Āhuatanga MFIs

He uaua ki te pe si◊aki te faufaa o nama i roto i te ōhanga. Loans taea hinonga ki hohoro whakatinana ratou ake hanga (i te tikanga o te taurewa arumoni), ki te whakaara moni atu mo te ao hou, o ngā rawa pūmau, me ētahi atu I te tahi atu te ringa, ka taea te taurewa kiritaki hoko atu utu taonga roa, "rua maimoamoa" i roto i te uaua āhuatanga pūtea, me te pera atu. I roto i te poto, he nama he wāhi o te ōhanga mākete.

I roto i nga tau tata nei, whakamahia whānuitia whare microfinance pera-ka karanga. Tino maha taea e matou te titiro i nga tohu i roto i te huarahi o ngā rōpū whai wāhi i roto i te whakatinanatanga o te wā-poto taurewa iti. I roto i te tikanga ki te tautuhi i te tūranga, me te hiranga o MFIs i te ohanga ko te tika ki te titiro i te āhuatanga matua o ratou mahi, ture ture, me te utu, me te nama ngā.

I roto i runga i nga tikanga o te ture Federal o Hōngongoi 2, 2010 N 151-FZ "I microfinance me microfinance whakahaere" i raro i te whakahaere microfinance tautuhia te rite "he hinonga ture rēhita i roto i te puka o te tahua, he motuhake nonprofit whare (anake hoki pūtahi pūtea) kore-arumoni hononga, he ohaoha kamupene ranei hononga e mau ana i roto i ngā mahi microfinance me tomo i roto i te rēhita āhua o ngā rōpū microfinance i roto i te tikanga e whakaratohia ana e te ture. "

Hei mahino te whakamāramatanga o te whakahaere microfinance kia tautuhi te ariā o ngā mahi microfinance. Sootvetstsvuyuschego o te ture, me ngā mahi o ngā pūtahi microfinance taea whakatau:

• mahi microfinance - he mahi e hāngai ana ki te whakarato tangata, kaipakihi takitahi me loans whakahaere i raro i te whakaaetanga e hāngai ana;
• taurewa ki ngā whare microfinance e kore e nui 1 miriona moni;
• loans wā, te tikanga iti iho i te kotahi tau (52 wiki).

Ko te tohatoha motuhake o ngā pūtahi microfinance riro i muri i te whakatamarikitanga o te ture "I te microfinance me microfinance whakahaere", e homai i te whakamāramatanga o ngā mahi microfinance, whakau ana te tikanga o ratou mahi, me nga āhuatanga matua o te mana ki runga i to ratou mahi. Hei tauira, e whakarato ana te ture mō here nui i runga i nga mahi o ngā rōpū microfinance, tautuhi ratou tika, me te herenga.

Ko reira mārama e microfinance (loans i te nui o kore neke atu i te kotahi miriona) ko te pūtake o ngā pūtahi microfinance. Ko reira e tika ana ki te puta loans ki e tango te MFI te nuinga o ona hua.

Heoi, ko te ture nui whakawhāiti etahi mahi e pā ana ki te whakaratonga o taurewa. Hei tauira, i reira he here nui i runga i te hanganga o te whakapaipai kamupene. Ko te ture āta opani kukume moni o te mau taata e kore e nei kaiwhakatū o te kamupene (ki te haunga o tangata whakarato nga tikanga o te whakahaere i runga i te pūtake o te kawenata taurewa i roto i te nui o 1.5 miriona moni, neke atu i te kotahi whakaaetanga taurewa ki tetahi kaituku ranei [1]). E te, i roto i te meka, pūtahi microfinance, pērā tahataha, e kore whakaaetia ki te kukume putunga.

Tētahi atu here kore iti nui ko te kanga ki runga ki te mahi ngaio i roto i te mākete peeke. Ko te kupu, e kore ngā rōpū microfinance e taea whakamahi tono me ake pūtea mō te haumi ngaio i roto i te rakau, here, me ētahi atu

I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te mahi MFI ko te iteraa o whiwhinga i roto i te anga o te moni i whakaara mo te kaiwhakatū me kaituku whakapaipai. Noatia, e kore e taea e ngā rōpū microfinance hanga te nui nui taua o te whakapaipai taurewa rite pareparenga.

Ko te parau tumu o te mahi o ngā pūtahi microfinance ko e whai ake: MFIs whakahere he nui iti mo te wa poto i te tere tiketike rawa o te moni.

