He aha te mea Tuhiwhakairo? Ko te hītori o te Tuhiwhakairo

I roto i te ao i teie mahana-Tuhituhi ko te toi o ataahua tuhituhi. He aha te mea Tuhiwhakairo, mohio kore katoa. ako ētahi kura me teitei whare mātauranga o Tuhiwhakairo me tonu ki te ako rite te kaupapa motuhake. Ko te nuinga o te iwi, te whakatupuranga rawa teina, a kihai i whai i tetahi whakaaro e pā ana ki te tuhituhi ataahua, me te huatau.

Ko te putanga i roto i te ao o te Tuhiwhakairo

He pārekareka, me te rerekē ngā kōrero Tuhiwhakairo. Hoki te wa tuatahi, ka anga te wā ki te whakamahi i roto i te rau tau XVI i Europe. I roto i tenei wā, ka mohiotia he whakapakoko ataahua, me te ngingila o kupu rite Tuhiwhakairo. Heoi, ko te 16 senituli mua katoa, kei te tipu tonu te toi o te Tuhiwhakairo. Ko te iwi onamata i noho i roto i te ana, e tohu ana i te momo o ngā tauira i runga i te kohatu. Neke atu i te wa, i whakakapi i te tauira e tohu, a i te ingoa cuneiform he kāhua tuhituhi.

Na BC IV mano tau i roto i Ihipa i tahito ra i reira ko tuhituhi kōkōwai, a i roto i te BC III rau ka anga te reira ki te maminga te rārangi pū whakapaipai Kariki. tau katoa i roto i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te ao i reira i nui noa atu te momo hou o te tuhituhi. Kua i te mutunga o te rau tau XI i Itari, i taea e huaina tuhinga tuhituhi kikokore, me te ataahua Tuhiwhakairo. I roto i enei wa o o Europe tata katoa e whakamahia ana te kāhua Gothic o tuhituhi, e kua he maha nui o ngā ōritenga ki Tuhiwhakairo.

I roto i te whenua rerekē, whakawhanakehia tuhituhi calligraphic rerekē me i rerekē wā wā. I roto i nui o te whanaketanga o tenei toi tei runga i ka puta te tuhituhi i roto i te iwi.

Tuhituhi i roto i te iwi Slavic

He aha te mea Tuhiwhakairo - ako iwi Slavic i roto i te rau tau XV. I roto i te 846, no te te tātai reta tuatahi te Silaví. I whakahaerehia tēnei e āhua Byzantine, i hiahia i roto i nga mea katoa i ki te kauwhau Karaitiana i tuhituhi.

Mōhiohio e pā ana te takenga o te Silaví tuhituhia he moka rawa, engari te kaiwhakatū whakaaro tuhituhi e rua teina Constantine me Methodius. ui Moravian Prince Rostislav Constantine ki te waihanga i te rārangi pū mo nga Karaitiana, me tona teina Methodius, e i taua wa ko Rector o te ohu whakapono Siu, kua whakaae ki te āwhina ia ia.

I roto i te XV timata rau ki puta te ataahua tuatahi whakaaro o te momotuhi - te tuhinga. Muri ia - motu kāhua teratological me te reta. Ko pea kāhua Teratological nga tino ataahua, me te rerekē. e whakaaturia ana tahi Letters ki te momo o te kararehe, me te manu. i taea e te reira i rua kararehe ngā me te pohewa. Whakapaipai kanohi rau mura ranei huri noa te pukapuka.

Ko te pātai i he Tuhiwhakairo, rite matau inaianei mea katoa, engari ko wai te mea he calligrapher me te mea e ia.

Ko wai te mea te calligrapher

Ko te tikanga e uhinga a he kaha ki te tuhituhi kalligrafichno tenei. I mawhiti tuatahi te mea te reira ki te kia: e taea inaianei te kī tenei tikanga? I roto i tenei tau o te hangarau rorohiko, he iti me te iti iho te whakamahi o te tuhituhi i runga i te pepa iwi. I muri i te katoa, he tata tetahi ētita kuputuhi maha momotuhi rerekē, me tonu kawea hou, me te hou. Heoi, te hanga i enei momotuhi ko calligraphers toi.

Calligrapher - he kaitoi ko te toi me te kaituhi i roto i te tangata kotahi. I tčnei wā ko reira tino rongonui ki te taea ki te tuhituhi i roto i te Tuhiwhakairo. Tenei pūkenga homai e tetahi he tohu o te tupuranga pai, me te huatau. I roto i nga hapu o ara te iti whiriwhiri mohio he aha te Tuhiwhakairo.

