Kaituhi Ukrainian Ivan Franko: biography, auaha

Ivan Franko - rongonui pehe Ukrainian me te kaituhi. Nui atu ia i roto i te tuhinga e kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i nga mahi pāpori, me te pūtaiao. Ko tētahi o te iwi nui i roto i Ukraine ko Ivan Franko. Tona koioranga, Heoi, ka waiho o kore moni Ukrainians anake.

Origin Franco

Tau o te ora o to tatou hero - 1856-1916. whanau Ivan Yakovlevich Franko i roto i te kainga o Naguevichi. Na ko reira i roto i te Lviv rohe (rohe Drohobych). Ko tona papa te parakimete kainga. Ivan Ros te pani. mate tona papa, Yakov Franko, i roto i te tau 1865. I taua wa ko ia tau 9 anake tau. I muri mai, i roto i te tau 1872, ka mate ia, ko tona whaea, Maria Kulchitskaya. I roto i te noa'tu o te āhuatanga pūtea uaua, ako Ivan.

wā whakangungu

Mai i 1862 ki te 1864 ka haere ia ki te kura, i i roto i te kainga tata; i roto i te 1864-67 - i roto i te kura tuatahi i roto i Drohobych; a i roto i te wā i te tau 1867 ki te 1875 tae Ivan kura i roto i Drohobych. I muri mai, ka ko ia kua he kaituhi rongonui, riri fakamatala'i ia te tikanga e taea ana i roto i te hākinakina. I roto i taua kōrero kia rite ki "pene", "te haapiiraa o te Tuhiwhakairo," "tetea ana i te kura", "Matua humorist" Ivan Franko ki faitotonú maere tuhituhi kaiako nanakia e drummed ki nga upoko o tamariki kuware whakaaro nui nui-kura.

whakaahua poto tetahi o enei kōrero. I roto i tona mahi "te papa-humorist" e korero tatou e pā ana ki te tangata e whakaaro te he humorist, pukuhohe. Otiia i roto i te meka, tenei tangata angiangi ki te mata hoiho teases tamariki, ki te hanga ratou hape, whakahi ratou, whiunga ki te rakau, e ngā tamariki i runga i te "pae o te kaihe." Ētahi atu kaiako, Image Writer, i kore pai.

whakaratohia Whakaahua i runga, pā ki 1870. Tenei whare hākinakina whakaahua, i whakaaturia hoa haapiiraa Ivan (ia - i roto i te rarangi tuarua, tuatahi i maui).

kihai i pai Franco i riro he tangata tino, ki te i roto i to ratou wa pānui pukapuka whakakiia ratou mōhiotanga kura. Pānui ko tona runaruna tino. i whakaputa Ivan te pukapuka, te wahi ia i taea e: i roto i whare pukapuka, ona hoa, me ētahi wā, ka piki i te moni iti, te hoko putanga cheap. kia mea te reira e Nui mātauranga Ivan. I te tau 1875 i whakaaetia e ia i te karahipi i te tahua Glowinski. I roto i te taua tau, i roto i te hinga, whakauru ia i te University o Lviv, i roto i te tari Philological. I hoatu te karahipi Ivanu Franko mo te wā katoa o te ako i te whare wānanga. E au ra te reira e te tatari Ivan mo te heke mai marino, me te haumaru. i taea e ia riro i te ahorangi i te whare wānanga kura nui ranei kaiako. tumanako te reira i ona hoa, me whanaunga.

Ko te hopu tuatahi

Heoi, i roto i nga tau tuatahi o te ako i te University o Ivan Franko whakamatauria e ia ia kia rite ki te ahua tūmatanui, ano,-pāpori, aronga whakamua. tīmata ia he kaume'a mo Mihailom Pavlikom me Ostap Terletskii. Na roto i te tuatahi, patua ake ia i te reta ki a Drahomanov, ko wai i i taua wa i roto i Geneva. Drahomanov ko he hapori pāhoro, mōrearea i roto i te kanohi o te pirihimana Ukrainian. Nā ki te reta ki a ia, hopukina to matou aito i roto i Pipiri 1877.

