HPP Zhigulevskaya: hītori, whakaahua

kua Zhiguli tipu huringa kua he moemoea o te kāwanatanga Soviet i te tino ata o te whenua. Ko te mahere tīmata i roto i te 30raa, a nui-tauine pai hanga i roto i te record wa i muri te Pakanga II o te Ao. History Zhiguli huringa tipu - he tetahi o te whārangi o te ahumahi o te haumaru pūngao te Soviet Union ko Russia o tenei.

Mai i te whakaaro ki te tīmatanga

Kua te whakaaro o hanga Zhiguli huringa tipu i roto i te 1910 kua tukuna ki te kaipūkaha kāwanatanga tsarist Samara G. M. Krzhizhanovsky. Whakatinana tupu te reira i muri i anake te revolution, ka i whakaaetia ai e te mahere Electrification, i tīmataria e taua mataaro pūkaha taua, engari kua i roto i te mana o te tiamana o te Electrification kōmihana.

I roto i te wawe 30 o roto i te rohe, kei tata i te kainga o kopere Whero, timata mahi rangahau i runga i te whanaketanga o te pūmanawa pūngao o te Täingäwai. Ko te hua ko te tono ki te hanga teihana hurihiko Kuibyshev, te wahi i reira taea ki te pīkau i te ngā toru ki te tīmata i te mahi. Tuatahi i reira ko te pae hanga tata te kainga o kopere Whero. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite i te kaupapa nui-tauine Zhiguli huringa tipu i hanga tari matua. Otiia kua i roto i te tau 1940 i runga i te pae o te whakanohonga whakaarohia o te teihana whakakitea putunga o te hinu, a ko tio te hanga.

i muri i te pakanga,

I roto i te wā kaumātua i kawea ai i roto i atu haurapa 'inisititiutí "Hydroproject" ope. i kitea te pae e tika ana e tata ana te pa o Zhigulyovsk. ч . E ai ki te kaupapa, e paingia ana i roto i te tau 1949, whakatakotoria te mana hurihiko Zhigulyovskaya i i te taumata o 2.1 miriona kVt⋅ haora.

anga Construction i roto i 1950, me te tonu riro te tauine nui. Hei whakatinana mahere i whai wāhi 50 hanga me te tāuta hinonga, e pā ana ki tata tari katoa o te whenua. I roto i te pā ana ki 130 ngā whare me bureaus hoahoa, taputapu supply me wāhanga whai wāhi i roto i neke atu i te 1,300 wheketere hoahoa pae me te whare i whai wāhi. whakaritea te tino o te hanganga o te whare i I. V. Komzin, riro hoki te whanaketanga me te whakatinanatanga o te kaupapa nui-tauine te taitara o Hero o-pāpori Reipa.

ngā wāhanga o te hanganga

HPP Zhiguli - he whare pou-pakanga nui, i hiahiatia te roopu o te ōhanga ngoikore te nui nui o te hōpuni me ngā rauemi. whakatau te take ki ngā rauemi tangata i tino uaua - i roto i te nuinga o nga kaihanga i herehere mo whakapumautia Kuneevsky ITL, Glavgidrostroyu kaimahi ki te Tāhuhu o roto o te USSR ratou ihirangi.

Akiritia kamaka i runga i te taha matau o te Täingäwai mo te hanganga o te whaea i tīmata i roto i te hotoke 1950. whakaaro te rā e pā ana o timatanga o te hanganga te ki kia February 18, 1951, ka oti ia te neke i te whenua tuatahi o te heke mai o te rohe poka. Ko taupū HPP pae hanga Zhigulevskaya. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakatinana me te whakatere i te tere o te mahi i te pae unuhia te pai katoa i te tikanga kau.

I roto i te Hōngongoi 1951 timata te hanga o te kuwaha o raro, me te kaha te tipu raima i runga i te taha i mahue o te awa. I roto i te puna o 1952 tīmata te hanga o te waru kiromita spillway piriti i roto i te roa, me i roto i te raumati te reira te wā ki te hanga kuwaha o runga hurihiko mō te kaipuke. I roto i Hakihea o te taua tau i whakahau ano ia i roto i te matatini hōhipera.

tere whakatere

hanga HPP Zhigulevskaya tere vitiviti, i ētahi wā mō ngā haora o te mahi pai ki runga ki te 20 mano mita pūtoru o raima, i ko he lekooti noa i ngā paerewa ao. I roto i te Hakihea 1952, i timata te mahi i runga i concreting te raro o te kuwaha o raro, ki tonu e rua nga marama i te ora ahurea o te kaihanga - i hoatu ki te mahi karapu hinu hou i roto i te kainga o te mara Sunny.

I roto i te Paenga-whāwhā 1953 tīmata kohatu, me te whakato macadam mongamonga ia, nga hua o nei i 30 i tono Hōngongoi kua i roto i te hanganga o hurihiko whare teihana mana. oti te turanga o te pereti katoa Zhiguli huringa tipu i roto i Hōngongoi 1954. ka haere mai te hītori o te whare te wāhi tino nui - te hanganga o te whaea. I homai e te tīmatanga e August 15, 1955, ka anga ai ki te īnaki o te taha maui o te Täingäwai, i faaho'i he whaea oneone mō te 2 marama. I roto i te Oketopa, i haamauhia ki te poka te wai awa.

Inaki ki i oti te pareparenga matau o te awa i roto i te wa record, ka mau tohunga tika i runga i 19 haora mō ngā mahi matatini. Neke atu i te nga wiki e rua i muri mai, i mahi matou mo te whakakorenga o hē iti i roto i te tinana o te whaea. I roto i te Noema ka timata 1955 wai ki te whakaki i te awa ki Kuibyshev.

