He aha e pūmua? Whakatau i o hanganga, hanganga

Pūmua he matū o te take mai waro. Pūmua - nga āhuatanga faufaa tino mo mea ora. waerau Nonperiodic ngā pūmua ki e rerekē i te tahi atu waerau.

tawhiti te pūmua tuatahi i roto i te puka o te pumuawiti i 1728 te Italian Jacopo Bartolomeo Beccari, e ora ana i roto i nga tau 1682-1766, i hanga i te paraoa witi. pumuawiti horoia Ko te rewakore matatini i roto i glutens wai, ki nei he pūmua. Mai i taua wa i timata ai te ako o te pūmua.

Ko te hanganga o te pūmua rāpoi ngota

E hangaia ratou rāpoi ngota i rite engari rerekē waetahi - 20 waikawa amino. Ia o ratou kua tona ingoa ake, hanganga me ngā āhuatanga. Rāpoi ngota hangaia i tona motuhake tuwhena, me te noa ki te wae katoa, e ngā he rōpū amino ki ngā āhuatanga kawakore, me te rōpū carboxyl ki ngā āhuatanga waikawa. Te aroaro i roto i te kotahi rāpoi ngota o te rōpū e rua whakatau ratou tohu teitei o te tauhohenga.

E hono ana ēnei rōpū nui-hauota-kei roto taonga organic, hanga nga waerau pukapuka, ki nei he pūmua. Ko te tukanga ko e whai ake: kua herea te rōpū amino o tetahi waikawa amino me te carboxyl i hanga i tetahi atu muingota wai te, me te irahiko noa, he here peptide. Na e hanga e polypeptides. Tetahi e taea te hanga i te tinana tangata ki te awhina o ngā pūtau - te mahi o te pūmua.

biosynthesis pūmua

biosynthesis Pūmua - te take matua o Biochemistry. Deciphering reira kua he wahi ariā me te mahi nui. Hoki pūmua biosynthesis ngā whakatutuki taua take nui rite whakapapa, rerekētanga, urutaunga, kōwhiringa tūturu, te putanga o momo hou o ngā kaiao ora, te ako o te mahi faufaa o te tikanga mana o kaiao.

Biosynthesis i roto i te taka rongoā

Ko Knowledge o te tukanga biosynthetic pūmua o faufaa rahi mo te hauora, i roto i ngā - mo te rongoā, whakarato he whakamārama mo te putanga o mate ira, solves te raruraru o te ārai me te maimoatanga. Kei te whakamahia te reira mo te ariā o taero rongoā, tae atu ki ngā antimetabolites. E whakamahia ana ēnei taero ki te aukati i te pūmua tukanga biosynthetic i roto i te matepukupuku: antimutagens tiaki DNA i irakētanga; radioprotectors e tiaki te waikawa karihi i te huringa radiation.

tauturu Pūmua biosynthesis ki te whakamārama i te mau parau tumu o te pānga o taero, pērā i paturopi, inhibitory i roto i ngā wāhanga ngā o te biosynthesis pūmua i roto i microorganisms me huaketo.

E pā ana ki pūmua?

Pūmua, te pūmua ranei e taea e o kararehe takenga huawhenua ranei. He aha ki pehea pūmua pā? He puna nui o pūmua - otaota matomato, soy hua, purapura, nati me pini. A, no te pau te kararehe te tipu kai, ka i roto i tona tinana tahuri ki te kararehe pūmua huawhenua. Na reira, ka kitea te pūmua kararehe i roto i te kai, te waiu, hua raw. He tangata whai i te whiriwhiri ki te whakamahi i te kai tipu kararehe ranei taonga i roto i te pūmua.

Assimilability o ngā pūmua

O te akoranga, te pūmua i roto i te rōpū kotahi rerekē i roto i o ratou āhuatanga. E ai ki etahi pūmua e pā ana hua, te mea he digestibility rerekē. Kei te hohoro etahi digested ka tere ake te pākia, i ētahi atu kia haurangi noa rauropi. Fakakaukau ki he me'a matū he pūmua.

Ko te rangatira i roto i nga pūmua e e hohoro riro, ko te hua manu. he tika ki te kai i muri i te īngoa reira, no te mea e kore e te hua manu waiho i muri i te apa o te ngako, pērā i ētahi atu pūmua o mai i te kararehe.

Fish - puna pai o te pūmua, he ngāwari ki te ngaungau i te reira, a e kore e meinga pouri i roto i te kopu. Ki te whakaaro ki te kai kararehe, ko reira he rangatira undoubted i roto i te maha o te pūmua ia 100 karamu, me te ki te kai koe i 250 karamu o te kai, e tango to tatou tinana he auau rā o te pūmua. Ko heihei e rave rahi whakarere tona ihirangi pūmua, engari he reira kikokore, me te käore he pänga.