Fakataha ki Ivana Franko hoa whakawakia i roto i te hanga o te hapori hapori ngaro. Te Hānuere whai, kitea hara o Ivan te marae. I whiua ia ki wiki e ono whare herehere. Mai kore te te wā wa o te mutunga whakatewhatewha kiia rite te whiu, i tukua Ivan i muri anake ono wiki, March 5, 1878.

nunu'a o hopu

Ko iti te whiu, engari he whakamataku nga hopearaa. Te meka he tangata e whai he rekoata taihara, kia rite ki te ture e kore i taea e te kaiako. No te mea o tenei whāinga ko ka te whakangungu anō Ivana Franko mārama. tīpakohia hoki to tatou hero karahipi. I tua atu, Franco nui makariri i roto i te puritanga. Ko te mate i muri ka ma'i. whaia ia Ivana ora. Otiia e kore e te taua i te mau hopearaa katoa o te whare herehere. Matua Franco wahine marena hou Olga Roshkevych, ko te tohunga, a kihai tona faahoaraa. Ia opani ara Olga kitenga i te "taihara" ka hāngai ki a ia. Ratou faaipoiporaa, kāore, kihai i tangohia e wahi.

hāmene hou

Ko te whakatoi pirihimana o to tatou hero kihai i mutu i reira. I hopukina ano ia i roto i Coloma i Maehe 1880. whakawakia ano Franco o rōpū hapori. pau ia toru marama i roto i te puritia noa roa te tūhuratanga. E ai ki nga hua, i mohio ai e te hopu o Franco kua kahore pūtake. Pipiri 13 te taua tau, ka tono tangata to matou hero i raro ārahi i Coloma i Naguevichi. Memories e pā ana ki tenei mutunga, riro Ivan kitea ongo e i roto i tona mahi. hanga e ratou i te pūtake mo te kōrero o Franco, "nga rire Lower".

E kore te pirihimana i hoatu Ivan Franko anake. Ko te toru o te wā whakaaro ia o taua mea i roto i te hononga ki te taenga i Lviv rōpū o Ukrainians nei tae i Kiev. hopukina Ivan i roto i Lviv i August 1889. Tenei wa i whakawakia ai ia o te hapori e kore anake, engari ano o te tutei mo Russia. Heoi, i tenei wa i ta'e'iai nga utu. Ko te wheako herehere kitea tenei wa e i roto i te "Sonnets Prison" - huringa whiti, hanga e Franco.

ora whaiaro

I roto i te 1886, ka moea e Ivan. Tana wahine ko he kotiro whanau i roto i Kiev, Olga Horuzhinskaya. i te whānau Franco wha tamariki, engari i te pai-te mai 1902 te whānau kua ki te wahi i raro. timata te wahine o Ivan te mate hinengaro, e rahi roa'tu, i te wa. Tenei kawea tatou hero ki te rota o te pouri.

Ivan Franco i roto i 1902 oho ia ki tona whare ake (i utua i mua ia noho). Ko te wāhitau o nāianei o te whare i reira i noho ai ia Franco - Str. Franko, 152. whakahaere te reira i te whare taonga whakamahara o te kaituhituhi. Hoki whare, ka mau a Ivan i te pūtea taurewa nui. Utu i runga taua mea oti i muri i tona matenga i tana tama Ivan.

mate Ivan Franko o

Franco i April 1908 haere hoki maimoatanga me te era i roto i Lipik, kei nei i roto i Croatia hou, e tata ana Zagreb. Kua tino kino ake ngaa tona mate - e rua pararutiki ona ringa i. I tua atu, whakaatu ana te parahi tohu o te whakararuraru, hinengaro. I roto i te tau i muri mai, tamărû teie mau faaiteraa o te mate ahua. Heoi, e kore i kore ano Franco tino pai. whakapono to'utangata e tona mate ko te putanga o pakewakewa whakawhitia kotahi. hoatu te reira i te rota o te raruraru Ivanu Franko. I tēnei wā, Heoi, ahu tākuta ki te whakapono e mai 1877, ki te mutunga o te wa, ko to matou hero mate he ahua o te rūmātiki. Ko reira e pā ana ki syndrome o Reiter. Concept o reira i whakatakoto i muri i maha nga tau i muri i te matenga o Ivan.

