Te Union African (AU) - he whakahaere te äpiti ao. Whāinga, Mema States

Ko te ao hou, ko te hapori multipolar. mohiotia whānuitia ko te rōpū he halá o whenua Pākehā, rite te Pākehā Union. Na roto i te faaauraa ki tenei hapori o whenua African kua whakapumautia ratou hanganga rohe - te Union Awherika.

Rā o whakatūnga o te whakahaere

Kei te kore tonu whakapumautia mārama rā o te whakahaere. Te hapori ao whakaae huritau Union 9 Hōngongoi 2002. whakaaro te rā taketake o Mei 26, 2001 Ko nga kaiuru o rōpū. He aha te mea i reira he rerekētanga taua?

tangohia tikanga i runga i te hanganga o te Union African i roto i Mahuru 1999 i te hui faahiahia o upoko Awherika o te kāwanatanga i roto i Ripia (i roto i Sirte). Te tau e whai ake nei, whakaaetia e ratou te mahi i runga i te whakatū o te tihi AU i roto i Lome (Togo) ka whakapuakina te whakatūnga o te uniana. I roto i te Mei 2001, kua whakamanatia e rima tekau-kotahi whenua African te mahi i runga i kaikōrero mātauranga. Heoi i reira ko te rā tuatahi.

37th OAU Assembly i Hōngongoi i tēnei tau i roto i Lusaka (whakapaipai o Zambia) kua whakaaetia i te tuhinga taketake whakaahua i te pūtake ture, me te pūrere o te whakahaere hou. Te Haamauraa i te Tūtohinga kua whakakapia te OAU Tūtohinga, i ko te pūtake ture mo te wā katoa o te whakawhitinga i te AU ki te åŒ (i roa te tau). Hōngongoi 9, 2002 mo te wa tuatahi ka uakina e te tihi AU, i puritia i roto i Durban (Awherika ki te Tonga). I whiriwhiria e te reira Thabo Mbeki, peresideni o Awherika ki te Tonga, te peresideni tuatahi o te Uniana Awherika. whakaaro tenei te timatanga o te hītori o te Union African Pakeha.

Take o Union

Ko te Union African ko te whakahaere nui o āhua o te fenua Awherika. nui haere ona take i huringa ōhanga me te tōrangapū i roto i te ao i muri i te hanganga o te rōpū he halá tuatahi o whenua Awherika.

I muri i motuhake, whitu whenua African i roto i 1960, i huaina "tau o Awherika", kua whakaritea e ratou matenga ki te mahi tahi ki te whakaoti i te raruraru e pupū ake. Hoki i roto i te tau 1963, piri te whenua ratou mau tautooraa i roto i te anga o te Whakahaere o Awherika e uouangatahá. Ko te whāinga tuatahi o te feohi ā-kāwanatanga tōrangapū ko: te tiaki o motuhake motu, me te tapatahi rohe o States, te whanaketanga o te mahi tahi i waenganui i nga whenua o te Union, te otinga o tautohetohe rohe, mahi tahi i roto i ao katoa o te ora, te arotahi ki te mahi tahi te ao.

Na roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau, kua rite te nuinga o nga whāinga i. Nā ki huringa faufaa i roto i te anga o te mahi tahi te ao nga wero hou fehangahangai e whenua African. I runga i te pūtake o te OAU, i whakaritea e te reira ki te hanga i tētahi mono ki ngā whāinga hou. titau te āhuatanga ōhanga o nāianei i roto i Africa he rapu o te hou tikanga whai hua mō te whakatau raruraru.

Ko te rerekētanga matua

I hanga i te taha o te uniana o whenua African kua whakawhanakehia, ka tīmata te whakatinanatanga o te hōtaka ōhanga o NEPAD (nga reta tuatahi o te ingoa Ingarihi New Partnership mo Development Africa s) - «New Partnership mō te Whanaketanga o Africa". Ko te hōtaka tā te āhua whanaketanga dalnesrochnoe i runga i te pūtake o te kōmitimiti ki ia mahi tahi atu me te rite ki te hapori ao.

Tauwhiro Union i runga i te whāinga kaupapa here matua i runga i tumu ōhanga, rite whakaaturanga hītori, he pānga painga i runga i te otinga o te raruraru ngā o whenua Awherika. E pā ana tēnei ki te rerekētanga matua i waenganui i te OAU me te AU. whakaritea mahi tahi Economic o āhua e kahore e ngana ana ki te huri i te wehenga tōrangapū, me te whakahaere ngā.

