Anarcho-moni: te whakamāramatanga, whakaaro, tohu

"Anarchy" - he wā e i roto i te feruriraa o te nuinga o te iwi he longo ki te ariā o "te hepohepo", "whakama." Heoi, i roto i te pāpori me te pūtaiao tōrangapū, kua he tikanga rerekē i tēnei wā. I roto i tenei tuhinga tango tatou i te titiro i te ariā, takenga, akonaki taketake me tohutohu o anarchism. tātari tatou i roto i te taipitopito atu tenei aronga rite anarcho-moni. He aha te mea tona ngako me te, pērā i ētahi atu wāhanga o te anarchism? Ka tamata matou ki te kitea i roto i muri i roto i tenei tuhinga.

ariā

Anarchism - he parau haapiiraa pāpori-tōrangapū, me te pāpori-ōhanga, e te roopu te hiahia mo te oraraa o te kāwanatanga. He ātete ki te ngākau nuitanga o corporations nui nga ngākau nuitanga o te peasants iti me pakihi iti.

He ko he pūrākau e anarchism - ko tetahi o nga ngā o te hapori. I hanga e ia i roto i to tatou feruriraa i muri i te Revolution me te Pakanga Civil: kua roa kua he hoa pūmau o nga mua i runga i te rohe o Ukraine hou nga mua Nestora Mahno.

Heoi, ko te tino he tenei. Anarchism, a rawa tetahi o ona ūnga - anarcho-te moni - i runga i te anga ke, whakakahore te hanganga o corporations nui tūmatanui. Hapori - rite te wā tuatahi o te Communism - ahakoa tā reira te hanga o te hapori ataahua, me te rite kotahi, engari te tūranga tino o te kāwanatanga i roto i te upoko, me te kia te "iwi tika." - te mua, te pāpori-mua, proletarians, me ētahi atu roto i te meka, kua karangatia e hoki tenei au mo te hanganga o corporations anake, i roto i te taa ki te moni, me kotahi anake rangatira - te āhua.

Ko te pūtake taumauri o te anarchism he individualism, subjectivism me voluntarism.

tohutohu

Ki te rā, i reira e rua nui wāhanga o anarchism:

1. anarchism Individualist.
2. Anarcho-hapori.

A Hēnare i, Ko reira tino e rua tohutohu ritenga. E tahoê ratou tetahi anake - te whakaaro o te kāwanatanga te faaru'eraa i. E pato'i atu whakaaro katoa. Anarcho-hapori, kaua, e pā ana ki te tere noa maui, me ki Communism, hapori, me te tahi atu anarcho-individualism -. 'I hono kehé, ko reira te akoranga tika. Ko tōna parau tumu whakawhanakehia Max Stirner, Genri Devid, Murray Rothbard me etahi atu. E wehea hoki wae e rua ki awa rerekē, ia o nei he ona ake whakaaro i runga i te hunga atu tukanga ranei.

Ko te ahunga matua o te individualism

Kei te wehea anarchism Individualist ki te wāhi e whai ake nei:

1. Anarcho-moni. e tatou e kore taipitopito tona peita, rite ka tenei wāhi e whakatapua ki te nuinga o to tatou tuhinga.
2. Anarcho-Feminism. timata te kaupapa i roto i te Hau Amui no Marite i te timatanga o te rau tau XX. Ka taea te whakaaro te māngai rongonui o reira rite Emma Goldman - "Emma Whero". i hiki tēnei wahine i Russia te aroaro o te revolution, ka noho i roto i te United States. whakahē hoki Anarcho-Feminists te kāwanatanga rite te waka mō te marutuna ngā whakapumautia ariā o te whanaungatanga utuafare, mātauranga, me ngā tūranga ira tangata. Emma Goldman e tenei ra ko te kaiwawao tika tangata te kahui ka, e pai tonu ki te whawhai mo te taurite o te wahine, mo te tika o paerikiriki moepuku, me ētahi atu Marriage, whakaaro ia, -. Ko te kirimana ōhanga mua i waenganui i te tangata me te wahine tenei. Na enei whakaaro, ka hinga i te reira ki runga ki te mahara papatipu i roto i ngā whaikōrero, ngā pukapuka whakaputa i te rau tau ki muri, ka tonu te hapori Western ona karakia, me te traditionalism.
3. anarchism Green - arotahi aro i runga i te raruraru o te tiaki i te taiao.
4. Anarcho-Primitivism - karanga ki whakarere i te-tech tiketike, e, i roto i to ratou whakaaro, whakaū i te tūranga o te hunga i roto i te kaha me te mahi anake. Na etahi.