I roto i toku whakaaro, microfinance - te puka hou o te moni whakatupu faati'amâ. Na, e taea e tarahu reiti i waenganui i 9-10% ia marama ki runga ki te 4% ia wiki (100-200% te tau). No te whakarite, i roto i te taurewa Tiaki Bank i te nui o 50,000 moni. mo te wā o te tau kotahi, kahore tiaki e utu e pā ana ki 16.5% ia tau. I roto i "UralSib" pēke nama mō ngā āhuatanga rite, ka whakatika āhua 23% [2]

e mea he e kore e kore kaihoko ōhanga kouma whakaae ki te taua tikanga nama kau. Heoi, i roto i te tikanga ki te tiki i te pūtea tārewa pēke he tika ki te whakarato i te mōkihi o ngā tuhinga, me te mamae i te whakamātautau nui. Hei tauira, me tuku te tahi mau pareparenga i tua ki te uruwhenua he tauākī whiwhinga me ētahi atu tuhinga. ratonga pareparenga tika tirotiro i te pono o ngā tuhinga, hītori nama o te nama, arotake tūpono nama taunoa. A e kore katoa e hiahia ana ki te tiki i te pūtea tārewa haere tenei Taki (tangata rahi iti o te utu e pā ana, kihai i tuku te tangata te tuhinga e tika ana, ko etahi raruraru ki hītori nama, me ētahi atu). Te tangata e kore te pēke whakamātautau, kei te rapu hoki umanga e puta taurewa tikanga atu mateaki. te nuinga o pā ana tēnei kiritaki ki te wāhi microfinance.

e kore e pūtahi Microfinance hanga whakaritenga nui mō ngā kaitono e. Hei tauira, he maha ngā rōpū mo te issuance o te taurewa e rapu he uruwhenua anake, ka tango i te whakatau ki te tukua mai te pūtea tārewa i roto i te torutoru haora. I tua atu, i reira he kamupene ki te whiwhi moroiti-taurewa e kore e e tae noa hiahia ki te haere ki te tari - tono mō pūtea taurewa, me kua hanga whakatau i runga i tana pananga i matau i te kāinga.

Ka rite ki taea e matou te titiro, mahi MFIs i te wāhanga ki te mōrea tiketike rawa o te taunoa. I roto i te tikanga ki te utu mo te tūponotanga, me te whakarite moni, whakaturia pūtahi microfinance te kaumaatua ngä päpätanga huamoni. Ko te arorau konei he kuware: ki te kiritaki e rua (e toru, e wha, me ētahi atu, i runga i te āhuatanga me te microloans wāhanga mākete rānei) i te iti rawa tetahi tino utu te nama ki te moni, kōmihana, moni taunoa me whiu, ka whakarato i te kamupene moni ki o ratou rangatira . Heoi, ko te auau huamoni i runga i microloans whakamōhio i te kino pono.

Ano, Ka taea e te whatunga kitea he rota o te urupare tōraro i runga i te MFI mahi i roto i te whenua. I roto i ngā, amuamu kiritaki e pā ana ki te anga mālohi me kaiwhakahaere mahi wairangi tikanga koa, o kohinga o nama i te kaitono, me te te whakamahi o ngā kaupapa kore-mārama o te moni, utu o te nama, me te pera i runga i.

Ko reira mārama e mikrofinansiroanie rite taua (taurewa iti mō te wā poto i ngä päpätanga huamoni tino), i reira kei roto i te kore tatou whenua ko te ra tuatahi. Heoi, anake ki te whakatamarikitanga o te ture "I te microfinance me microfinance whakahaere" timata pūtahi microfinance ki puta i te atarangi ki te neke ki te mahi ture. Otiia, he tokomaha o nga tikanga o te mahi (tae atu ki taihara) noho i roto i te täoro o ngā pūtahi microfinance. Ko ko reira pea e te raruraru o te tupu me te whanaketanga o MFIs rite te whare pūtea tika o te ōhanga Russian.

Ka rite ki te kaupapa arumoni, he whānui te mahi microfinance. Ko te teitei ngä päpätanga huamoni hanga microfinance he mahi tino pai, ahakoa nga tūponotanga katoa e pā ana ki reira. Kore e kore e tatou i kite taua tipu kaha i roto i te maha o ngā pūtahi microfinance, e taea te kite ki te kanohi tahanga.

Tohutoro:

1. Federal ture o Hōngongoi 2, 2010 N 151-FZ "I microfinance me microfinance pūtahi.