Toi Antokolsky Mark Matveevich: biography, te utuafare, te ohipa

Ka kōrero ana tēnei tuhinga e pā ana ki te toi ANTOKOLSKY. Tenei tangata he rongonui mo ona fakatupu mīharo, i aroha nei e maha. Ka rite ki ora ai Mark Matveevich, he aha tona ora? Pahonoraa ki enei pātai e taea te kitea i roto i te tuhinga.

tamarikitanga

whanau Mark Matveevich Antokolsky i roto i te tau 1840, Whiringa 2. tangata ingoa haere hoki ki te ingoa o te wahi o waho o Vilnius Antakalnis, te wahi i noho te whānau katoa. a Mark kua 8 taeae e tuahine. i whanau katoa ratou i roto i te utuafare Hurai. noho rawa tano Mother me papa, rite i pai rawakore iwi. I te wa ano utua whakarongo i ki te karakia. Heoi, e kore te mea tino hiahia i roto i te Mark iti, e ua moni i roto i te tuhi i te wawe tau ia. Mai ka whakatata te tamaiti te mea hiahia ia me te wahi i pai ai ia, ähua nga matua ki tona riri i iti tuatahi, me te ka kino. Otiia ko te take e kore e anake e - e kore ratou i hiahia ki te kite i tona artist uri. Otiia, ka rite ki te wā i haere i runga i, ka tamaruhia ngakau mātua rite whanga ana ratou ki nga tautooraa o tona tamaiti. A, no te tupu ake o Mark, me te mārama kua i te taranata mo tuhi, ka tonoa e ia ki te ako ki te whakairo rakau. Te taata hohoro whakangungua a hohoro noa nui tona kaiwhakaako. I muri i te tahi mau wa, mohiotia kua he yuntse pūmanawa e maha.

toi Future hiahia wahine Antokolsky Wilna General V. Nazimova, nei i awhina taranata taitamariki. Ko te whakawhetai ki a ia tuutuu ore, a tangohia ana Mark Relations ki ako i te Academy o Toi. I tukua e ia ki te riro i te tūao i roto i te piha haapiiraa whakairo.

Ko te paetae tuatahi

Kua i roto i te tau 1864 e tango Mark Matveevich Antokolsky he mētara hiriwa mo te awhina tiketike "Hurai-kaka" i hanga e ia. I muri i te mahi pakeke o wha tau taata whiwhi he tohu koura mo te tauturu teitei ui ko e "Ko e kaiponu."

E te ara, i te ākonga i te Academy o Toi taata maitai taukei te reo Russian, me te he moni mātātoa i roto i te tuhinga, me te hītori Russian. Ko te kupu he mea tika ki te whakaaro e i te kāinga korero ia Yiddish. Mīharo i te ahurea Russian, hanga ana e ia he whakapakoko o "Ivan Grozny" i roto i te 1970, e whakaara ake reira tata ki te rangi - i te kuao toi riro Antokolsky te taitara o te academician i tona kura. haere mai Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, nei ko te kaiwhakaruruhau o te Academy o Toi, ki te ahuareka mafakamatalai i te aroaro o te mahi a Mark. Ko ia te tangata e korero e pā ana ki te tangata taitama pūmanawa ki te Hiha Alexander II, i runga i nei te whakapakoko o te pāngia rite te pai. Ia tae noa faaoti ki te hoko i te reira mo te Hermitage ka hoatu ki te mahi 8 mano moni, i te wa i nei he nui nui o te moni.

wā paari

Antokolsky Mark Matveevich, tona haurongo e whakaaro tatou, i muri i puta i te Academy faaoti ki te haere ki Paris, me Roma. E te ara, i roto i aua ra i reira noa mō ngā ākonga. Ko ki te mea, te mahi. I whakapono te reira i e i roto i te tikanga mo te ki he tangata hei he ariki pai, a ko taea ki te kawe te tahi mea hou, i ia kia kite i te mahi o te toi pai i roto i te taketake me te ki te rumaki ia ratou i roto i te huru ahurea. Monument ki a Pita 1 i roto i Taganrog hapu i whakairo noa i roto i tona whakangungu i te Academy, engari mahi ki runga ki taua mea, ka anga ia anake i roto i Roma. Whakarara ki tenei, ka te tangata he mema ōrite o te Paris Academy. Kua i roto i 1878 whakaatu e ia ona fakatupu pai i te Exhibition Ao tū i roto i Paris. E te ara, whakaaro Pita 1 tohu i roto i Taganrog te tika tetahi o te pai.

riro toi Antokolsky te tohu taea teitei me te Order o te Rihiona o Whakahonoretia. I muri i te tahi mau wa, kua he tangata kua he mema ōrite o te maha hunga pukenga i roto i te Western Europe: London, Vienna, Berlin me etahi atu.

tau i muri mai

I roto i te 1889, hanga he tangata whakapakoko "Nestor te kaiwhakamahara." 2 tau i muri mai whakaoti te toi e rua atu mahi nui: te whakapakoko o te parahi "Ermak" me majolica "Yaroslav Mudry."

I tua atu ki whakairo, Mark tuhituhi he rota i roto i nga tau tata nei. Ana tuhinga i runga i toi whakaputaina he momo o makasini i Europe. I roto i te 1887 whakaputaina e ia tona "Autobiography", me te aroaro o tata tona matenga, i tuhituhi e ia te pukapuka "Ben-Ihaka" nei i oti rawa i tona ora ki nga Hurai.