No nia i te pūmua huawhenua, te rangatira ko te meatia, i roto i te mea tata te ihirangi pūmua te taua rite e o te hua manu. kia tapiritia reira ki to ratou kai o purapura nati, te pūmua ōrau e tae uara o te heihei, engari no te mea o ratou ihirangi pūngoi teitei kia āta pau.

Whakamahi o pūmua, te warowaihā me te ngako i roto i te kai

Ki te koe huarahi kai tōtika i te mana'o o te pūtaiao, te tangata kahore e rapu utu motuhake ngā kai me o ratou āhuatanga mo te tipu, me te ora o te rauropi. Tenei rōpū e toru o matū: pūmua, te ngako, te warowaihā. Me kia hakari i roto i te nui motuhake ia ra katoa o ratou, te kore e kore e mahi tika ai i roto i te tinana, me te hauora rawakore. Ano, i reira te mea etahi hononga ki waenganui i enei matū, e me piri.

tūtohu me'akai ki te hanga i tō kai, i homai te ture e whai ake nei: 15% pūmua, 20% ngako, me te 65% warowaihā. O te akoranga, tenei rahi toharite: tei reira ki runga ki te rauropi motuhake, tawhā tipu, te taimaha me te tau o te tangata. Na reira, kia tau tuakiri kia takoto i te tohutoro ki te mātanga kaiako ranei.

mahi pūmua

pūhui koiora High-rāpoi, he aha e kua pakaru iho ki waikawa amino, e tomo ki roto ki te toto, me te faaо ia te tinana nga pūmua, me whakamahia e ia a ratou ki te hanga i ō rātou pūmua. kua ka e te tinana uaua kaha ahua ka rongo, me te ataahua, he mea e tika ana ki te kapi kai pūmua. Kati o ratou i roto i ika, me te kai, hua, me te tīhi, ngā rekiumu me ngā hua hoi. kia hāngai Kaute kai i runga i te uara o ia rā o te kai katoa, me te whāinga.

Ko te hunga e hiahia ana ki te papu ake uaua, he mea e tika ana ki te whakapiki ake i te rōpū o te pūmua, me te ngaro taimaha kia whakaiti kohi o ngā kai warowaihā me te ngako tiketike. Pūmua, te ngako, te warowaihā ko te puna matua o te pūngao, me te kaha. I te toharite, he tangata ki te kai hauora, me te whakaū i te taimaha hauora, e hiahia ana koe ki te tango i ki pūmua kai, te ngako, me te warowaihā i roto i te taua rahi: 90-110 / 90-100 / 250-300 g hoki ngā tamariki aua tau i te moka iti.

hua Pūmua me te mahi tuari rā:

• heihei, korukoru, ham kikokore - 75 g;
• poaka, reme, mīti - 45 g;
• ika fatty - 30 g; ika kikokore, kaimoana - 60 g;
• pini, he pi - 2 tbsp. l.;
• pēkana - 1 poro o kikokore;
• rakau ika - 2 RW;.
• humu ngako-iti - 1 tbsp. l.;
• hua manu - 1 pc;.
• nati - '15

E hanga uaua i te pūmua, a kia kia mohio ki te pupuri i te reira te kai tangata, no te mea te mea he puna o te kaha. E digested pai ika me te heihei pūmua. Foods pērā i te pīni, purapura katoa, me soybeans i roto i hoki pūmua, me, ano, he nui iti o te ngako, kihai e ërä ratou i muri tiihi me hua miraka.

Interesting e pā ana ki pūmua

Neke atu i te 4 piriona tau ki muri i runga i te ao whenua i iti pararopi rāpoi inexplicably puta pūmua, i meinga te takenga mai o te ora. mea ora katoa te tīariari tika ki te rāpoi ngota pūmua ahurei, me ētahi atu momo o te ora i roto i te ao, ko te tonu unknown ki pūtaiao.

1. hanga katoa rauropi ora te o pūmua. noho ratou a tawhio noa 50% o te taonga maroke o tetahi o nga rauropi. Kei roto huaketo pūmua i 45 ki te 95%.
2. Tata 30% o te pūmua tangata mai ki uaua, e pā ana ki 20% - i roto i te wheua, me uaua, me e pā ana ki te 10% - i runga i te kiri.
3. E 1012 pūmua rerekē, rauropi ora-hoatu i ngā taumata katoa o te whīwhiwhi, i wheori ki te tangata.
4. Ko te pūmua hoki - Brain. Kia mahara te reira e, runga ki te tukanga o te pūmua denaturation ka ingested te waihā, mate pūtau roro.
5. Ko tōna ingoa pūmua e hiahiatia ana ki te hua manu pūmua, he reira matara atu i whakamahia te iwi onamata i rite te wae kai.
6. Ko te tūranga o te pūmua i roto i te tinana te kanorau tino, ka taea e ratou te mahi kia rite ki whākōkī. Pepsin - he paru e wawahi iho pūmua ki waikawa amino i roto i te tinana.
7. Pūmua i te pānga tiaki. Interferon - he pūmua e whakaora te tinana tangata ki te whawhai ki huaketo.
8. Ka taea e pūmua te tākaro i te tūranga o hormones, ko te tauira o te taiāki huka taiki. whakahaere te reira i te urunga o te kūhuka ki te pūtau.
9. Pūmua actualize raruraru pūngao mō te tinana.
10. Kei o te pūmua parakore Hair.