Ko te ahunga matua o te anarcho-hapori

Anarcho-hapori - he au e karanga mo te whawhai ki tetahi ahua o te faaohiparaa i, taonga tūmataiti rite te take nui o te raupapatanga pāpori (te raupapatanga) o te hapori ki taonga, me te rawakore. i taua whakaaro i roto i te feruriraa o te anarchist Nestor Makhno i roto i te revolution me pakanga kaiākiri. Aronga rerekē i te mua puāwaitanga anake i te meka e karanga i te whakamutunga mo te tonotono o te ënei whenua, arā. E. Ko te hanga tūturu o tetahi piha i runga i tetahi. Anarcho-hapori, me i whakakahore katoa te oraraa o tetahi piha pule kaihe ranei. Ana ngā wāhi matua:

1. Kotahitanga (myutyualizm). Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te parau tumu o te āwhina tahi, herekore, kirimana tūao. Ko te kaiwhakarewa o te au whakapono Pierre Zhozefa Prudona, puta nei mahi i roto i te rau tau XVIII, i mua i te pae hopea i hanga ngā anarchist.
2. Anarcho-Communism. whakapono Supporters o tenei kaupapa e ki te hiahia te waihanga i tētahi korerorero whaiaro-whakahaere, e kia whakaritea i roto i te whakamahi ngā o nga tikanga o te hanga.
3. anarchism Collectivist ranei collectivism tuwhena. Kua karangatia e Supporters o tenei kaupapa mo te hurihanga o te ara hou. Roto i te rerekē ki ngā mua, te anarcho-collectivists whakaaro e kia riro katoa i roto i te hapori utu ataahua e hāngai ana i runga i o ratou hua. Banal "whakaōritenga", i roto i to ratou whakaaro, ka arahi ki te papatipu o te pirinoa e he "pirinoa" ka meinga whakamahi o te mahi o etahi atu.
4. Anarcho-syndicalism. arotahi te reira i runga i te kaupapa mahi. Ana kaitautoko ahu ki te whakarere i te pūnaha o te mahi utu me te taonga tūmataiti. Ko te tikanga o te hanga kite ratou i te take o te wehenga o te hapori ki te rangatira me kaimahi. Na etahi.

Kia aroha mai, i roto i te kotahi tuhinga he uaua ki te kawe i poto te rerekētanga matua i waenganui i te aronga o te anarchism. Heoi, i roto i te kupu torutoru taea tatou te mea e anarcho-te moni - ko te tikanga ritenga o te anarcho-hapori. Last tino disclaims tetahi whakaaro o taonga tūmataiti, te moni, mahi utua. Tuatahi, i runga i te anga ke, ka koa aua whakaaro. Hoki ētahi atu kōrero e pā ana ki reira ka kia kōrero i muri i roto i te tuhinga.

Ko te takenga mai o anarcho-moni

Kei te tuku hoki ahunga Anarcho-capitalist ki rite "anarchism libertarian". Hoki te wā tuatahi i tapa te wā e Murray Rothbard. Ko te putanga o tenei au rā hoki ki te Heoi o te rau tau XX i roto i te United States. Ahakoa hutia tona tūāpapa ariā i roto i te waenganui o te rau tau XIX, nga mahi o pūkenga mākete, tetahi o i ko Gustave de Molinari.