mate o Franco

mate ruha, raruraru pāpori me te whānau, te kore o te moni, i mate to matou aito i roto i Lviv, i tona whare, Mei 28, 1916. E tū ana te urupa o Ivan Franko te i runga i te Lychakiv urupā.

Ivan Franco rite te rohipehe

te horo◊a nei kia maheni tatou ki te mahi tuhituhi o Ivan. Tuatahi rite te rohi pehe i hanga i roto i te 1874, Ivan Franko. Tona haurongo tohua e te hanga o ngā whiti noa nga ra whakamutunga o tana ora, tae noa ki 1916. I roto i ana mahi e te rota o rotarota ataahua e pā ana ki ngā take tūmatanui, me ngā wheako whaiaro. i kohia ratou i roto i te maha o ngā pukapuka.

Heoi, whakakitea te taranata whiti o to tatou hero ki te kaha mōrahi e i roto i te pehepehe roa, e kore te lyrics. kua hanga Ivan he pikitia kiko o te ora Galician o tona ra. Here Me kï reira mahi pērā i "iwi Aimoré" (1884), "Ka rite ki te tangata" (te rotarota i te 1889), me te he pehepehe hanga i roto i te 1890. "I roto i te aroha". riro hoki Ivan Franko whakapakoko o te mua hītori o te iwi Ukrainian. I roto i te mahi i runga i tenei kaupapa kia tuhia te reira "ngahau Pae" (1887), te ruri "Ivan Vyshenskii", hanga i roto i te 1895, ta tetahi, rite mahi - "I roto i Saint George Hill" (1900). i oti rawa Ivan Franko etahi o ratou hamaniraa e totohe e pā ana ki te Atua, me te karakia. Me kï hoki ruri 1885 Ex nihilo, me te "te mate o Kaina", hanga i roto i te 1889.

Rongonui i roto i te rotarota i tuhituhia e Ivan no tukatuka o kaupapa ngā i te ao o te tuhinga. Ko nga mahi o nga 1890 rite "Lis Mikita," "Te Adventures o Don Kuisito", "te kingi, me te haapae hua," "hu Abu Kasimov" enei, a whakapumautia i roto i 1900 maau "Smith Bass".

He aha te momo o te mahi ko te keokeonga o te rotarota e tatou hiahia i roto i te kaituhi? Kairangahau whakapono e hangaia e tenei he maau "Mohi" i roto i te 1905. I roto i tenei mahi, i runga i - te kōrero te Bibilia, fakafofonga'i e te ara o te iwi Iukereiniana, e timata ana ki te whawhai mo to ratou mana motuhake.

Franko - kaituhi

Ivan Franco ko te rohi pehe e kore anake, engari ano hoki i te kaituhi. I roto i enei mahi i mahi ia rite te nōna ki, e hāngai ana i runga i nga raruraru o te ora Galician o tona ra. Ko reira e whakaaturia ana kaituhi Ukrainian tuatahi o Franco te ora o nga kaimahi Borislav, e mahi i roto i nga mara hinu, me te kaipakihi o nga Hurai, e nga io ratou te raveraa ra te piha haapiiraa. I 1877, i reira ko tetahi hua o "te faafariuraa o te hunga hara," i roto i te 1884 - boa constrictor, i roto i te 1887 - "Yats Zelepuga" i roto i te 1899 - "Oilman". I waihangatia i te 1882, whakaaro te pūrākau "Borislav kata," ko te mahi pai o tenei huringa.

