Haurongo Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha. Ko te kainga tupu tuhi o te kaituhi

Me Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich kahore whakataki. Tenei kaituhi nui, me te kaituhi mohiotia hoki te ao katoa. Haurongo Bulgakova aroaro Mihaila Afanasevicha i roto i tenei tuhinga.

kaituhi Origin

whanau Bulgakov M. A. ko May 3, 1891 i roto i Kiev. he pūkenga ana matua. mahi tona whaea i roto i Karachai kaiako progymnasium. Ko toku papa he kaiako (hoatu tona whakaahua kei runga ake). I puta ia i te Kiev Theological Academy, mahi ia i roto i reira, me te i roto i ētahi atu whare mātauranga. I roto i te 1893 ka Athanasius Bulgakov te kaiwhakamātau rohe Kiev. Ana kawenga ngā aukatinga o mahi tuhituhi i roto i te reo ke. I roto i te utuafare, e rima tamariki i ko Mikaera.

te wā o te whakangungu, mahi i roto i te hōhipera mara

kia whakaaro te reira i roto i nui taipitopito o te kaituhi rite Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich, biography. Ripanga o ngā rā e pā ana ki tona ora, te āwhina te hunga e whakaturia atu ki te kitea i te takenga mai o tana mahi, me te ki matau nga peculiarities o tona ao i roto e kore e anake. Koia matou whakaaro ki a koe te pānui i te haurongo taipitopito.

ako te kaituhi heke mai i te Alexander Tuatahi Gymnasium. he tiketike rawa te taumata o te mātauranga i roto i tenei kura. I roto i te 1909, ka tomo Mr Mikhail te University Kiev, i muri nei i mahara ki te riro i te rata. I roto i 1914 te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao.

I puta ia i te Whare Wānanga i te tau 1916, mahi Bulgakov i ngā hōhipera mara (i roto i Kamenetz-Podolsk, a i muri i te ia - Cherepovets). I haamana'o ia i te mua i roto i Mahuru 1916 ka Bulgakov upoko o Nikolskaya hōhipera tuawhenua kei roto i te kawanatanga o Smolensk. He tau i muri mai, i roto i 1917, i whakawhitia Bulgakov ki Vyazma. Ka rite ki whakapumautia i roto i 1926, "Notes o te kuao tākuta" kitea tenei wā o tona ora. Ko te protagonist o te mahi ko te tākuta pūmanawa, kaimahi ihupuku. I roto i te āhuatanga ngali Aue whakaora ia tūroro. Ko te tino pouri i te āhuatanga pūtea uaua o peasants ite ore e noho i roto i nga kainga o Smolensk te hero. Heoi, ite ia e kore e taea e ia te huri i tetahi mea.

Revolution i roto i o Bulgakov te whakarau

whawhati ora noa Bulgakov te revolution tanguru. Kua faaite Bulgakov tona huru ki reira i roto i tona tuhinga 1923 "Kyiv-City". tuhia e ia e "ohorere a ri'ari'ao to" "ka haere mai te aamu." te revolution

I te mutunga o te Oketopa Revolution Bulgakov i tukua i te whawhai. ka hoki ia ki tona Kiev Māori, e, kāore, i hohoro nohoia e te Tiamana. Here werohia Mr Mikhail ki te wanawana i o te Pakanga Civil. Bulgakov ko he tākuta rawa pai, he aha e hiahiatia ana ratonga i te taha o ngā taha e rua. Young tākuta i roto i tetahi āhuatanga noho pono ki te mau mana'o o te humanism. Āta tipu poauau i roto i tona wairua. kihai i taea e ia te haere mai ki ngā ki te faito o te ma, me te Petliura. I muri, kitea enei whakaaro i roto i te pūrākau o Bulgakov "Te White Guard" me rite i roto i ona kōrero, "Po i te toru o nga tau," "Raid" me te whakaari "Flight" me "ra o kapohau."

