He aha ko te pūtaiao? Methods o Sciences Natural

I roto i te ao i teie mahana i reira he mano o sciences rerekē, pekanga mātauranga, wehewehenga, me ētahi atu wae hanganga. Heoi, he wahi motuhake i roto i te katoa noho te hunga e e pā hāngai ana ki te tangata, me mea katoa e karapoti reira. Ko te pūnaha o sciences tūturu. O te akoranga, e nui hoki te tahi atu pekanga katoa. Ko tenei rōpū kua he rawa tawhito takenga, me te, na reira, o ngā faufaa i roto i te iwi o mo'uí.

He aha te mea pūtaiao?

Ko te whakahoki ki tēnei pātai he māmā. Ko nga pekanga e e ako hauora o te tangata, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te taiao katoa enei: te oneone, te huru, te whenua rite te katoa, te hanganga, te āhua, matū e hanga ake te tinana katoa ora me te kore-ora, o ratou panoni.

Ko te ako o tikanga tūturu i ngā ki te iwi mai i nga wa onamata. Ki te maka o te mate, i te mea te reira i roto i te tinana, he aha te whetu whiti, a he aha tohu ratou, me te miriona o enei take - ko tenei te mea e fa'ahinga hiahia mai te timatanga rawa o tona tupu. Pahonoraa ki enei a hoatu ako āta whakaaro.

Na reira, ko te pātai e ko te pūtaiao māori, whakahoki ta'e. Ko reira ako e Akoranga āhua me mea ora katoa.

whakarōpū

He maha ngā rōpū nui, e no ki te pūtaiao māori:

1. Matū (tātari, organic, pararopi, aronui, fizkolloidnaya matū, matū o pūhui organometallic).
2. Koiora (anatomy, whaiaroaro, huaota, te mätai kararehe, iranga).
3. Ā-(ahupūngao, matū tinana, tinana me pūtaiao pāngarau).
4. Tikanga whenua (tātai arorangi, astrophysics, te arorangi, astrochemistry, wāhi koiora).
5. Ko te pūtaiao o anga o te whenua (maatauranga wai, huarere, mineralogy, paleontology, geography tinana, te tātai).

He tika pūtaiao taketake Here. Heoi, i te reira'oku totonu ke mahino e ia o ratou kua ona ake iti-tekiona, te ahumahi taha me tūhono pekanga. A, ki te whakakotahi e koe katoa o ratou tahi, ka taea e te tiki e koe i te whānuitanga katoa o sciences māori, taua i roto i nga rau o ngā waeine.

I roto i tenei take, e taea te wehea te reira ki ngā rōpū nui e toru o ngā kaupapa:

• tono;
• whakamārama;
• tika.

Ngā pāhekoheko i waenganui i te kaupapa

O te akoranga, e kore e taea e kore tetahi ako tīariari i roto i wehe i te ētahi atu. Ko katoa o ratou i roto i te tata ngā tahi ki tetahi ki tetahi, hanga he matatini kotahi. Hei tauira, te koiora o te matauranga e kua taea ki waho te whakamahi o te hangarau hangaia i runga i te ahupūngao.

I roto i tenei tauiraa i roto i mea ora ki te ako kore he taea kahore mohio o te matū, no te mea nga tinana - ko te tauhohenga wheketere puta ki te tere rahi.

Kua takina tonu te hononga o te pūtaiao māori. Mua, e te whanaketanga o tetahi o ratou āhuatanga tipu kaha, me te haaputuputuraa o te matauranga ki tetahi. Ka rite ki hohoro timata ki te tūhura whenua hou, ite i te motu, ngā wāhi whenua, na kua whakawhanakehia kotahi me te kararehe, me te huaota. I muri i te katoa, i kapi kāinga hou (ahakoa kahore katoa) o te mau melo i mua unknown o te tangata. Ko te kupu, tata hono tahi geography me te koiora.

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te tātai arorangi me te pekanga e pā ana, e kore e taea e kore ki te whakahua i te meka i whakawhanakehia ratou e ngā āhuatanga pūtaiao i roto i te mara o te ahupūngao me te matū. Construction o te karu whātata te nuinga whakatau te angitu i roto i tenei rohe.

Tauira o taua papatipu. whakaatu ratou katoa te whanaungatanga tata i waenganui i nga tikanga taiao katoa e hanga ake kotahi rōpū nui. Kei raro whakaaro tatou nga tikanga o te pūtaiao māori.

tikanga rangahau

I mua i te noho i runga i nga tikanga o te tūhuratanga whakamahia e te pūtaiao i roto i te pātai kia tautapa nga taonga o ratou ako. Ko ratou:

• iwi;
• te ora;
• ao;
• mea;
• Earth.