Fakatupú whakatapua ki te ora o te intelligentsia, noho ano he wahi nui i roto i te tuhi Franco. I roto i te 1880, i tuhituhi Ivan "te rire Lower", i roto i te 1897 - "hoki te whare", i roto i te 1900 - "ara ripeka". Rongonui i roto i nga mahi o tenei raupapa no ki te hunga e oti rawa ki nga whanaunga Ukrainian-Polish. I roto ia ratou, kia tuhia te reira "Lel me Polel" (1887), me te te "pou o Society" (1894). Rua mahi haamo'e mahue oti.

Tino faahiahia rite te korero Ivana Franko "pokiha Farbovany" (tikanga "farbovany" "peita"). I roto i tona whakamārama o te animator cartoon Soviet whakahaua e Alexander Ivanov whakapumautia i roto i te tau 1953. "Pokiha kua oti te" Ko tetahi o nga mahi tino rongonui o Ivanov.

E rave rahi Ukrainians mohiotia kiriata i huaina "Iawana Berkut". parau te reira i te aamu o te pakanga o te iwi haere noa-aroha ki te tukino pāpori me whakaeke. Ko roto i tenei kiriata e pā ana ki te kainga Carpathian. haere te wahi ki te mahi, "Iawana Berkut" Ivan Franko.

whakakitea Ivan Yakovlevich ia i roto i te whakaari. Tona tākaro "tahae oaoa" i auaha hoki tona wa. A i tenei ra titiro reira rawa hou. I roto i te tākaro "oaoa tahae" tuhituhi te ora te utuafare, e titiro hari. Heoi, ko te hapu e wawahi iho i mua o te mataitai. I tīpakohia te scene o te pa Ukrainian porowini. takoto te aroha Classic tapatoru i roto i te pokapū o te wahi o tenei mahi. Te ora o te iwi e toru Kapi tonu - Anna, tana tane me tona aroha Michael Mykola. semeio hae, tinihanga, te aroha, te mate tūturu me pohewa, te tatarahapa, me te patu tangata "aranga" - te tākaro ki te tahu i te hihiritanga kore iho ki nga ngaahi tulama o Shakespeare.

ngā mahi translation

I roto i tona ora, mahi Franco i whakamāoritanga o mahi ngā o tuhinga ao. Ana whakatutukitanga i roto i tenei mara he tiketike rawa. Translation o no ki reira, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi whare pukapuka katoa.

He tino whānui o ngā hua e kua ngā Franco ngā. Ana whakamāoritanga ngā te hanga o Kariki onamata, Arabic tahito, tuhinga Indian tawhito; rotarota tawhito nga Karari. Ko te tuhinga hou, kia tuhia te reira "Faust" e Goethe. whakamaoritia Ivan Franko reira i roto i 1882. I hiahia i roto i te tahi atu Tiamana ko Wīwī, Polish, Ingarihi me te Italian mahi ia.

I roto i te whakamāoritanga Franco - pukapuka katoa tohi o K. Havlicek-Borovsky ko A. S. Pushkina. O te whakawhiti tuhipoka mahi huringa motuhake hanga hītori Roma i tahito. mahi Ivan Franko ki runga ki a ratou i August 1915 ki Maehe 1916, arā, te whakamutunga o nga tau o te ora.

Me kï reira e whakamaoritia ia ki German waiata iwi Ukrainian, me te āwhina M. S. Grushevskomu te hanga i tētahi putanga Tiamana o te "History o Ukraine-Rus". Ehara i anake mahi toi taunga Ivan Franko. tohua tona haurongo te moni i roto i te tuhituhi pūtaiao, me te rongonui i runga i ngā kaupapa ngā ki ai i te kōrero ia ki te-doma 1870-80. whakaaro Ivan whai hua ratou i roto i te whakaako i te iwi Ukrainian.

