He aha te mea te ōwehenga makuku me pehea te mea i whakaritea?

Ko te huringa wai i roto i te āhua - he reira tetahi o nga tukanga tino nui i roto i te kōpaki matawhenua. Kei te hāngai te reira - tukanga e pā ana e rua: makuku rerenga mata o te whenua, me te whakaetonga reira ki te houku huru. Rua o enei tukanga e whakaritea ïa tauwehe moisturizing mo te rohe ngā. He aha te mea te ōwehenga makuku me pehea ki te tautuhi? Ko te kupu tenei e kia kōrero i roto i tenei pepa ma.

take moisturizing: Definition

rohe Humidification me te whakaetonga o te makuku i tona mata, puta noa i te ao i roto i rite te wahi kotahi. Heoi, ko te pātai kei te dampening e take i roto i nga whenua rerekē o te ao te whakatau i roto i te ara tino rerekē. Na te ariā i roto i te waihanga i taua e manakohia i whenua katoa. Hei tauira, tenei "ōwehenga rerenga-whakaetonga" i roto i te United States, e taea te mooni whakamaoritanga rite "Index (ōwehenga) mākū me te whakaetonga."

Ko tonu, he aha te take dampening? Ko te hononga tino i waenganui i te nui o te ua, me te taumata whakaetonga i roto i tenei rohe mo te wā motuhake o te wā tenei. Ko te tātai mō te tātai i tēnei ōwehenga he tino māmā:

K = G /,

te wahi Q - nui o ua (i roto i te mitamano);

A me - te uara o te whakaetonga (ano i roto i mitamano).

Various huarahi ki te whakatau i te ōwehenga

Me pēhea te ki te whakatau i te take makuku? I reira, i reira e pā ana ki te 20 ara rerekē.

I roto i to tatou whenua (rite te pai kia rite ki te mua Soviet Union), te tikanga tino whakamahia nuitia o te whakatau i te whakaarohia Georgiem Nikolaevichem Vysotskim. Ko te tino pūtaiao Iukereiniana, geobotanist me te oneone pūtaiao, te kaiwhakarewa o te pūtaiao o te ngahere tenei. I roto i tona ora i tuhituhi e ia hau atu i te 200 pepa pūtaiao.

E tano ia tapao e whakamahi i roto i Europa, me i te United States Tortveyta tauwehe. Heoi, he matatini atu te tikanga o tona tātai me he ona ake drawbacks.

Whakatau i o te take

Hei whakatau i te auau hoki te wāhi ngā kore he uaua. Whakaaroa tenei tikanga te tauira e whai ake nei.

Hoatu wāhi, mo e hiahia ana koe ki te tātai i te tau whakarea o makuku. Kei te mohiotia te reira e mo te tau e tango i tenei rohe 900 mm ua, engari evaporates i reira i roto i te wā wa taua - 600 mm. Hei tātai i te ōwehenga kia wehea rerenga i runga i te whakaetonga, i.e. 900/600 mm. Ka rite ki te hua, whiwhi tatou i te uara o 1.5. Tenei ka waiho i te take dampening mo te rohe.

Ivanov-dampening kia rite ki te kotahitanga tauwehe Vysotskiy, ki kia raro i runga 1. Ko te kupu, ki te ranei:

• K = 0, ka whakaaro te makuku mo te rohe e rawaka;
• he nui ake te 1, te makuku te taikaha K;
• K Ko iti iho i te 1, te hydration iti.

Ko te uara o tenei tohu, o te akoranga, ka whakawhirinaki i runga i te pāmahana i roto i te wāhi ngā, me te te nui o ngā rerenga kōhauhau mo te tau.

He aha whakamahi tauwehe moisturizing?

Ivanov-tauwehe Vysotsky - ko te tohu tino nui o te āhuarangi tenei. I muri i te katoa, he taea ki te hoatu i te pikitia o te wāhi supply wai ia. Tenei ōwehenga ko te pau mo te whanaketanga o te ahuwhenua, me te mo te whānui whakamahere rohe ōhanga.

Ka whakarite hoki te taumata o te maroke o te āhuarangi: te teitei ko reira, he takawai te āhuarangi. I roto i ngā wāhanga ki te nui te houku kua tonu kua he nui o ngā roto, me repo. nuinga te otaota e te maania, me te otaota ngahere.

Ko te uara mōrahi o te tau whakarea ulungāanga mo te wāhi maunga (runga ake i 1000-1200 mita). Here, rite ki te tikanga, i reira he he i te taikaha o te houku, e taea tae 300-500 mitamano ia tau! Ko te nui ano o te makuku kōhauhau whiwhi rohe steppe mo te tau. Tau whakarea o te makuku i roto i ngā rohe maunga ki runga ki nga uara mōrahi: 1.8-2.4.

Kei te kitea hoki makuku nui i roto i te taiga tūturu, Tundra, Tundra ngahere me te hitahita ngahere te hōtoke. I roto i ēnei wāhanga, kaua e nui ake 1.5 ōwehenga. I roto i te rohe ngahere pae reira i 0.7 ki te 1.0, engari i roto i te rohe steppe kua rohe makuku iti (K = 0.3-0.6).

uara iti mākū, āhuatanga o te wāhi āhua-koraha (e pā ana ki 0.2-0.3) me mo te rohe koraha (0.1).

Tau whakarea o makuku i Russia

Russia - he whenua nui, āhuatanga nei i te te whānui o ngā takiwā makariri momo. Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te ōwehenga Hydration, tona uara i roto i Russia rerekē whānui i 0.3 ki te 1.5. Ko te makuku tino kino iho kitea i roto i te rohe o Kapiana (e pā ana ki 0.3). I roto i te koraha, me te rohe ngahere-steppe ko paku teitei - 0.5-0.8. hydration Mōrahi āhuatanga-Tundra rohe, a hoki hoki ngā wāhi maunga Caucasian, Altai Ural Mountains.

Na e matau ana koutou ki ta te dampening tauwehe. Ko te tino he tohu nui, e whai wāhi tino nui mo te whanaketanga o te ōhanga motu, me te ahuwhenua tenei. tei ana tēnei take i runga i rua uara o te nui o te ua me te evapotranspiration rōrahi mo te wā motuhake o te wā.