Kei te whakapono te reira e kua he āhuatanga tuhituhi calligraphic, me te i tetahi atu mahi whakaaroaro. Ko te tangata e he faingamālie ahurei ki "haere atu ki a ia" mo te ia, me te rumakina e ki te ao o te toi. e kore te Tuhiwhakairo tikanga faingataa, a ako pehea te reira e taea ngā katoa.

Ki te ako Tuhiwhakairo, e kore e hiahia ana ngā pūkenga motuhake, me te ringaringa ataahua, engari he mea mahi pakeke. I roto i te iwi pehi ki te rawakore pūkenga nekeneke pai he pea ki te tupu tenei. Ko reira e minaminatia, o te akoranga, ki te hunga e hiahia ana ki te ako Tuhiwhakairo, i taea ki te utu pai, ka i he whakaaro pai. I roto i tetahi take, tamata ki te ako pehea ki te whakaatu nehenehe ia reta he utu.

ako Tuhiwhakairo

tuhituhi Calligraphic whai wāhi te whakamahi o te pene me te mangumangu. Heoi, i mua i te hoko koe i te taputapu katoa e tika ana, kia tamata koe tou ringa te pene. Tīpakohia te momotuhi e rite koe (pai ki te ka te mea tetahi o nga momotuhi māmā), ka whakaora koe te tātai reta o tenei kāhua o te tuhituhi. Katoa ra e hiahia koe ki te rēhita i te iti rawa kia kotahi reta. ka karanga tenei momo o te Tuhiwhakairo te horihori.

Ko atu uaua atu i mua Tuhiwhakairo Artificial, mai te mea e tika ana te thickening ki te mahi i nga mea katoa i ahau. Nā ki te meka e te pene kua he matamata (rite te ātete ki te pōro i te kakau), he māmā ake ki te waihanga reta calligraphic.

A, no te whakawhanakehia ia momotuhi reta, te reira te wā ki te ako ki te ngā, me te whakapaipai i. Titiro, titiro rite pūhui i roto i te momotuhi tīpakohia, ka ngana ki te faahiti ratou. A, no te iti whakawhanakehia Tuhiwhakairo tāwhaiwhai, ka taea e koe te haere tonu ki te pene Tuhiwhakairo.

Utauta mō te Tuhiwhakairo

Ka rite ki te tikanga, mo te tuhituhi te whakamahi i te pene me te pene taata tei: na kua manakohia reira i roto i te Tuhiwhakairo Pākehā. Ko Eastern Tuhiwhakairo hiahia ki te whakamahi i brushes. Ko te ngā tino Feathers: tuhu, whānui-mutunga, pānui. Hoki tīmata i roto i tenei mea te pai ngā waka tohu ïa. Ka taukei ratou, ka taea e koe te neke i runga i ki atu momo o huruhuru.

Kaua e kino ki te tiki i te pukapuka motuhake, me te ki ako Tuhiwhakairo. He ia he tahora motuhake, e ka waiho nui māmā ki te ū ki te ōwehenga o te pukapuka.

I roto i te ao hou i runga i te whata e taea kitea e koe he pene mo te Tuhiwhakairo, tohu, a tae noa taua matau-me pehea rite Windlass (pene ki te matamata pene). Otiia e kore e ti'a ia tatou ia e wareware e ko te reira tonu uaua ki te tahi mea ki te whakakapi pene me te mangumangu.

Ako

Ko te tino nui ano hoki Tuhiwhakairo Ako. I roto i te ako o te Tuhiwhakairo kia ata, he hāneanea. Kia tino ki te noho whakamarie ki tou tika, me waewae hoki. I runga i te ringa-kore kia hinga pikaunga matua, ia kia rewa ki runga i te ringa tuhituhi te pukamahi. Ako Tuhiwhakairo taea anake e i roto i te ata oti, me te au i koe - ko te tikanga tino nui e pā ana ki e kore e tatou e wareware tenei.

Tuhiwhakairo mo nga tamariki

He aha te mea Tuhiwhakairo mō ngā tamariki, me te ranei e hiahia ai ratou? Kore, ko te whakahoki, ko te - ae! haapii Tuhiwhakairo tangata papaki tona manawanui, me te marino, e te rite te aha hapa i roto i ngā tamariki tokomaha. I tua atu, i te ako o te Tuhiwhakairo i roto i te ringaringa o ngā tamariki e hāngai. Ko te reta i roto i te pukatuhi kura whiwhi te nui ano rite te tamaiti whanake pai pūkenga nekeneke.

E ai kura ringaringa hei whakaatu ki te rota: i te huru, te huru hinengaro, te whanaketanga hinengaro. oroko tamaiti Tuhiwhakairo Ataahua maha rori i roto i te heke mai.