohanga tairongo i roto i te ara lesion (i roto i tenei āhuatanga - te raru whatu) me te uho kaka (nuinga i roto i pāpaka o te taupa kōpako o te roro). Psychanopsia te tikanga hoki tahi e te lesion mahara wā roa-, i roto i ngā pā reira ki raka, me te hanga whakapakoko o te ahanoa i roto i te ngakau.

Kei te nuinga o te whakararuraru, rongo tahi e te takahi o te perception o te kāmuta tae o te tumu parau. puta te reira i roto i te mate o tihi - pūtau receptor kei roto i te etine, meinga whakawhanake matapo. Ka taea te āhuatanga Tūkinotanga i te āhua o te āhua o ngā i roto i te hinengaro (i mohio e te ahanoa pēnei i te mea porotaka, tawhio noa, kite tangata mate reira hei porotītaha, me growths - rite te tikanga whakawhanake huru i roto i te moemoea, rawa pono, a i roto i tenei āhuatanga e pā ana ki te disorders Nositiká) . Nositiká raruraru rongo me te ataata puta i roto i te moemoea o ngā takenga mai.

Tūkinotanga o perception tangi

Rongo te tika ki te mahi noa o te pūnaha tataki o te taringa - torino, ossicles o te taringa waenga me te koko roto. te waimaero tairongo (turi) te tikanga whakawhanake i roto i pāpaka underdevelopment o nga ossicles māna (hama paepae, stapes) ranei. Ki te ko te pīari i roto i te pāpaka hypothalamic (matua tirohanga pokapū o ponana tairongo i te okana) rite te pai rite i roto i te taupa pae tino o te uho haaparuparu, i roto i tenei take e pā ana ki te māna raruraru rongo analyzer. Tikanga, E whakakitea enei maumaui i te tau wawe, i te mea he aha rawa pinepine whakaara ake ngā pātai e pā ana ki disorders rongo o nga tamariki.

puta hoki disorders Nositiká ka reira he huringa i roto i te matamata pae tino. puta ratou tino maha i roto i te perception ohorere o te kaha tangi (āhua tangi iti auē nui me te hurihia), takahi o matau ki ta rongo ia (i roto i te whakarara ki te taupa pae tino i roto i te tukanga, ka uru rohe Wernicke - te pokapū o te tirohanga korero).

takahi o te kakara

Olfactory disorders rongo te tikanga whakawhanake rite ki te hua o pāpaka mucosal o te kōhao nasal (i roto i ngā, tona tuatoru runga, te wahi i nga hopearaa io piringa o te io ihu). Ka puta mai tēnei rite ki te hua o inhalation kakara koi, weranga mucosal i roto i te whakapā ki te korohū wera, me te whētuki awa ihu. A, no te kūmuri tenei raraunga kore e taea e receptors kite rāpoi kakara, no te mea o e whakawhanake me te oreraa ki kakara.

Tūkinotanga o āhukahuka kakara puta ka whara roro, pakaruhanga toto i roto i te hippocampus me e alangá, rite pai rite i te hanganga o ponana pathological rahi i roto i ēnei wāhanga, putanga e tika ana ki te whakamahi o ngā matū Psychoactive - pērā i LSD, Spice, me te i runga i te muri o te tahi mau mate hinengaro, tahi e te syndrome hallucinatory (hei tauira, tuakoi, etahi momo o encephalopathies).

pa pouri

meinga tūtohutanga tūturu e receptors kei runga tata te mata katoa o te kiri. Ko ratou kawenga mo te perception o te ahanoa me etahi o ona āhuatanga (rahi, taimaha, te pāmahana, te āhua). rite tenei katoa e hanga he hononga hihiko matatini, haere mai i receptors katoa wā kotahi. Anake te hekenga i roto i te tūtohutanga whanake ki disorders o te hononga raru ko piringa (mutunga me kahiwi). hanga te ahua o te ahanoa ake kei roto i te uho kaka, te tikanga - i roto i te rohe o te taupa frontal me tetahi wahi - te pae tino. hinga Central enei rohe (whara roro pāmamae, patu, infarction kaka, te poisoning o te tahi mau paihana) taea arahi ki te hanganga o te lesion, i roto i nei e pakaru nga hononga neural katoa, i te mea he aha e kore e taea e te tangata tika kite me te waihanga i roto i to koutou ngakau o te whakapakoko kaupapa . E mea pinepine i roto i taua disorders tika ki anō here e mohio a hē i runga i tetahi atu ranei paearu (te mea flat, me te mahana a tawhio noa - wera ranei matao).