ariā

anarchism Market - hoki e mohiotia ana ko anarcho-te moni - e hāngai ana i runga i te whakapono i roto i te kainga noa o te taonga tūmataiti. whakakahore ia te āhua rite te faanahoraa o te mana, no te mea e poka reira ki te tautoko o te mākete whakataetae. I te wa, te reforomatio rongonui - Yegor Gaidar - ka mea, "Ka hoatu i te mākete katoa i roto i tona wahi." Ahakoa te Pirimia Russian, a ko kihai he kaikorero o tenei kaupapa, engari e kia takina tona kupu tetahi o te anarchism mākete whakaaro. hoatu te kokonga te whakaaro o whanaunga mākete free, e here ana i runga i te pūtake noa. Ko tenei parau tumu, me te mahi ki te whakatū o te hapori eu, e taea ano te whakarite i te tikanga o te ture, te hanga ratou ake ture anga, tiaki me te hanganga e tika ana, whakaritea i roto i te whakataetae arumoni.

whāinga

te kitenga o Sam Murray Rothbard e te kāwanatanga -. e, i roto i ngā hou, he rōpū taihara whakaritea e whai wāhi i roto i mau pahua ana te reira i roto i takoha, utu, mau ohipa, raihana, me ētahi atu kua riro Tata katoa faatereraa capitalist hou stooges o nui kuao raiona pūtea. Capitalism, kia rite ki te theorist - ko te predominance o tangata iti, me tenei ra kite tatou e pakihi iti huri noa te ao e ngaro tona ara i roto i ngā rāngai ōhanga katoa. Engari o nga mano o kaipakihi iti, e whakaatu tatou he mogul nui, e atu tona mana i runga i nga whenua maha.

Na reira, Libertarianism hou me te anarchism whai whāinga noa ki te Māoritanga hapori, me te hapori - ratou karanga katoa ki te wahi i te pūnaha ngā, kua tipu nei i roto i te ao.

Ngaahi Fakakaukau mo pāpori kia heke mai

I roto i tenei aronga taumauri maha fakaangá roto economists, pūtaiao tōrangapū me sociologists. Ahakoa nga Socialists me nga Kominiusi ki nga whakaaro o te "heke mai kanapa", "taurite pāpori", "haere noa", "autaea'eraa" e kore e karanga ki te whakarere i te āhua rite te regulator o whanaunga pāpori. Ko te theorist matua o anarcho-te moni - Murray Rothbard - i runga i te anga ke, tohe ki te tino whakarere i te reira. Pehea, Na, kia mahi i te hapori capitalist i roto i te mea mo'a kia tiakina rawa tūmataiti? Ki te mahi i tenei, te hanga i tētahi hanganga haumaru tūmataiti, kia e mahi i runga i te pūtake whakataetae. e kore kia pütea ratou i takoha, a i turanga tūmataiti. kia mahi Whaiaro me ohaoha kia faaterehia e ture taiao, te mākete me te ki te awhina o te ture tūmataiti. Society, kia rite ki nga pūkenga o te aronga taumauri, karu matau pehea koe me ora i roto i te heke mai e tata ana. Ka hoatu te iwi ake tokomaha o nga hara, e rite ana te mea te āhua, me te ko te take pakiaka o ratou kōmihana.

He reira taea ki te whakatinana i te whakaaro o te Libertarianism?

whakaaro tokomaha iwi te whakaaro o te utopia libertarian tino. Ka rite ki faahiti ratou i te meka e te āhua o te iwi, ko te e he reira taea ki te whakakore i taua kovi tangata rite hae, te riri, tinihanga, i te hiahia ki te tango i te rawa o te mahi o etahi atu, ko te hiahia ki te tango o tetahi te taonga, me ētahi atu haamana'o te whakamātautau hinengaro rite te tautohe matua :. "Ki te ka kite koe i te hokomaha, hua e kore tetahi tiaki aha mahi koe? ". Ka waiho i te whakautu tika te tetahi e tuku hua i roto i te hokomaha ki te tahae. E whakaaro i ētahi atu whakahoki i kaimātai hinengaro hao, huna te natura mau o te tumu parau. E. E kore e taea e koe te huri i te natura taata, na ia ia, i waho te āwhina o te regulator mana waho, e kore e ako ki te ora "tika." whakaaro katoa e kua hangaia ki te huri i te natura taata i roto i te hanga o rerekē ngā āhuatanga pāpori, e whakaaro ki te kia utopian. Na reira, kia whakaaro anarchism mākete rite taua. Heoi, e whakapono ana etahi e taea te whakatinana Libertarianism. Ki tenei mutunga, me puta etahi tikanga. kōrero ratou e pā ana ki ake i raro.

