Victor Vasnetsov (artist). Life me mahi o te kaipeita Russian rongonui o te rau tau XIX

I whanau artist Great Vasnetsov Viktor Mihaylovich i runga i Mei 15, 1848 i roto i Lopyal kainga, ko te whānau Mihaila Vasilevicha Vasnetsova, he tohunga. whakarongo Ētahi atu papa heke mai o tana tama te tohunga, a i roto i te tau tuatahi o te tamaiti taitamariki huri noa Vasnetsov ratou matua, me te kua haere kē ko waewae o tona papa. Otiia ke tino tona whakarau i roto i te tau torutoru. Haurongo Vasnetsov Kei ngā whārangi o te hanganga, me te kopuku taranata o tetahi o nga kaipeita tino rongonui i roto i te aamu o te kāwanatanga Russian.

a ia kahore akonga, pērā i i te V. I. Surikova me ētahi atu tohunga toi rongonui, engari i whakatuwheratia te pūkenga Viktora Vasnetsova ki te whai i tetahi kaipeita tīmatanga. A toi taitamariki e ngana ana ki te ako "Vasnetsov" semitone, hakari i roto i ona kōrero epic, kura ranei tae ngahau, hanga te ariki whenua kia kanapa.

Hui me te toi

I roto i te 1858, i runga i te onoonoraa o tona papa i tautuhia te taitamariki Vasnetsov kua i roto i te kura fakalotu, te wahi ako ia mo te wha tau e, a ka tonu ana akoranga i roto i te Vyatka Theological Seminary. Katahi ka whakatirohia e ia te taranata o te kaipeita, a ka anga te toi heke mai ki te ako peita i N. G.Chernyshova, wetereo kaiako. Na i te aroha noa o tona papa, a mahue te haapiiraa evanelia oho ki St. Petersburg, i reira whakauru ia i roto i te peita me te Art Development Kura i roto i te piha haapiiraa Ivana Nikolaevicha Kramskogo. I muri ako i te kura kotahi tau, i whakawhitia Vasnetsov ki te Academy o Fine Arts, me i reira tonu rangahau i roto i te peita.

mahi tona ākonga te toi faaite mo te katoa ki te kite noa i roto i te Academy e i whakatau ratou rangatira e mōhiotia ana o te paraihe. he Reviews o toi kaumatua i mahi kaipeita taitamariki Vasnetsov kua tuhia te tino aau maitai, e rave rahi fakaangá toi taitamariki rite te kupu hou i roto i te toi.

Association o nga Wanderers

I puta ia i te Academy o Toi i roto i te 1873 ka anga artist Vasnetsov ki whai wāhi i roto i ngā whakaaturanga Wanderers, whakaritea i roto i te St Petersburg me Moscow. Ko te "Partnership" ngā rua tekau-mohiotia toi Russian, i roto ia ratou: Kramskoy I. N., Repin I. E., Shishkin I. I., Polenov B. D., Surikov V. I. me ētahi atu. i te aroaro Victor Vasnetsov i haere whakaaturanga i roto i te rua peita: "Knight i nga Crossroads" me "Alenka".

Whakatika me te hinga

Ko te whakaaro Peredvizhnik ko te mohio o te marea whānui o te iwi i te toi Russian. tū te whakaaturanga i nga wahi katoa, i roto i nga pa, me nga kainga, Wanderers whakawhanakehia me whakakaha. Kopuku "Partnership" ka mau wahi i roto i te tau 1870-1880. timata ngā mahi i muri mai Wanderers ki te memeha i te maha o ngā take whāinga, ka puritia ratou whakaatu whakamutunga i roto i te tau 1922.