agnosia gustatory

Kei Taste receptors nuinga i runga i te arero, me i ona papa lateral. disorders rongo te tikanga whakawhanake i roto i te weranga o nga kiriuhi mucous o te reo, i te mea he aha tikanga taimaha o te reka. Ka taea hoki e te huru taua whakawhanake ka ārai etahi matū (hei tauira, i reira te mea he reka ngoikore i muri i te kai kai matao ranei kakara wera). puta Hinganga kakau reka io whara rite ki te hua o nga uaua kauwae, me te neuropathy whētuki ranei te reo.

te tikanga whakawhanake Tūkinotanga o te āhukahuka o reka i muri i te patunga i, toto i roto i te rohe o te thalamus me te uho kaka, me te tahi mau neuroinfections (meningitis, encephalitis). disorders reka Nositiká (engari pānui roa ano dysgeusia) kia puta i roto i nga wahine hapu ki te papamuri o te preeclampsia toxemia ranei (hei tauira, te titi i runga i te reka te mea fakangalongata'a me kai faahiahia).

He huinga o ngā momo rerekē o disorders rongo

E mea pinepine e whakawhanake te raruraru rongo i runga takitahi o ia atu. Heoi, i reira e rave rahi ngā momo o mate e arahi ki to ratou whanaketanga ngā. Ko te tauira tino kitea o taua mate he disorders tairongo i roto i sclerosis maha.

huru no te mate e te whanaketanga o te roro pāpaka hiri kikokiko ki lahi i roto i to ratou kiko tūhonohono. Ko te tikanga e wātea ana i roto i aua tau pakeke atu i te 50-60 i te mate taua, engari i reira e me take o te whanaketanga i te iwi taitamariki nui (30-35 tau).

puta disorders Nositiká i roto i te wā ka whakawhanake taua pāpaka i roto i te mara o te tukatuka o ngātere taumai (t. E. I roto i aua wāhanga o te roro i reira te perception o te pokapū nui matapae).

whakakorea Tūkinotanga e āhukahuka me te tikanga o e tika therapy o sclerosis maha i tīmata i te wā wawe o te mate. Ki te te mutunga ki tātaritanga wā, haere disorders ki te mana o te mau tonu.

Maimoatanga o disorders tairongo, me te Nositiká

maimoatanga motuhake o disorders tūtohutanga e kore e hanga. E hāngai mehua haumanu katoa i whakatutuki i te take (hei tauira, e tūtohu rite wawe tonu ki te whakawhāiti i te arotahi toto (i roto i te puka hemorrhagic) ranei te whakaiti ki manakohia tau pēhanga (mo te patu patunga rere pūroto). Heoi, maimoatanga kia kore tīmata i waho te tuatahi kōrero he toketā neave me te hinengaro mai whaiaro i roto i teie mau huru nui e taea kino hauora koutou.

Ki te te take o nga disorders tūtohutanga he wera, hukapuri, kia whakahaere te therapy rite ki te pakeke o te whara (taea te kawea pāpaka pūkahukahu tukinotia ki disorders rongo atu i te kāinga, i te āhua me te kino - ranei anake i roto i te kōwae hōhipera whāomo). Receptor mahi whakahokia te i roto i te maimoatanga me te whakahou whaiaroaro hanganga pūtau o te wahi i pangia o te kikokiko (e tū waiwai receptors i roto i kiriuhi mucous kiri ranei, a ratou, i roto i tahuri, he kikokiko ki pūmanawa whakaora tiketike).