Acting rite te folklorist

Mai te timatanga rawa o tona mahi toi i hiahia i roto i te pakiwaitara Franco. whakaputaina te korero patupaiarehe tuatahi i roto i tona tuhi i roto i 1876. "Whakatauki Galician-Russian" me "Studio o waiata iwi Ukrainian" riro te whakatutukitanga tino nui o Franco i tenei mara. Kua whakaputaina Ivan maha pūkete taketake, me te pakiwaitara, me te rangahau. I tua atu, tuhia e ia he raupapa o waiata iwi.

French rite te kōrero pukapuka

I roto i te maha ngā huarahi haere te mahi Ivana Franko i te hītori o te tuhinga. Ko te tuatahi o enei - kaupapa hītori. Ko te paetae tino nui i roto i tenei aronga - Franco tuhituhinga täkutatanga, ka awhina i 1895. Ko te aronga tuarua - te kohinga, ako me te whakaputanga o mahi ngā o tuhinga Ukrainian. Here Me kï reira kohinga o Franco "Good me Legends i Manuscripts Ukrainian." kitea Ivan a whakaputaina te hanga Ivana Vyshenskogo, e pā ana ki i tuhituhi e ia he maha o akoranga. Ia whakaputaina ano mahi o Taras Shevchenko, Fedkovych A. Świdnicka me ētahi atu kaituhi Ukrainian. Ko tētahi atu wāhi i roto i i mahi ai ia Franco - tuhi mahi waihanga i runga i te hītori o te tuhinga Ukrainian.

ngā mahi Outdoor

hanga pūkenga Galician Young i roto i 1890 te Russian-Ukrainian Radical Party, arahina e Ivan Franko tae noa ki 1898. Tenei rōpū piri ki te aronga hapori. tohe ia ki te hoko i te māngai o te porowhita whanui o nga kaimahi.

ka Ivan Franco i 1895, he kaitono i roto i te Pāremata o Viennese (te Rōpū Radical) i roto i te pōti Mostiska - Dobromyl - Przemysł. I te 1898 ko ia he kaitono i roto i te tahi atu pōti - Skalat - Zbarazh - Ternopil. Heoi, i runga i ngā wā e rua Ivan Franco tonu kua kore i pōtitia.

Franco i roto i 1899 ka haere mai i te Party Radical, hanga ia, ka tomo ki roto ki te rōpū ā-motu-manapori Ukrainian. Ka rite ki te hua, ngaro nga Radicals rangatira mana, me te kore National Democrats i riro i te mana nui. kahore e Franco i roto i te puranga hou o ngā mahi motuhake kitea. I muri i te ia mutu ia te pakanga tōrangapū, me te tino arotahi ki runga i ngā mahi pūtaiao, me te tuhituhi.

Whakarāpopoto ake

Ivan Franko, kua kōrero i roto i te tuhinga nei haurongo, ko te kaituhi, me te rohi pehe o tona karangatanga. Heoi, e kore i taea e ia mau ki te mataara i te āhuatanga tōrangapū i roto i to ratou whenua. Heoi kihai i tukua e ia ki a ia hei te kaituhi tika. kaha a hihiko whakaae Ivan Franko mo tetahi mahi, i, i roto i tona whakaaro, kia whai hua hoki te iwi Ukrainian. Na reira, e rave rahi mahere tuhituhi kihai a taea ite Franco, whiti me te tuhi i kākā he āhukahuka pai-tika ana. I roto i te tahi mau mahi lyrical, amuamu tiwerawera to tatou hero e kore i taea e ki te ite ratou whakaaro katoa i roto i te tuhinga e ia.

Heoi, mea ïa no te mea o te mahi Tukupü Franco, ka taea e tatou te mea e ko te reira tetahi o nga kaihanga o te hou iwi Ukrainian. whakapumautia tenei e te meka i whakaaturia John Y. i runga i te banknote hāhi 20 hryvnia. O te akoranga, whakaatu ana tenei meka e he tino nui hoki te iwi Ukrainian tona ahua. Mai 1992, takoto ana te whakapakoko Ivana Franko te i runga i te banknote uara par o 20 hryvnia. e rave rahi taime Ko tōna hoahoa i puta ke, engari noho tonu te ahua o Franco i wahi.