He aha te mea te pūnaha ārai mate? A he aha te mea e tika ana?

Ko te pūnaha ārai mate o te tangata - he kohinga o ngā pūtau, te kopa, me okana e he kawenga mō te whakarato tiaki ki microorganisms ke me matū, me te ratou ake pūtau, kua pakaru nei ira hōtaka (hei tauira, ngā pūtau puku). I roto i te take i reira i roto i tenei pūnaha reira ko tetahi kino malfunctions ranei, arata'i tenei ki te mate o te rauropi katoa.

Wae o te pūnaha ārai mate o te tangata

Ki te rā, māngai te pūnaha ārai mate te tangata kei te rite te huinga o te whai ake okana, te kopa, me ngā pūtau:

1. Ko te whēkau lymphoid pokapū (ngā lymphoid o te tāpiritanga, lymphoid ngā kopirua, ate fetal, wheua wheua, me te thymus).
2. O whēkau lymphoid piringa (kōateate me waitinana kōpuku).
3. pūtau ārai (monocytes, lymphocytes, polynuclear pūtau ma toto, Langerhans pūtau, me ētahi atu).

I roto i tenei take, mo te mahi noa o te pūnaha ārai mate e nui katoa nga pūtau, te kopa, me okana. pūnaha whēkau (kūnatu, urogenital, me ētahi atu) Kei te makona kaha whakawhirinaki i runga i te taumata o te wātea i te mate. I roto i taua take e heke ai i roto i te tikanga o te whakanui ake i mōrearea o te whanaketanga o etahi mate hopuhopu, me te te takanga o rua puku mārire, me te mārere. Nā tēnei, te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana e whai wāhi nui i roto i tona ora noa.

Nahea te pūnaha ārai mate?

kawea te whakautu ārai ki te whakataki o te moroiti i roto i te utu o ngā pūtau pērā i leukocytes. haere mai ratou i roto i te maha o ngā momo: neutrophils (wero, segmented, basophils, me eosinophils), monocytes me lymphocytes (B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes me NK-pūtau). Ko te reira i te tuatahi ki te tae neutrophil kookuhutanga pae mate, me te timata ki te whakangaro microorganisms ke. I te wa ano te mahi e ratou i te mahi pai ki te huakita. Ki te tomo te tinana wheori, he reira nui atu whai hua ki ēnei pūtau.

I tua atu i te meka e taea ki te pehi i te nuinga o nga microorganisms mohiotia te pūnaha ārai mate te tangata he, te reira tonu e taea "mahara" tokomaha o ratou i roto i te take o te re mate-e ratou fekuki ki te takeo nui tere (me ki iti parekura mo te rauropi).

Me kï reira e te pūnaha ārai mate, he rawa pai, taea ki te faaitoito pānga kino i runga i te ora tangata. Kei te tino mārama whakakitea tenei i muri i okana transplantation. Ko te meka Ko e tika ana ki te meka i te pūnaha ārai mate kite kiko kaituku okana rite ke, maha puta he tauhohe o te pato'iraa. Ka rite ki te hua, iwi i ki te kawe i roto i rangahau me tau o tatari mo te kaituku tika matatini. I tua atu, i te pūnaha ārai mate ētahi wā inhibits te wahine mau i roto i tona parāoa toa, no te mea, ano, tīmata ki te whakaaro manene ratou, ka mōrearea ki te tinana. Ka rite ki te hua, i reira te mea he immunological pera-ka karanga incompatibility i waenganui i hoa. Ki taea e tenei rua hanga ratou ake tamariki te wahine, kua ki te tango raau taero immunosuppressive. I roto i taua take, ki te he rH toto kino me te kukune te whaea - he pai, i roto i te hapūtanga tuatahi, e taea te kano reira. Ka rite ki te hua, te tamaiti i muri, ki te hoki ka waiho e ia te kaimau o tauwehe pai rH, kia kia i raro ki tenei whakaeke i te pūnaha ārai mate o tona whaea, e arata'i ki te whanaketanga o te tikanga ka makona ratou taimaha-whakawehi, rite te kukune me te wahine ia.