Arkhangelsk, tata ora: hītori, taonga, whakaaturanga

Ko te ōhanga Russian i roto i te rau tau XVII whakawhanakehia tere. Na, i roto i te tauranga o Arkhangelsk whakawhirinaki ko hokohoko ke. Neke atu i te hawhe o nga whakawhitinga hokohoko ke e hanga i roto i reira. Ko te pa te "mata" o te whenua ki te whenua Pākehā Western. Ko te mea kororia te whare ki facades ngahoro hiahiatia Arkhangelsk.

Gostiny Dvor he wahi ahuareka, me te hāneanea hoki kaihokohoko ke, me te Russian ka pa te raki e kore anake, engari ano hoki kua he mahi tiaki. I roto i to tatou wa, ka mohiotia e ratou te urupa ahurei o te kohatu Russian hoahoanga o rau XVII.

History o hanga

I roto i te 1667 Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich tukuna he tikanga whakaako ki te timata hanga i runga i te rohe o tata 9 heketea o whare kohatu grandiose i Arkhangelsk. Tānga matatini hoahoanga i whakaturia i te whakariterite, PG Marselis ko B. Scharf.

I aua ra, i te pa hanga i roto i te rakau, he tonu tīmata i roto i te ahi. whakangaromia te ahi he maha nui o ngā whare me taiepa, na faaoti - ki te hanga i te kohatu Gostiny Dvor. Arkhangelsk, hītori he taonga, e kore te whare i ngāwari ki te hokohoko, i hanga ai he pa kaha ki e rua te āheinga matatini: Russian ko Tiamana.

Sikueá ki te wāhi nui i roto i te pokapū i hanga te iari Russian, me te Tiamana. rite rawa te matatini e ki āhuatanga o te uara korero. Ka rite ki te hua, whatianga, hono e taiepa, pourewa me ētahi atu whare, kopakia ana e moats, tipu ki te kaha pa kohatu pa.

Ko te hanga o te pa rahi roa 16 tau (1668-1684 gg.). I roto i te 1693 a Pita tae ahau i roto i Arkhangelsk. Ora iari pa, i kite ratou mo te wa tuatahi, arahina ia ki raptures. tīmata ratou heke i roto i te rau tau XVIII, ina e whakawhiti mahi ohaoha ke ki St Petersburg. pokapū hokohoko Te Tai Tokerau, i kore i roto i te tono, ka timata ki te hu'ahu'a roa'tu.

Fakafoki o Gostiny Dvor

I roto i te 1770, i muri i te aronga o ngā whakaurunga whawhati tata, ka anga ona hangaia anō tonu. Taumaha pae ohu Russian wāwāhitanga, tonoa pereki me te pākeho papa mo fakafoki mai. marae Tiamana me te kohatu pa taiepa ngā nekehia atu katoa. vai te wahi kua ururuatia o te ohu Tiamana tae noa ki te rau tau XX. I te senekele matamua ratou wāwāhitanga rawa.

I roto i nga tau 70 o te XVIII rau paruru hanga ohaoha he āhua matarohia, angamaheni o te hoahoanga o taua wā. I roto i te 1788, i runga i te turanga hou kua ara pokapū kotahi-papa ki te pourewa, me te paruru atamai. I roto i te ruma kararehe ki te whakarite i te taonga, i hanga e te tikanga motuhake, ki te pīkau i ahi. I roto i te wa i o whakatere i runga i te pourewa poipoia haki, me te tahu rama.

Engari o Stone Town i hanga warehouses i roto i te 2 patunga i roto i te tiketike mo te waina, me te tote. Na roto i te taonga hanga i te pourewa. Ko te kaupapa mo te hanga o to ratou kaihoahoa whakawhanakehia M. Berezin. whakaritea e ia ki te tāpiri ki te Te Tai Tokerau Tower o whare rite. Otiia takoha pūtea kau, me te kore o ngā rauemi te kaihoahoa ki te whakatārewa hanga. Anake i roto i te tau 1809, ki te uaua nui te whakahaere matou ki te hanga i te papa tuatahi o te warehouses tote i waho te pourewa.

Ka ngaro te matatini taketake ki taiepa matotoru, riro Arkhangelsk Gostiny Dvor, engari i roto i te putanga taketake kore. I muri i te rau tau waenganui-rua tekau, ngaro te pa he wahi nui o te marae Russian. Mai i noho reira anake i te taha ki te hauauru o te whare i te ritenga te taha moana o te Dvina Northern.

Ahakoa tenei, i te matatini hoahoanga ki ngā hanganga pai-ka ora taua: Russian Gostiny Dvor, te pourewa i te taha ki te raki,, ka titiro kororia te rakau whakawhiti, shofom me warehouses mo te tote, kei roto i te pokapū o te tāone e tata ana te taha moana.

Gostiny Dvor i roto i te Pakanga nui Patriotic

Ka ngaro tona auraa hōia, nga tangata matatini anōtia raro take rangimarie. oho te reira i te kaunihera pa, marae, tikanga. toa whakatuwheratia i roto i ona whare. I roto i te Pakanga nui Patriotic, i whakamahia nga basements o warehouses tote rite wharau rangi-huaki. noho Local ruru ratou i airstrikes.

I tua atu, i roto i te whawhai i roto i te matatini o whare ki te whakarato wāhi noho mo te kahupapa me kōrero hub Moana White. Ko te mahi o te kōwae hōia i ki te whakarite hononga ki te Arctic me te Moana Kara.

Museum i roto i Gostiny Dvor

Mai 1981, riro te tohu hītori kainga o te whare taonga pa. Gostiny Dvor (Arkhangelsk), atu tika, ratou wahi mōrehu, ka anga ki te whakahoki āta. ngā te mahere fakafoki mai whakaora Russian marae, pourewa me whare i te taha ki te raki, i nga warehouses tote. I muri i te mutunga o te mahi fakafoki mai i roto i 2010, riro he putanga māmā o te ensemble hoahoanga nehenehe Arkhangelsk. Gostiny Dvor Ko inaianei - ko te pokapū ahurea, pūtaiao, me te mātauranga o te pa.

E hanga ona ruma whakaaturanga ngā, e korero e pā ana ki te urupa o te ahurea rawa, me te wairua o te Northern Territory. whakaatu tūturu rave rahi whakaaturanga i roto i te whare taonga: he kainga tupu ahurea-hītori o Pomerania me te ohu Russian raki. kawea e rua ruma ki te whakaaturanga whakatapua ki MV Lomonosov. Ko tētahi Kei whakaaturanga e pā ana ki te kāinga iti o te kaiputaiao ngingila i Russia, i roto i te tuarua whakaturia ake te taiwhanga.

Ko te mahi o te whare taonga hītori rohe

Hoki manuhiri maha oroko te tatau Gostiny Dvor (Arkhangelsk). whai Exhibitions tetahi ki tetahi i runga i ngā kaupapa rerekē. I roto i te taiao o te ensemble hoahoanga me te fare o te haere arahina, e kukume te aro o ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki. Whakarato mōhiohio e pā ana ki te tuku iho ahurea, me te hītori o te rohe, kawea atu amuiraa pūtaiao-mahi.

E karangatia manuhiri ki konohete o jazz me waiata puāwaitanga. Whakaraupapa wero whakaongaonga, te whakarite hakari iwi, ahiahi waiata, pōro tauira, awheawhe me ētahi atu ngā. Ko te whare taonga mau whakataetae. homai he wahi motuhake te o te whakataetae "Taleni Young". Ko ona mema o kaimahi pūmanawa mahi i roto i te toi iwi me mahi toi.