hanganga pūmua

E 4 o whakahaere mokowā o ngā rāpoi ngota pūmua:

• tuatahi - hanga e te here peptide, whakatau reira nga āhuatanga o te rāpoi ngota pūmua;
• he tuarua, he te āhua o te puna e totoro, hanga o te peptide me hauwai here (iohere, whao, makawe, pungawerewere pūngāwerewere);
• peihana-āhua tuatoru, hangaia o peptide, hauwai me te disulfide here (whākōkī, paturopi, hormones);
• Quaternary - tito o ārepa me mekameka peta (pūtoto).

whakaritea te waehere ira te ki ia pūmua, e pupuru ana ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te mea hanga kia tangohia reira, engari te iranga, me te kore e taea ki te tia'i i te waehere tuatahi o tona hanganga mokowā. Ki te whakahaere i te pūmua, he mea e tika ana ki te riporipo ake i roto i te ara tetahi.

He mea nui ki te mohio e roto i ngā kai pūmua, he aha te reira me te nui me te reira ki te kai. Te aha? A no te mea te pūmua, tahu i roto i te tinana, e whangainga reira he rota o te pūngao. I reira i muri i tiketike-pūmua kai, ite tatou i te puhake o te kaha, ara hanga pūmua ia o to tatou uaua, me te hanga i te tinana ataahua, me te hauora. No nui iti ko te meka kotahi e tauturu pūmua ki ngaro taimaha ranei mau tonu taimaha i muri i te ngaronga taimaha.

Products e pā ana ki pūmua

mohio No kai miharo pūmua rite te hua tino i roto i me'akai, no te mea Ahatia te tinana i runga i te tukatuka o kai pūmua te rota o te pūngao, e pā ana ki 5-10% o Calories riro.

Rārangi o te nuinga o ngā hua pūmua.

1. I roto i te hua kei 17% ngāwari pūmua he pänga. Me'akai tohutohu ki te tango i te hua ki te kai i muri i te mahi, engari kaua e nui atu i te 2 wae ia ra mo te hë o te uaua kiko. I roto i tenei take, te hua manu - he reira he hua ki te pūngoi iti.
2. Iti tīhi pahī ngako ngā 25% o te pūmua, he reira käore he pänga.
3. Hard tīhi ko e pā ana ki te 30% te pūmua, engari reira Me mahara te taua ia ko rawa tiketike-pūngoi atu, tetere atu ia He, te iti iho i te reira kei te pūmua.
4. kai heihei - te puna matua o te kai kai, pera me te ihirangi caloric o tona iti, me te pai digested. Kei kai heihei i 15 ki te 20% pūmua.
5. Beef Ko te hua iti-pūngoi, me ohaoha ki te pūmua. kotahi noa te mahi tuari o mīti hiroki kei pā ana ki 22 karamu o te pūmua.
6. Kei ate o 25% pūmua. Ko te kohua, ka tatao tino whai hua, mai te mea taonga i roto i te tahi atu huānga faufaa.
7. Kei roto i ētahi momo pūmua ika ki te 25%, pērā i tuna, haramono, tawatawa. Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei ika i roto i te kai, kahore te wehi ki te tiki pai.
8. Ko te momona i roto i te hua pūmua o te tipu whakaaro te ki soy, kei reira 14% pūmua i roto i te reira, i te feia faatere o te o te huawhenua - tupu brussel (9%).
9. Pata Kei roto i te iti rawa 10% pūmua, e pai tonu riro e te tinana.

te reira hua matua e pā ana ki pūmua. Ko te rārangi aroaro e te konei ko tawhiti i oti, engari e ki pūkete nga hiahia taketake o te pūmua o te tinana.

mutunga

Me te tinana tangata pūngao tonu. Ahakoa i roto i te moe, ko te tinana i roto i te nekehanga: manawa tatou, mahi te ngakau, e whakahoutia pūtau o te tinana, nga tukanga matū e kore e mutu puta. E titau te pūngao tenei: tiki matou i te reira na roto i te kai, me te horokai, kai. Te kai kei matū e tika ana ki te whakamahi i ngā tikanga matatini o ngā tukanga ora. He warowaihā, pūmua, te ngako, te wai, te tote, te muka, ngā kohuke me ngā huaora. I roto i nakunaku te tinana e nga āhuatanga e tika ana, a ka tangata whakakahoretia o huānga faufaa.