pono kawea Bulgakov i fatongia o te tākuta. I roto i te mahi, i ia ki te waiho hei kaiwhakaatu ta'e'ilo ki nga hara i i mahia i te mutunga o 1919 i roto i te Vladikavkaz. kihai i Bulgakov hiahia ki te kia whai wāhi atu i roto i te whawhai. mahue ia nga rarangi o te ope o Denikin i te tīmatanga o 1920

Ko te tuhinga tuatahi me kōrero

Na ka whakaritea e ahau ki kore mahi rongoā roa Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov. haurongo poto tonu te reira mahi rite te kairīpoata. ka anga ia ki te tuhituhi tuhinga e i whakaputaina i roto i te nūpepa ā-rohe. oti tona kōrero tuatahi Bulgakov i te ngahuru o 1919 taua hotoke hanga ia e rave rahi tuhinga Sapphire, he maha o ngā kōrero. I roto i tetahi o ratou, ka karanga "Tribute ki faahiahia," parau Bulgakov te kōrero o pakanga huarahi i tangohia e wahi i roto i Kiev i roto i te revolution me te Pakanga Civil.

Whakaari hanga i roto i te Vladikavkaz

Taimi nounou i mua i te ma i mahue Vladikavkaz, paipa kirika kino Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov. haurongo Poto o ia ko tino whakaari tenei wa. I roto i te puna o 1920 i whakahokia mai e ia. Heoi, kua tomo nga hōia Army Whero te pa, a kihai i taea e Bulgakov heke, i te mea rawa rite. Ko reira tika te hopoia ki hanga whanaunga ki te tikanga hou. Katahi ka anga ia ki te mahi tahi ki te komiti pāhoro, i roto i te Sub-Division o Toi. hanga Bulgakov mongamonga mo te Ingush me piu Ossetian. whakaata ēnei mahi ana whakaaro i runga i te revolution. ko poto-ora, tuhituhia matua ki te ora i roto i ngā āhuatanga uaua tēnei rōpū. I roto i te pūrākau o Bulgakov "nota i runga i te Holy" kitea ana mana'o o Vladikavkaz.

Moving ki Moscow, mahi hou

I roto i te Tiflis, a ka i roto i Batumi taea neke Mikhail Bulgakov. Tona koioranga, Heoi, ka mau te ara rerekē. mohio Bulgakov e te wahi o te kaituhi i roto i te wa uaua mo te whenua - tata ki te iwi. Haurongo Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha i 1921 tohua te nekehanga ki Moscow. Tona tuhinga i roto i te puna o 1922 whakaputaina wā i runga i te whārangi o makasini me nūpepa o te pa. Ko te tuhinga roa me te tohitufa Sapphire kitea nga tohu matua o te tau e ora ai pou-hou. Ko te ahanoa matua o pūhohe Bulgakov ko "te waikura o te nép" (i roto i te kupu atu, te hou taonga-nepmen). Tenei te mea e tika ana ki te mōhio i taua pūrākau Bulgakov rite te "Cup o Life" me "Trillioner". ko ano e ia i te mau melo hiahia o te iwi whānui ki te taumata iti o te ahurea. kaihokohoko te Putahi, nga tangata o te pa ā o Moscow, bureaucrats me ētahi atu rangatira, Heoi, Mr Mikhail ka kite he āhuatanga hou i roto i te whenua. Ko te kupu, i roto i te kotahi tuhinga roa, tuhituhi e ia te huru o ngā hou i roto i te mata o te tamaiti kura e haere ki te putea hou waitohu i runga i te huarahi.

