Gorbanevskaya Natalia: "E kore Hei e whakama i roto i mua o ngā tamariki"

Gorbanevskaya Natalia haere atu ohorere - Whiringa 30, 2013. Tona hunaraa i roto i Paris kua kohia he maha nui o te iwi, tae atu ki ngā māngai o te maha o nga whenua Pākehā. e kore anake te kāwanatanga Russian i māngai e te tangata.

Natalia Gorbanevskaya: biography iwi pūrotu

I roto i te Hakihea 1969, i te hopu Natali Gorbanevskoy, whanau i roto i te 1936. pehe Talented Natalia Gorbanevskaya i 1963 puta i te manga Philological o Leningrad State University. Ko ia he kaiuru o te whakaaturanga noho i runga i Whero Square August 25, 1968 ki te whakaekenga o Czechoslovakia, te kaituhi o "Poupoutanga" pukapuka, e korero te pono e pā ana ki tenei mahi. Natalia - he mema o te rōpū kaupapa mo te tiaki o ngā tika ā-i roto i te Soviet Union. Ko ia tetahi o nga kaiwhakatū me te ētita tuatahi o "Chronicles o Events nāianei", te whaea o e rua tamariki.

rotarota whakakorehia

ko ia 17 tau tau, ka mate a Stalin i Maehe 1956. I muri i te XX Congress o te Pāti Communist, i pōhēhē te fifi o Iosifa Vissarionovicha Natalia, tūmanakohia huringa. Otiia kihai i ratou aru, engari i tukua he maha nui o herehere. A ka ko reira te pehanga o te revolution Hungarian i roto i 1956, a ka reira mārama e kua ka huri tetahi mea. Ētahi rārangi, i tuhituhia nei e Natalia Gorbanevskaya, rotarota whakatapua ki Hungary, i wahi ki te kia whakaputaina:

Chizhi waiata ata.

Ko te aha te otereti rere rite te pouri,

Maro parirau mediocrity?

Aue, tenei marama pouri i rama kōrekoreko!

I huna te tangata te ra.

tīmata te reira i katoa ki te samizdat

I roto i te 1955 ngā Natalia Gorbanevskaya o kaitito Leonid Chertnova, Stanislav ko Valenitina Krasovitskogo Khromov. Ki a ratou ko te reira taea ki te whakahaere i tētahi kōrero tuwhera, me te kore utu. Na eke Natalia ki te taiao whiti, ka tīmata ahau ki te tuhituhi iho, ka whakaputa uri samizdat. Na he mīsini taipé i waeine, na tuhi katoa i te ringa. riro Natalia tona Patopato i tona whaea, i taea e tuhituhi ia ki te tohu.

Tae kotahi ra toronga ki Anne Andreevne Ahmatovoy, Gorbanevskaya Natalia tārua te maau "Requiem" (pūranga "Memorial" pupuri i te putanga taketake o te rotarota i samizdat tāngia N. Gorbanevskaya) i te ringa, ka kua nene'i te reira i te tangata i roto i te maha kape ka hoatu i roto i iwi. Tūaritia ki te tono ki te hoki mai kore noa te kape o reira. Otiia hoki ki te hanga i tetahi atu tetahi. He tohaina neke atu i te kotahi rau kape ....

"Poupoutanga"

I roto i te Ākuhata i hanga 1968 tono i te Czechoslovak Republic i te āwhina whawhati tata, tae atu āwhina hōia, i te tirohanga o te riri ki te pūnaha hapori ngā i roto i te whenua.

Ko te mahi tino whakatakotoria ki te fakaaoao o Czechoslovakia, ko te mahi o Natalia Gorbanevskaya. Ko te whakaatu noho-iho ki kara me haki. I taua ra, i te whakaaturanga a Natalia me tana tama 3-marama-tawhito, Hohepa.

I te kāinga takoto Gorbanevskaya Natalya i raro i te samizdat moenga. Tuatahi rapu tona fare tū tonu i muri i te whakaaturanga, a ka mau te rakau katoa o te samizdat. He rapu tuarua whakahaere i runga i te ra o tona wehenga atu ki Pavel Litvinov me Larisa i Usugli Bogoras i Chuny. Ko te iwi nei kawea i roto i te rapu o Natalia, tika whakapono e riro te reira hoa waimarie i roto i tenei samizdat wā. Mai i te pukapuka o te tino Natalia: "i ahau he peketua nui me te putea. Na tata te katoa whaiaro whakaputa-, takai ahau i roto i te putea, ka hoatu te peketua iti. A, no ka tae ratou ki te rapu i ahau, te tuatahi rapu ratou te peketua, a ka whakaritea e ki te tirotiro i te sofa. hoatu e ahau te putea i runga i te patunga witi. kihai i kitea te moenga tetahi, na oho ki te ruma nui, te wahi i noho toku whaea ki nga tamariki. Lyuba Alekseeva, ko wai i roto i toku rapu, hoatu te putea hoki i runga i te moenga, a maka ia etahi kakahu. A, o samizdat tenei putea katoa i ora whakawhetai ki a ia. "

Hakihea 25, 1969 ko te puke Natali Gorbanevskoy. Ko te ngā matua o nga utu i "tuhituhia te pukapuka" Poupoutanga "me" huringa pūnahanaha i te take o "Chronicle o Events nāianei". riro te reira i te mana o "mākahi" a ka tonoa mai hoki maimoatanga herea.

I roto i te 1972, whakatau hekenga ki te Soviet Union i te tārere tonu, engari tukua Gorbanevskaya Natalia kore ki te haere ki hea i te USSR. "E kore e haere ahau ki te haere ki hea. I haere ahau ki te kia ata noho, marino, me te mahi i te tino puku te mea e taea e ahau. "

I te 1974 i tukua e ia he ärai, a ka pana o Solzhenitsyn. Natalia Gorbanevskaya: "I muri i toku hopu i ahau fare o Solzhenitsyn, rite Andrey Dmitrievich Saharov. he tokomaha nui o te iwi i te fare. Na ka waea Andrei ka mea etahi kuputuhi, me katoa o tatou te hunga i reira, i roto i te porohita, me te mea i hainatia te kuputuhi. Na te wā tuatahi i korero ahau i roto i te iwi whānui. Na i muri hainatia e ahau he reta i roto i te tautoko o Leonid Plyushch, ko wai i runga i spetslechenie i Dnepropetrovsk. e kore i taea e ahau haina taua pukapuka, no te mea i tukinotia e ia nui kino atu ahau i roto i Kazan. Na ka mohio matou e ki te ai e ahau haina te tahi mea ki te toru, ahau e kore e whai ki te tiki i roto i ".

"Ki te kore e whakama i roto i mua o ratou tamariki ..."

I te mutunga o 1975 Gorbanevskaya Natalia me ana tama tokorua i mahue te Soviet Union, a heke ki France.

I roto i te Faka'eke'eke, kotahi ui te imi Natalie aha ia uru i roto i te whakaaturanga, ka riro te whakahoki: "Ki kihai i whakama te mua o te tamariki. e kore au e ahau e mea ana e i te katoa ki te mahi i taua, engari ki tenei whakama i taea e ahau hapai i pera anake. "