Arotahi aspherical

Piro pehia maha ngā whakapaitanga me ngā whakarerekētanga i runga i nga tau, te āwhina ki te whakaoti rapanga i te kite. I teie mahana i reira ko te whānuitanga o ngā kōwhiringa o ngā ki arotahi rerekē momo. Ko te tino rongonui - ngā arotahi aspherical.

Wawe ngana ki te waihanga i tētahi arotahi o tenei momo i hanga e René Descartes i te 1620s me Constantine Huygens i 1630. āhua motu, whakawhanakehia Descartes hoki mohiotia tenei whakaaro ko rite te wāhanga tuaka.

hanga Smethwick Francis nga mea timatanga tirohanga aspherical-kounga tiketike tuatahi, a ratou ki te Royal Society February 27, 1667 aroaro. Ko te karu whātata, tae atu e toru ngā arotahi aspherical.

kiia Development o te arotahi aspherical tuatahi mō ngā mōhiti te ki Moritz von Roru. timata production Mass me te whakamahi o taua arotahi i roto i te 50s o nga whakawhetai rau tau whakamutunga ki te tuku o kāmera ataata ki kua arotahi aspheric rawa rongonui tika ki te kounga pai o te tuhi.

arotahi tikanga i te mata karaihe kōpiko. Aspherical arotahi, i te tahi atu te ringa, kua hanga ki te karaihe maka motuhake, me ahakoa whai tonu ratou i te mata kōpiko, e kore te mea te reira katoa porohita.

Tenei rerekētanga i roto i te āhua hanga ratou tika ake ki iti hape ataata atu arotahi porohita. Aspherical arotahi, whakamahia te nuinga mōhiti, engari kua whakawhanakehia e ratou i roto i te 30 tau whakamutunga ki te whakaputa i ngā whakaahua-kounga tiketike, me te rite te paerewa mō kāmera iti me camcorders.

Nā ki te rahi iti me te kaihanga waenganui te kikokore he nui māmā ki te whakatika i te āhua o te arotahi ki te waihanga, e hanga ana e ia taea ki te whakatika i te mana whatu o ia arotahi me tona mārama.

He iti te utu, me te iti atu i te arotahi tikanga Aspheric arotahi, a maha nui kounga hunga e kua hanga i roto i te āhua porohita.

I roto i tenei momo o te arotahi ki te arotahi aspherical te huna hoki i te mata mua hoki ranei (he porohita mata tuarua), me nga aspheres rua, ka "flat", me he waho, me te mata ā.

Aspherical arotahi mō mōhiti rite whakaritea ki te porohita riro he maha o ngā painga:

- mārama me whānui mara o te tirohanga whakawhetai ki te ānau arotahi kikokore e taea rangatira ki kite mārama me marama, titiro i tetahi wahi o te arotahi.

- distortion iti haere te taha (aberration);

- he perception atu taiao o ngā me te rahi o te wāhi (arotahi "Arata Kangatari" e kore e whakaiti, "me" e kore e whakanui i);

- heke taimaha mā te whakaiti i te matotoru, e whakarato ana te ako kite, kahore cumbersome arotahi porohita matotoru rawa;

- heke matotoru: i roto i te arotahi pai te kikokore pokapū me te kikokore i te mata o te iti-kore;

- kahore rahi distortion kanohi (noa puta ka titiro i te tangata i te mōhiti).

Ki te whanaketanga tere o te hangarau, ka whānui i runga i te tau torutoru mua arotahi whakapā aspheric. Ka taea te hanga ratou o te rauemi mārō ngāwari ranei, e taea te huri i te tae me te ahua o te kanohi tangata ki te whakatika i te momo o disorders kite. Ko tētahi o taua disorders he takarepa, Kei te maha i papaki mā te whakamahi i ngā arotahi aspherical.

He ratou iti me te kikokore atu arotahi auau, me tetahi wahi whakamārama tenei he aha e huaina ratou "moni" me aha to ratou he utu teitei.

Ko te kikokore Aspheric arotahi, me tenei tikanga e pai ake ratou taunga ki te ahurei o ia kanohi o te rangatira o te kōpiko, a ka pokanoa iti ki te kōhiko.

Ko te āhuatanga o tenei momo o tīwhana ko ratou utu teitei e pā ana ki te tukanga ahumahi atu uaua. I roto i te tua, he matotoru iti o arotahi aspherical tikanga e e kei ofi ange ki te mata, e te tahi mau taime ai te reflectance kitea i ngā taha e rua, e taea anake e te whakakorea e tono paninga anti-huritao ratou.