APEC - wetewaehere. Asia-Pacific Economic tahi: ko te rārangi o whenua

I roto i te ao i reira e noa he torutoru ngā rōpū te ao, me te rohe angitu pērā i, i roto i nei te wāhi pokapū takaro e te rāngai pakihi. Ko tētahi o ēnei rōpū - ko APEC. Deciphering whakapotonga oro rite Asia-Pacific Economic mahi tahi.

History o hanga

timata APEC rōpū tona oraraa i roto i te 1989. i te hiahia ōrite State-kaihanga rōpū - ki te whakaara i te paerewa o te ora i roto i te rohe Ahia-Kiwa mā te whakaongaonga i te ōhanga, me te whakapakari i hokohoko.

Tīmata hapori ki te hoatu i te ahumahi hōtaka, me te hokohoko whiriwhiringa. Asia-Pacific Economic mahi tahi ngā āhua 21. Ko Ahitereiria ko Brunei, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Indonesia ko Canada, China me te Republic o Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Aotearoa me Papua tenei - New Guinea, Peru, Russia, Singapore me te United States, Thailand ko Taiwan, nga Philippines, me te Chile me Japan.

I muri i Russia, Peru ko Vietnam kua whakaurua i roto i te rārangi o whenua whai wāhi o te rōpū (i roto i te 1997), kua whakaurua te hapori he moratorium-tau 10 i runga i te roha o te rārangi o ngā mema tūmanako o te hapori.

Rauemi o te hanganga o te rōpū

Paheko te APEC, e tangi rite te tuhinga o te Economic Community Asia-Kiwa, kihai i te tīmatanga kitea reira rite te uniana o āhua, me te he öhanga taupiri. I hāngai tuatahi te whakahaere i whakatutuki i ngā take e kore e tōrangapū, engari pono ōhanga. APEC hoki kua hanga i rite te huinga e kore e whai i te hanganga whakahaere , me te kore nei i i tu tetahi taero. Ahakoa tenei ra, te Joint Uepu, kei roto i Singapore, tae atu 23 diplomats. i whiriwhiria takitaha o te māngai öhanga mema o te kaupapa. mahi hoki i te ohu 20 kaimahi aufauhia i rohe. Ina whakaritea ki te WTO, APEC, te tuhinga o nei homai te runga ake, e kore e hāngai ai ki runga ki nga ture o te hanganga o ngā rōpū e whakarato mo te wātea o te mana ki te pravoprinuzhdeniyu i te hui o tautohetohe hokohoko.

Ko te pau o te hononga

Ko te pau o te mahi e takoto i roto i te haapa'o, me i roto i te kaha ki te tae te whakaaro. hāngai ana te tukanga o te hononga i waenganui i āhua kei runga i te utu tuwhera o ngā mōhiohio i roto i whenua me te iwi whānui. E hāngai ana te hapori i runga i te whai wāhi mā te whakakotahi mahere mahi ngā me te takitahi e te tauturu i te whakatutuki i te whāinga o ia o nga āhua. Mahere ngā pārongo taipitopito i runga i te 15 rāngai o mahi. I roto ia ratou, te utu, me te kore i ako mahi, ngā ratonga, me te haumi, paerewa, me te conformance, tikanga ngā tukanga, me te tiaki o mana whakairo hinengaro, kaupapa here i runga i te kaupapa whakataetae, me te whakahau kāwanatanga, ture tuku o taonga, me te takawaenga tika o tautohetohe, te nekeneke o te iwi pakihi, kohinga, me te kukū o te mōhiohio.

tūranga ao o APEC

hipokina Asia-Pacific Economic mahi tahi e pā ana ki 40% o te taupori. Ko te katoa te GDP o whenua katoa whai wāhi nui te ahua o 16 trillion tara, e hāngai ana ki 60% o te GDP ao. Kua riro te feia faatere APEC te mea matua mō te whakatairanga i trade tuwhera, me te tīmata i te mahi tahi ōhanga i roto i te rohe. Ko te wahi o te whenua mema whakaaro, mo te iti rawa 42% o te katoa hokohoko ao. Kua nui haere rawa nui te tūranga o te rōpū i roto i te 20 tau whakamutunga. Na te mau melo o te hapori kaha:

• hokohoko liberalized;
• whakatairanga i tetahi momo o te mahi ;
• whakarato hononga ōhanga, me te hangarau whaihua;
• e pā ana ki ngā take o te taitamarikitanga, me te wahine.

whakaaro whānui me te manakohanga

APEC, nei wetemuna kua hoatu i runga, kua hāngai i runga i te whakaaro e mahi - ko te mahi turanga, a ki te kia angitu kua reira ki te kia whakaongaonga. I roto i te tīmatanga o te mahi hapori kawea atu körero nahanaha ki te māngai pai o te wāhanga pakihi i roto i te rohe Ahia-Kiwa.