Ko te kōrero "Ko te Fatal Hēki" me ngā āhuatanga o te auaha 1920

Ko te kōrero i whakaputaina "te Fatal hua" Bulgakov i 1924. E te reira i wahi i roto i te heke mai tata pohewa - i roto i te 1928. I tenei wa kua kitea nga hua o te nép i. I roto i ngā, kua nui haere te paerewa o te ora tino (i roto i te pūrākau, i hanga nei e Mikhail Bulgakov). e kore e haurongo o te kaituhi amo mohio taipitopito ki tona mahi, engari mahi te wahi o "Te Hēki Fatal" tatou ā tonu i roto i te tono mai. hanga Ahorangi pītiti te kitea nui e taea kia o painga nui ki te taata katoa. Heoi, i roto i nga ringa o whakakake, iwi āhua-matatau, oranga māngai o te taero hou i raro i War Communism, me i te tau o te nép ki whakakaha tona tūranga, ko reira te kitea o te ati. Tata nga pūāhua kōrero katoa o Bulgakov, hanga i roto i te 1920, kore. I roto i ana mahi, e whai ana te kaituhi ki te kawe i ki te kaipānui te whakaaro e kore he rite ki te tango huarahi hou o ngā hononga e hāngai ana i runga i te whakaute mō te matauranga, me te ahurea, ki te mahi pakeke te hapori.

"Rere" me "ra o kapohau"

I roto i te whakaari o Bulgakov "Flight" me "ra o kapohau" (1925-28 gg.) Whakakitea Bulgakov e pūkenga kino ki mana katoa, te hunga i muri ia atu i roto i te Pakanga Civil. Ko nga toa o enei mahi he māngai angamaheni o te "poto hou" pera-ka karanga. Tuatahi, he rānei tūpato e pā ana ki te Revolution ranei whawhai ki reira e ratou. MA Bulgakov ia e pā ana ki tenei paparanga hou. ka mea tenei ia ki te katakata i roto i te tuhinga āhuatanga ui "Capital i roto i te pukapuka." I roto i te reira, tuhia ia e te intelligentsia hou, "rino". Ko reira, e nehenehe o, ka tapatapahia rawatia rakau, taonga me te kaipuke, a ka ki te whai wāhi i roto i te X-ray. Bulgakov tuhia e whakapono ia e ka ora i te reira, e kore e ngaro.

Patua i runga i Bulgakov, Stalin Up

Me ahau mea e pahono tonu Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich (haurongo me tona mahi ki te whakaū i tenei) maitai ki huringa i roto i te hapori Soviet. I rawa inoino ia i te whakamanamana o te whakawa he, i ruarua ia te tika o etahi mehua. Ko whakapono tonu Bulgakov i te tangata. Ki te ia māharahara a ruarua ana pūāhua. ka kite a faaino te, kino. Patua i runga i Bulgakov rahi i roto i te 1929. Kua waho katoa o ana whakaari i te wāwāhi o te whare tapere. Kia i roto i te āhuatanga uaua, i takoha Mr Mikhail ki te tuhituhi i te pukapuka ki te Kawanatanga ki te tono ki te haere ki waho. I muri iho, i tohua te haurongo Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha e te hui nui. I roto i te 1930, i whakawhiwhia Bulgakov te karanga o Stalin ia. Ko te hua o tenei whakahaere ko te whakarite o Mikhail Marynich ki te pou o te kaiwhakahaere-kaiāwhina i te Moscow Art Theatre. Ano ka puta i te whakaputanga whakaari o tona whakaari. I muri i te tahi mau wa, i hanga e ia te atamira atamira o "varua Dead" i tohua e te kaituhi rite Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich, biography. Kei te ngali whakapai ake tona ora. Heoi, e kore i te pera ngāwari katoa ...

Bulgakov - he kaituhi tapuí

Ahakoa te Tuhinga waho o Stalin i te press Soviet i muri i 1927, kihai i reira he mahi kotahi o Mikhail Bulgakov, ki te haunga o te irava i te tākaro "Run" ( "Seventh Dream") i roto i te tau 1932 me te translation o "e takare" a Moliere i 1938 Case e whakaurua Bulgakov i roto i te rārangi o ngā kaituhi rāhuitia.