I muri whakaputaina te matenga o te pukapuka o te tangata nui i "Mark Matveevich Antokolsky. Tona ora, mahi, reta, me ngā tuhinga. "

mate Antokolsky i Frankfurt ahau Main, engari etahi tautohe i tukua e ia ki te rangi i roto i te pa o Bad Homburg. I tanumia ia i te Liliú o te urupā Hurai i roto i St Petersburg. E tano ia tapao e ko te tangata tamarikitanga he whakapono, he aha i noho hoki te toenga o ona ra, te mātakitaki i te tikanga o porohiraiti. whakapaipai te tohu i te whakapakoko o te ture pukapuka, rama, me te Star o Rawiri.

whānau

Ka rite ki mo te hapu, i te toi e kore wahine ranei tamariki. whakaaro tona utuafare te ki hei te irāmutu Elena Tarhanova, ko wai i hoki te toi. marena te wahine i ki te physiologist rongonui Ivanom Tarhanovym. Ki te Antokolsky i whanaunga ratou wairua, na kua puritia tonu te reira i roto i te pa, tahi ite he raruraru auaha.

meka ngā

tohu whakairo antokolsky rawa rongonui. maha kau muimui a te tangata pūmanawa peheé. E rua o ratou - te reira Boris Schatz me Ilya Ginzburg.

Ko te whakairo Russian-hanga tuatahi, i hokona i roto i te Te Hau-ā-uru - mahi Antokolsky "Tsar Ivan Vasilievich te Terrible." ko mahi riro i roto i te Kensington Museum.

I roto i Hiruharama i reira ko te ara e kiia nei ko muri i Antokolsky.

"Ermak" me "Ivan Grozny"

A feruri i tohu tetahi o nga whakairo tino ngā antokolsky - "Ermak". Tuatahi, kia mea a e nga mahi katoa o whakairo mahi i roto i te kāhua o te talena, a he aha e ratou pera ātaahua. I tua atu, mōhio tatou te pū, me te mārama o ana fakatupu. timata te mahi i runga i te "Ermak" Antokolsky i 1881. Ermak Timofeevich - ahua hītori. rangatira mohiotia Cossack nei arahina te raupatu o Siberia mo te āhua Russian. Ehara i te mea maere e Mark, ko wai i na anaanatae i roto i te aamu Russian, ngā Ermak ahua. Na kua rēhitatia te whakaaro rawa o reira te rā a tawhio - te tercentenary o te raupatu o Siberia. Kua tae mai "Top" i te wa ano mana faaue ki te waihanga i tētahi whakairo.

Ahakoa te meka e i roto i te tuhinga i reira he nui ngā whakaahuatanga o te hero, hiahia Antokolsky ki te kawe i te whakapakoko marama, whakaatu kare. I mua ia i te mahi ki te waihanga i tētahi whakapakoko e e kua kanohi te mana o te wairua o te iwi Russian katoa. Te maere rahi, mau whakahaere Mark Matveevich ki waihanga reira katoa i roto i ngā āhuatanga kanohi o te tangata kotahi. He ahua nui o te tangata haaputapū me tona rahi me te mana. Ko reira taa'eraa i hanga te patu toa ki te tika nui, me te motuhēhē hītori. pau He rota o te wā me te kaha i runga i te hanganga o tenei whakairo whakamiharo, engari ko reira utu reira.

Statue "Ivan Grozny" ko te mahi nui tuatahi o nga tangata. whakamana ana tēnei hanga te ki te aro rerekē ki te taipitopito. noho ana te kingi i runga i te torona tiketike, hipoki ki te koti ngohengohe ana pokohiwi, me ki ona waewae - te mana ki runga ki te whenua katoa. E mea maere pehea i roto i te kotahi whakairo Marc Antokolsky taea tuhituhi tata katoa iwi mātanga ka i nui ki a ia e. I roto i tona kingitanga, i te kingi ki te haere i roto i na nui, he aha i ia i roto i tona koroheketanga i wehi. Heoi, ko te kingi tino uaua ki te whakaae ratou hape, a no te mea kei te tītaha reira hoki, hanga titiro reira rite te tangata tawhito pakeke. Ahakoa te mōhio o ana hara, e kore ia e taea e ui mo te faaoreraa hara, he aha riro te reira ara uaua.

Mark Matveevich Antokolsky: "mate o Socrates"

I whanau te whakaaro i te kaituhi i te tau 1874. Kei te mohiotia te reira e maha o nga mahi o te Kaihanga e ki tonu i te whakaari i roto, rawa nga whakapakoko o whakaaro onamata. I hanga tēnei mahi i roto i te 1877.

a Socrates, he whiriwhiri: ki te whakarere i tana whakaaro ranei mate. Whakaaro whiriwhiria te ara tuarua. Ko te mahi o te whakairo ko ki te whakaatu i te ngaro tamau o te ora, me te nui morare o te feat. E Mark ka mea a Matveevich hiahia ia ki te waihanga i te whakairo i te wa o te mate o Socrates, ki te whakaatu i te ati rahi o te āhua o te mate iwi mo o ratou whakaaro.

korero matou e pā ana ki te ora, me te mahi o te toi Antokolsky. ki tonu o nga ngā kahore anake, engari ano hoki mau fifi tona ara i roto i te ora ko. Ahakoa etahi pakanga ā-, pakeke haere te tangata i mua, me te mahi i nga mea aroha koutou, ka kawe mai i te reira ki te tino.