I te 1995 ka whakaritea e te reira ki te hanga i tētahi Poari Tohutohu Pakihi, i meinga he tinana matua o te hapori katoa. whenua mema APEC katoa i whakaritea ki te poari o te iti rawa 3 iwi nei i taea e faaite i te ngākau nuitanga o te pakihi motu. tihi ā-ABAC he take mō ngā māngai o tūtohutanga whānui aroaro i roto i te take e whai ake nei:

• whakatinanatanga o te tuhinga hōtaka hapori, hono nei te ki te kāwanatanga o te hokohoko e kore anake, engari ano hoki haumi tikanga;
• te whanaketanga o ngā pātuitanga ōhanga, me te hangarau;
• tāututanga o tūranga i roto i te pā ana ki te hapori o ngā raruraru pakihi.

e kore e takitaha o te pūrongo i hanga wehe i ia kāwanatanga, me i roto i te mahi tahi tata ki tohunga i ngā hanganga kāwanatanga.

Ko te kaupae whai hua tuatahi

APEC, tonu te nei whakahou ki te rārangi o whenua, nga rongoā hua tuatahi whāngai i roto i te 1990-2000. whakanohoia aro i runga i te whakangāwaritanga o ngā tukanga visa mo kaipakihi o te ōhanga o te rōpū mema. I heke tauārai ki te kaupapa noa e kore anake o taonga engari ano hoki haumi. faaitoito te reira i te roha o ngā kaupapa rautaki i roto i te ao o te hononga pakihi. Tūmahi Force BAC tīmata mehua kaha mo te kōmitimiti o ngā paerewa ao manakohia o rauemi. Ki te tango i nga kaupae kaha ki te hanga raukaha, me te whakapakari o te pūnaha pūtea i runga i te taumata o te ao.

rōpū ūnga o tohunga i roto i te hapori kei te hanga kaha katoa ki te taea e-tauhokohoko. Whakawhanakehia te huinga o mehua ki te whakaiti i te "wehenga mamati" i waenganui i te öhanga APEC. Rārangi o whenua mema o Association taea ki a koe kite pēhea te rerekē ko te taumata o te tuitui o hangarau mariko i te ao o te pakihi i roto i te āhua rerekē. I teie mahana, kua tino faatiti'aifarohia tenei raruraru.

Ko te tihi tuatahi i roto i Russia

I roto i te Mei 2001, puritia reira tona hui tuatahi i roto i Moscow i te anga o te forum APEC. I tae te reira e 100 ngā māngai o te ATP whiriwhiri pakihi. Russia, mo tona wahi, tīmataria te whakatūnga o "APEC Club Pakihi", e ngā neke atu i te 50 nui-tauine kamupene kāinga me pareparenga, e i roto i to ratou mahi e arahina ana e te rohe Ahia-Kiwa.

E ai ki te peresideni o Russia, te whenua e hiahia ki te tango i te wahi kaha i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā mahi hapori, tae atu i te urutaunga o anga ture te whenua o ki te whanaketanga whakarara o te manapori. Ko pai te mōhio e raro i te hokohoko hihiri whakawhanake i roto i te rohe, kua reira opuaraa pai mō te te pai kāwanatanga kāwanatanga nui.

Taumata 2014 i roto i Beijing

I tū te tihi APEC whakamutunga i roto i Beijing i Whiringa 2014. hua nga mau a'oraa i roto i te whakapuakanga 24-whārangi. Kua whakaritea e te kau taki o te mema-āhua ki te whai wāhi i roto i whakaongaonga mahi pakihi , me te ki tonu ki te mahi kaha ki te makanga o protectionism.

APEC tihi i roto i Beijing, kua meinga te pūtake mō Firms Mema tonu ki te whawhai ki te wehewehenga o te hokohoko rohe. E whai ana te Community ki te whakawhanake i Ipurangi-pūtea. Ano, i whakaritea e te reira whakaaetanga tata loto i runga i te whanaketanga o ngā wāhi o te mahi ngātahi ki te āhua Awherika, i roto i te wā roa, ko te ki te ārai i te horapa o te urutā o Ebola.

APEC tihi i roto i Beijing arotahi i runga i whakaoti i te raruraru o te raruraru. whakanohoia aro i runga i te meka e me rapu ia whenua te ope peia mo tona ōhanga.