Ia o enei taonga he ona ake āhuatanga, a me whiriwhiri etahi tikanga mo ratou ako. I roto ia ratou, ka rite ki te tikanga, ko te whai ake:

1. Kitea - tetahi o nga ara tino ohie, whai hua me te tawhito ki te matau i te ao.
2. Whakamātau - te pūtake o te matū, te nuinga o ngä pütaiao koiora, me te tinana. Āhei ki a koutou te tiki i te hua, me te mo ki a reira faaoti e te pūtake ariā.
3. Tauritenga - hāngai ana tēnei tikanga i runga i te whakamahi o te matauranga mua putu i runga i te kaupapa ngā, me te whakatairite i ratou ki te hua. I runga i te tātari mutunga auahatanga, te kounga, me te tahi atu āhuatanga o te ahanoa.
4. Analysis. Tenei tikanga e taea ngā whakatauira pāngarau, systematics, whakatau mahi. More maha atu i kore ko te whakamutunga i muri i te raupapa o ētahi atu akoranga.
5. Inenga - whakamahia ki te whakatau tata i te tawhā o ngā motuhake whakaoho me āhua popohe.

He hoki te tino tata, tikanga rangahau hou e kua whakamahia i roto i te ahupūngao, te matū, rongoā, mataora me te engineering ira, iranga, me ētahi atu pūtaiao nui. Ko ratou:

• hiko me te taiaho Microscopy;
• centrifugation;
• tātari matüora;
• X-ray tātari hanganga ;
• spectrometry;
• tūrara me ētahi atu.

O te akoranga, e kore te mea he rārangi ngaio tenei. He maha whānui o ngā pūrere momo ki te mahi i roto i nga rohe o te matauranga pūtaiao. titau mea katoa he huarahi takitahi, a reira i hanga he huinga o ngā tūāhua mahi, mīhini tīpakohia me taputapu.

Rapanga Modern o Pūtaiao Natural

Ko te raruraru matua o pūtaiao taiao i te wā nei o te whanaketanga - ko te rapu mo te kōrero hou, te haaputuputuraa o te ariā i roto i te atu i roto i-hohonu, hōputu kukū. I mua ki te timatanga o te XX rau tau te matua raruraru kōrero kaupapa ko te aroraa'ofa fakaetangatá rāngai.

I teie mahana, Heoi, he kore hāngai te faataupupuraa, no te mea kua mohio te taata te faufaa o te kōmitimiti whitinga ki tahae te matauranga o te tangata, te natura, wāhi me ētahi atu mea.

Na, i mua i te taiao huringa marau pūtaiao utu he raruraru rerekē: me pehea ki te tiaki āhua me te tiaki i te reira i te pānga o te mahi a te tangata, me te ōhanga? Na ko te akina tino te raruraru:

• ua waikawa;
• pānga kōtuhi;
• whakangaromanga o te pekerangi;
• te ngaro o te tipu me te kararehe momo;
• parahanga rangi me etahi atu.

koiora

I roto i te nuinga o te wā, te whakahoki ki te pātai "He aha te mea pūtaiao?" mai tonu mahara ki te kotahi kupu - koiora. he whakaaro taua i roto i te nuinga o te iwi e kore e nei e pā ana ki te pūtaiao. A ko reira whakaaro tino pono. I muri i te katoa, he aha e kore he reira koiora tika, a te tino tata hono āhua me te tangata?

nga pekanga katoa e hanga ake tenei pūtaiao, e hāngai ana i te ako o ngā pūnaha ora me ratou pāhekoheko ki ia atu, me te ki te taiao. reira i te mea tino noa e whakapono reira Ōmataora te kaiwhakarewa o te pūtaiao māori.

I tua atu, i te reira ko ano hoki tetahi o nga tino onamata. I muri i te katoa, te moni o iwi ki a ia, tona tinana, e tata ana otaota me ngā kararehe ahu mai ki te tangata. Ki te pā tata te ako taua ki te iranga, rongoā, huaota, te mätai kararehe, anatomy. hanga ake enei ahumahi katoa koiora i roto i te whānui. hoatu ratou tatou he whakaaro tino o te āhua me te o te tangata, me o ngā pūnaha katoa e noho ana me te kaiao.

Matū me te Ahupūngao

Enei faufaa rahi i roto i te whanaketanga o te matauranga e pā ana ki te tinana, matū me ari tūturu o te pūtaiao e kore e iti iho i tahito ra i te koiora. Kua tipu hoki ratou ki te whanaketanga o te tangata, hoko tona taiao pāpori. Ko te whāinga matua o enei pūtaiao ko te ako o nga tinana katoa o Whakahākori me te āhua popohe i roto i ngā o te tukanga tupu i roto i a ratou, i to ratou hononga ki te taiao.

Heoi, Whakaaro i te ahupūngao o te taiao tītohu, huarahi, me te ratou take. hāngai Matū te i runga i te matauranga o ngā matū, me ratou interconversions ki ia atu.

Ko te aha te pūtaiao māori.

sciences whenua

Na rawa, whakarārangi nga kaupapa e tukua ki te ako atu e pā ana ki to tatou whare, ko tona ingoa - i te whenua. Ki te hunga ngā:

• tātai;
• mātai huarere;
• climatology;
• rūri;
• hydrochemistry;
• cartography;
• mineralogy;
• seismology;
• pūtaiao oneone;
• paleontology;
• nukupapa me ētahi atu.

E pā ana ki 35 pekanga rerekē. Fakataha, ako ratou te ao, tona hanganga, ngā āhuatanga me ngā āhuatanga, e te mea pera e tika ana ki te ora, me te whanaketanga ōhanga.