Abramtsevo

tomo artist Russian Vasnetsov te "Abramtsevo porowhita toi", whakaritea e te industrialist me toi kaiwhakaruruhau Savva Mamontov, te rangatira o Abramtsevo whenua. whakaritea e ratou he hui o kaipeita, kaiwhakairo, kaituhi me kaiwaiata i raro i te tuanui o te whare-talitali kakai Savva Ivanovich ka tahuri i muri i te porohita ki te pokapū nui o te ahurea Russian. ka haere mai Painters ki Abramtsevo a noho ana i reira mo nga marama, te hanga ratou ake peita tahuti ore. Ko hoki Victor Vasnetsov he manuhiri auau, i faauruhia ia e te āhua toe o nga taiao tiakina, uara Russian tuku iho, mara, ngahere me te iwi taiwhenua hei wāhanga o te tirohanga.

Academy o Toi

I roto i te 1893 ka haere artist Vasnetsov ki te Academy of Fine Arts, me te, ka ko ia mema o te Academy, tonu mahi hua i roto i te mara o te anō o te ahurea Russian. pāngia te kaupapa hou i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau te toi nui. kihai i Vasnetsov whai wāhi tika i roto i nga mahi o te "Union o People Russian," whakahaere pravomonarhicheskoy, engari autaki tautoko te Black rau kaupapa, me te ara tautoko etahi pukapuka, pērā i "e Tohi o te oto Russian." I roto i te tau 1912 i whakaurua te kaitoi i roto i te hanahana o te Russian Empire. Na ka ia he mema kaha o te "Society o te whakaoranga o Russia" i roto i te tau 1915, i kawea mai huihuia maha toi o te wā.

He momo o auaha

mahi Vasnetsov kaitoi o he momo kanorau, e kore e taea te mea o te tahi atu kaipeita Russian. hanga e ia peita whakamahi hoariri momo, ētahi wā he tütukitanga ki ia atu. Paintings āhua kāinga ki pūāhua tūturu i whakakapi e peita o tales patupaiarehe. Na ano, rite te miro whero puta noa i te wā auaha katoa o te kaitoi haere kaupapa EPIC-hītori. I i hanga te reira i ona masterpieces matua i roto i tenei momo Vasnetsov: "Heroes" (1898), "Kingi Ivan te Terrible" (1897), "Ivan Tsarevich i runga i te Grey Wolf" (1889), "Alenka" (1881) , "Knight i nga pekanga o" (1882), "i muri i te pakanga o Igorya Svyatoslavovicha ki Polovtsy" (1880).

kaupapa hahi

I runga i te eve o te rau tau rua tekau, artist Vasnetsov, "Heroes" nei, te tuhituhi i roto i te 1998, ka tona waitohu, e pā ana ki te kaupapa fakalotu. mō ia pikitia o Vladimir Cathedral i Kiev me te Ekalesia Maueraa i St. Petersburg, e mohiotia ana ko te Cathedral "to tatou Faaora i te toto" i runga i te Griboyedov Canal. I muri mai, ka mau te kaitoi wahi i roto i te peita roto temepara Aleksandra Nevskogo, kei nei i roto i te pane o Bulgaria, Sofia. A mo te Ekalesia Moscow o te Aloí i Presnya Vasnetsov hanga huahua o te tuanui, me te taiepa peita.

artist Civic

Vasnetsov artist i roto i 1917, whakawhiti ki te iwi hautoa Russian, ana peita Fairytale "whawhai Dobryni Nikiticha ki te nakahi-upoko e whitu Gorynych" i tuhituhia i roto i te 1918, me "Bag o Bones" i roto i te tau 1926 ko te mahi whakamutunga o te toi nui.

I tua atu ki te papa reo ngingila hanga Vasnetsov he maha o ngā kaupapa hoahoanga me te kōrero o mua:

• I hanga te kikī Abramtsevo hahi "Kaiwhakaora Tapu" e huahua o Vasnetsov tahi ki te kaitoi VD Polenov me kaihoahoa PM Samarin (1882)
• I roto i te Abramtsevo i hanga ai "Hut runga Va'e Chicken", Gazebos i runga i auaha Breakers (1883)
• tohu Project Yuri Nikolaevich Govorukha-pononga, te kaituhi Russian, e tangi ana (1896) i roto i te American o te ohu whakapono Moscow.
• teneti Russian mō te Paris World Exhibition i 1898.
• fare Project IE Tsvetkova, tahi ki te kaihoahoa BN Shnaubertom i roto i Moscow i runga i Prechistenskaya taha moana.
• Whakamahere kaupapa te tomokanga matua ki te Taiwhanga Tretyakov, ki te whai wāhitanga o te kaihoahoa VN Bashkirov i Moscow Lavroushinsky Lane (1901).
• pourewa Kaupapa whakawhiti o te Armory Chamber i te Great Kremlin Palace i Moscow (1901).
• ripeka Memorial e titore te wahi o te mate o Prince Velikogo Sergeya Aleksandrovicha i Moscow (1908), i ngaro, a muri hanga e te toi NV Orlov, a ka oho ki te Novospassky Monastery.
• kōhatu VA Gringmut tika-parirau ahua tūmatanui, i roto i Moscow, i roto i nga American o te ohu o te ngakau mamae (1908).
• Cathedral o St. Alexander Nevsky i Miusskaya Square i Moscow, tahi ki te kaihoahoa A. Pomerantsev (1911).
• kaupapa toi o te pane kuini, hanga ki te whakaara moni ki te āwhina i ngā pārurenga o te whawhai (1914).

philately

i pai te kanohi Vasnetsov toi me tona mahi i te wa i roto i te philately o te USSR:

• Mēra pane "Gallery Tretyakov" e AS tukua Pomansky i 1950. Ko te pane whakaatu te paruru matua o te Gallery Tretyakov, hanga i roto i te 1906, e hāngai ana i runga i huahua e Viktor Vasnetsov.
• He raupapa o ngā pane kuini whakatapua ki te 25 tau o te mate o te kaipeita Vasnetsov, kaituhi - artist II Dubasov, 1951.
• pane kuini ki te whakapakoko o VM Vasnetsov i te pikitia o te artist Ivan Kramskoi ", whakaputaina i roto i te 1952 i roto i te ITC" waitohu "i raro i # 1649.
• Mēra pane "Heroes" (te peita e Vasnetsov 1881-1898 biennium) ITC "Mark" # 1650.
• Mēra pane "Knight i nga Crossroads" (1882), tukua i roto i te 1968, me te hoahoa kaitoi A.Ryazantseva G.Komleva, ITC "waitohu", №3705.
• tuhia 150 o te whanau o Vasnetsov i roto i te tuku Russian o te pane rua ki te coupon.

Hoki te ora auaha katoa o te artist nui i tuhituhia e ia e rave rahi papa reo tatini. 24 peita o te kaitoi tomo Vasnetsov te moni koura o te toi Russian:

• 1871 - "Gravedigger".
• 1876 - ". Mai i fare ki fare"
• 1878 - "Knight i nga Crossroads."
• 1879 - "hiahia".
• 1880 - "I muri i te pakanga o Igorya Svyatoslavovicha ki Polovtsy".
• 1880 - "harotoroto Alenushkiny."
• 1880 - "Magic Carpet".
• 1881 - "Alenka".
• 1881 - "toru rangatira o te reinga."
• 1887 - "Warriors o te Apocalypse."
• 1889 - "Ivan Tsarevich i runga i te Kerei Wolf."
• 1890 - "Te bapetizoraa o Rus '.
• 1897 - "Humayun".
• 1897 - "Te Tsar Ivan te Terrible."
• 1898 - "Heroes".
• 1899 - "Guslar".
• 1899 - "Te Snow Maiden".
• 1899 - "Ko te hui ki a Oleg makutu."
• 1904 - "Te whakawa Last".
• 1914 - "Ilya Muromets".
• 1914 - "Te Teuere Peresvet ki Chelubey".
• 1918 - "Te Frog Princess".
• 1918 - "whawhai Dobryni Nikiticha ki te nakahi-upoko e whitu Gorynych".
• 1926 - "Bag o Bones".