Ko te tikanga mō te whakatinana i te whakaaro o te anarchism mākete

Ko te kupu, te kitenga o nga whakaaro o Murray Rothbard, kia puta i te tikanga e whai ake nei:

1. matatika mana te mana. I roto i te hapori i reira hokona mea katoa te ka hokona, ko reira uaua ki te whakaako i te tangata i roto i te wairua o "na koutou e kore e taea e", "e kore e pai", me ētahi atu teie mahana, e kite tatou e ofati i te tama a multimillionaires ture katoa: .. kore ratou e faatura i te rohe tere i runga i te rori, ko reira taea ki te tawai māngai o te ture, me te tikanga, ki te korero whakahawea o te whenua i roto i nei e ora ratou, me ētahi atu "mau" tangata e kore e taua whanonga e taea murua :. ahu ratou ki te farii i te whiu tino kino. Anake te wahi i te uara o matatika, me te haere noa taea i runga i te moni pakeke, he reira taea ki te hanga i tētahi hapori pai.
2. Ko te hanganga o te maha pūtahi. Ki te te kore i kitea te āhua, me whakarite i tona mahi ētahi atu whare pāpori. kia whai ratou i te mana, me te kore e mana e memeha. Ko te huru matua - i reira kia etahi, hei utu o tetahi ahua o te kāwanatanga, whiwhi tatou tetahi ranei: theocracy, hapu, moni mohoao me ētahi atu.
3. pūnaha kotahi o uara. ka mahi pūnaha Libertarianstskaya anake, ki te ki i te mau melo katoa o te hapori piri ki nga whakaaro o anarcho-moni. A, no te kite koe i te maha tino o te iwi e tau'a ore ona mau parau tumu me ngā pūtahi o te mana, ka hohoro wahia e te pūnaha.

Ko te tohu o anarcho-moni

hipokina matou te ariā o te Libertarianism. Mea atu i te iti e pā ana ki te fakataipe. Kara anarcho- moni whakaaro haki pango, me te kōwhai. tae Black - he tohu tuku iho o te anarchism. Kōwhai - tohu koura, he reo o te utu i roto i te mākete, kahore wawao a te kāwanatanga. kitea haki Black-a-kōwhai te i roto i ngā taatou. Kahore he whakaritenga tino o puawai. I te tahi taime kei reira whakapakoko rerekē: he karauna, he tohu tāra, me ētahi atu.

Anarcho-moni i roto i Russia

I roto i to tatou whenua torutoru iwi e mau whakaaro mākete anarchism. E tatou, ki te he kau muimui o anarchism ratou, ko reira pai te kaitautoko o anarcho-syndicalism, e hanga ngā subcultures tamarikitanga. tohu Sociologists i taua neoanarhisty hou, rite ki te tikanga, e kore e matau ki te Māoritanga taketake o anarcho-syndicalism, whakamahi ratou anake nga tohu - te haki whero me te pango. I ngā kaupapa katoa e pā ana ratou tangi, pepeha anti-Fascist te tikanga anake.

Te neoanarhizma whakaaro i roto i Russia

Modern tautohe neoanarhichesky i roto i Russia ko pea te kaupapa anake kore-köarotia parau tumu waho, te mana haere noa. whakapono Ko tōna kau taki e te whāinga o te kaupapa - te pakanga ki fascism, me te ona take pakiaka - te moni, e hanga ōritenga pāpori me te hekenga i roto i tona ahua reira.