He aha atu he haurongo faahiahia Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha? korero poto e pā ana ki te kore i te mea ohie, no te mea tohua tona ora i na maha ngā nui, me ngā meka ngā. Kei te mea te reira e, ahakoa nga fifi katoa, kihai i whakaaro ki te kaituhi ki te waiho honau fonua tupu'angá. Ahakoa i roto i te wā uaua tino (1929-30.), Reira kihai i tata haere te whakaaro o te hekenga. I roto i tetahi o ana pukapuka uru Bulgakov e wahi atu, ki te kahore te Soviet Union, he e taea, no te mea unuhia ana i reira faaururaa mō te kotahi tekau ma tahi nga tau.

Ko te pūrākau "te Ariki ko Margarita"

Bulgakov i 1933, tamata ki te whakaputa i tona mahi "te Life o Monsieur de Moliere" i roto i "Mo'ui o People faahiahia" raupapa. Heoi, i taka ano ai. I muri i taua, e kore ngana ia ki te whakaputa i o ratou hamaniraa noa tona mate. Kaituhi oti rawa katoa ia ki te hanga o te pūrākau "Te Ariki, a Margarita". Tenei mahi ko tona paetae rahi, me te ki tetahi o nga mahi pai o te tuhinga Russian me ao o te rau tau 20. Kotahi tekau ma rua tau o tona ora Bulgakov hoatu te mahi ki runga ki taua mea. ka haere mai te whakaaro o "te Ariki ko Margarita" i ia i roto i te mutunga o nga 1920 hei whakamātau ki te tikanga taumauri me toi o mooni hapori. Kaituhi whakaaro putanga tuatahi tutuki o te hua. Neke atu i te nga tau, i pupuri Mr Mikhail e hoki ana ki te pūāhua, e ngana ana i runga i pakanga hou me scenes. Anake i roto i te 1932 ka hokona te faaoti wahi o tenei mahi, i matau te kaituhi o nei ki te katoa (Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov).

haurongo tonu o Bulgakov tā whakaaro o te uara o tona mahi. Koia matou korero e pā ana ki taua.

hanga Uara Bulgakov

Whakaatu e meake te kaupapa White kei ki te kore, e tino ka haere te intelligentsia ki nga Whero (te pūrākau "Te White Guard", te tākaro "Flight" me "ra o kapohau"), e ko te iwi whānui i roto i te ati, ki te ahurea me te morare ka whai i te tika ki te tangohia i runga i ētahi atu tangata e pūkeke tana i pai ai ( "ngakau o te Dog"), hanga Mr Mikhail he kitea i i whakaurua ki roto ki te pūnaha o ngā uara motu o to tatou whenua.

He aha atu te mea ngā Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich? Biography, meka ngā pā ana ki taua mea, me tona mahi - i runga i te katoa whanau te pane o te mamae mo te tangata. Ko tonu tenei ongo moku, Bulgakov rite te whai o nga iho o tuhinga Russian, me te ao. ka mau anake Mr Mikhail te tuhinga e whakaatu ana i te mamae o marohirohi tūturu. Humanism ko te matua wä o nga mahi o Bulgakov. Ko tata te rangatira pono o tenei humanism me kaipānui aroha tonu.

Ko te tau whakamutunga o tona ora

I roto i ana tau whakamutunga kihai i Bulgakov ongo'i e i mea pakura, tona ora auaha. Ahakoa te meka i tonu ia ki te waihanga kaha, mahi tata tae Bulgakov kaipānui nāianei. wahia te reira i raro Bulgakov. mauähara o tona mate, ārahi ki te mate wawe. mate Bulgakov i Moscou i runga i Maehe 10, 1940 Ko te inaianei oti haurongo Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha, engari he tahuti ore tona mahi. E tanumia toenga o te kaituhituhi i Novodevichy urupā.

Haurongo Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha, he whakarāpopototanga o tenei tuhinga, tumanako tatou, kia hiahia koe ki te hoko 'o maheni lelei ange ki tona mahi. Ko te mahi o tenei kaituhi ko rawa ngā, me te nui, na ko reira tino utu te pānui. Mikhail Bulgakov, haurongo, me te auaha e ako i roto i te kura - tetahi o nga kaituhi Russian nui.