Kaupapa taumata wai tae i roto i reira i anake i roto i te Pipiri 1957. I te wa o te pa kaha mahi Kuibyshev awa ko te nui rawa i roto i te ao - te wāhi nohoia e pā ana ki 6000 kiromita tapawha, te roa - 510 mita, tae whanui i roto i te tahi mau wahi 27 kiromita.

pūkete

History Zhiguli huringa tipu i roto i te Hōngongoi 1955 i tohua e te irava o te oko tuatahi i roto i nga kuwaha moana raro. I roto i te Noema, i reira ko te īnaki o te awa matua o te Täingäwai, i roto i Hakihea oti timata te tāutanga o te wae waipēhi tuatahi tona mahi arumoni. whakarewahia te atu kotahi tekau ma tahi wae huringa i roto i te wā 1956-1957. Ko te tuatahi piriona kirowati-haora i riro i roto i te nuku 1956. whakaaro te rā o te otinga o te wāhanga hanga matua te ki kia 14 Oketopa 1957, ka kua tukuna nga kapohau katoa HPP hiko ahumahi.

Tāuta i ia kaha mīhini huri hiko o 150 mano MW e pā ana ki te marama, i muri i te whakauru ia ratou ki te mahi ka reira mārama e whakawhanake kapohau ki te kaha ki runga, ki te 115 MW. Ka rite ki te hua o ngā waeine anō-tohu i kawea, ka tāuta kaha hurihiko nui haere ki te 2.3 GW.

Kua whakahaua tautooraa muri katoa ki te hanga o ngā whare whakahaere i te hanganga teihana me whakaurunga pāpori Zhigulevsk me Stavropol. HPP Zhiguli - he hanganga ahurei, hanga te pūnaha wai hoki katoa i roto i whitu nga tau. I roto i tenei wā, i meatia ai tata 200 miriona mita pūtoru o pukepuke, whakatakotoria e pā ana ki 8 miriona mita pūtoru o raima, tāuta 200 mano toni o ngā hanganga whakarewa me te taputapu.

te faaohiparaa i

i whakatuwheratia mana Zhiguli tipu huringa i runga i August 9, 1958 i roto i te oro'a hanahana i roto i te aroaro o nga tangata tuatahi o te USSR. Te ra i muri mai, whakaingoatia te teihana i te Täingäwai hurihiko Power Station ki te taumahi o Lenin. He maha ngā kaiuru o te hanganga i riro tohu kāwanatanga. Nga mahi i runga i te hanga o nga herehere kua tukua ki te mohoao i te murunga, etahi noho iti te wa o te taviniraa i te rerenga.

Na roto i te timatanga o Akuhata 1966 Zhiguli huringa whakato whakawhanakehia he whakamaharatanga 100 piriona kirowati-haora o te hiko. I roto i te wā taua i reira ko tetahi aunoatanga pūnahanaha o tukanga mana katoa i te teihana taea noatia te mutunga o te te 70 ao hou nui-tauine o te taputapu i kawea i roto i.

Ki te huringa o te pūnaha ōhanga i roto i 1993 ke reira te mana o te teihana: rite ki te hua o te faaapīraa o te kamupene ka he iti kamupene tūmatanui. I roto i te 2001 ka HPP Zhigulevskaya wahi o te kamupene "Täingäwai huringa Cascade". Mai 2003, te teihana mana hurihiko ko te kaiwhakarato o te hiko ki te mākete rarawe, e hokona 15% o te pūngao i hanga, i ētahi atu rauemi e wātea ana ki te mākete e hānga ana whakaritea.

hurihuri

Ki te rā, te rangatira o te teihana ko te kamupene e pupuri ana "RusHydro". Zhiguli tipu huringa - he moenga awa hurihiko, nga whakaurunga katoa e no ki te piha haapiiraa tuatahi o te solidity tenei. Ko te hanganga o te hanganga ngā:

• teitei pāpuni oneone o 52 mita (whanui - 750 m, roa - 2800 m).
• whare teihana hurihiko 700 mita te roa.
• aia Spillway 980 mita te roa.
• raka Shipping.

Ko te tiketike o te huringa tipu Zhiguli i te wahi whaea ko 40.15 mita, kua he teitei o 81,1 mita whare mana. I te tihi o te whaea i whakatakotoria rerewē me te rau huanui karere Moscow - Samara. ч . kaha Station ko 2320 MW, ka pupuri i te putanga mana toharite te i 10.5 piriona haora kVt⋅. ч , и 4 машины мощностью 120 МВт⋅ ч . Ko te ruma mīhini 20 rawa te ki wae waipēhi momo tārere-vane, 14 o nei i te kaha o 115 MVt⋅ h me 4 mīhini i 120 MVt⋅ haora.

ao hou,

I roto i te 2010 kua hainatia te kamupene "RusHydro" he kirimana ki Oao "Power Machines" mo ao hou o ngā waeine waipēhi. E Pipiri 2017 riro whakahou 19 waka, whakaritea te otinga o te matatini katoa o mehua e mo Whiringa 2017. Ko te mehua tangohia ki te whakahou, ka whakanui i kaha o te tipu ake ki te 2488 MW te tahua.

Ka rite ki te whare tuatahi, a ka te patu i tenei ra tipu te mana tipu huringa Zhiguli. teihana Whakaahua, pāpuni me te matatini katoa o hurihiko faauru faatura mo te poto o kaihoahoa me kaihanga.