Ko te whakaaro o te whakahaere

Ko te whāinga tuatahi o te tuitui ōhanga tīpakohia o Africa. mahi tahi Economic me tōrangapū, i honoa e ki te whakapakari o te mana i te taumata o te ao e hāngai ana te whakatutuki i te whāinga o te tiaki i te mana arii, me te hanga o ngā āhuatanga tino pai mō te ora o te iwi o Africa.

mahi matua

Hei whakatutuki i ēnei whāinga i te ahunga taketake o te mahi, whakatakoto rite te raruraru o te Uniana Awherika. I roto i te wahi tuatahi ko te whanaketanga me te whakapakari o te tuitui African i roto i te ao pāpori-ōhanga, me te tōrangapū. titau hoki tona whakatinanatanga whakatinanatanga o te whāinga tuarua: ki te tiaki i nga ngākau nuitanga o te taupori o te fenua na roto i te whakatairanga ratou ki te taumata o te ao. Mai i te tuatahi e rua nga mahi e whai ake nei, kahore nei e kore e taea ki te whakatutuki i te whakatinanatanga o te hunga o mua: te tiaki o te rangimarie i roto i nga whenua katoa o te fenua, me ratou haumaru. Na te wero whakamutunga: poipoi pūtahi manapori me te tiaki tika tangata.

States - te mau melo o te Union

Ki te rā, te Union African ngā āhua e rima tekau-wha. Ki te whakaaro tetahi e kei te fenua African te rima tekau-rima whenua me āhua mōhiotia me whaiaro-karangatia rima, ko reira tata katoa whenua African. I roto i te parau tumu, te uniana o āhua African kore e tomo ki te rangatiratanga o Morocco, te whakamārama tona kore whakatau tika o te Uniana ki te tango i roto i te Sahara Western. whakaaro Morocco nga tona rohe.

Whenua i roto i te Union African, kihai i i te wa ano. Te nuinga o ratou, ko nga kaiwhakatū o te Whakahaere o Awherika e uouangatahá i 1963. I muri i te huringa o te OAU, haere ana ratou katoa ki te Union African. I roto i te 1963, e rua tekau-rima o Mei uniana ra ngā: Algeria, Benin (tae noa ki 1975 Tahomi), Burkina Faso (tae noa ki 1984 Upper Volta), Burundi, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, te Manapori Republic o te Congo, Ihipa, Cameroon, Congo, Côte Rei (tae noa ki 1986 mohiotia rite Ivory Coast), Madagascar, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Ripia, Morocco (wehe i te Union i 1984), ko Nikera, Rwanda, Senegal, Uganda, Somalia, Sierra Leone, Togo, Nigeria, Tunisia, Central African Republic, Chad, Sudan, Etiopia. I roto i te Hakihea, ka haere mai te tekau ma toru o nga taua tau i roto i te OAU ki Kenya.

Te whakanui ake i te rahi o te fenua ki te Union

I roto i te 1964, ka te OAU Tanzania - January 16, Malawi - 13 Hōngongoi, Zambia - 16 Hakihea. piri Gambia i Oketopa 1965, Botswana - nuku 31, 1966. 1968 piri nga rarangi o te tahi atu whenua whakahaere e toru: Mauritius, Swaziland - 24 Mahuru 1968, Equatorial Guinea - 12 Oketopa. Botswana, Lesotho, piri Guinea-Bissau te uniana 19 Oketopa 1973. A i roto i te tau 1975 piri ia Angola - 11 February, Mozambique, Sao Tome me Principe, Cape Verde, Comoros i 18 Hōngongoi. Pipiri 29, tāpiri 1976 Union nga Seychelles. piri Djibouti te tahi atu o Amerika Pipiri 27, 1977, Zimbabwe (whenua millionaires rawakore e kiia ana ko) - i roto i te 1980, Western Sahara - February 22, 1982. arahina nga nineties ano ki te hua i roto i te maha o ngā mema o te Whakahaere o Awherika Uouangataha: piri Namibia i 1990, Mei 24, 1993 ka he mema o Eritrea, Hune 6, 1994 - Āwherika ki te Tonga. Kua riro te whakamutunga mema i roto i te African Union Hōngongoi 28, 2011, hei kua South Sudan.

Ko te kanorau o te whenua whai wāhi

Ko te kaikōrero ngā te whenua i roto i ona wero whanaketanga pāpori-ōhanga i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te whanaketanga. tohu tatou i etahi o ratou.

e kore te mea iho Country Nigeria ki te toenga o Africa te wahi tuatahi i roto i ngā o te taupori. Heoi, he mea anake i roto i te tekau ma wha wahi i runga i te rohe o tona rohe. Mai 2014 Kua riro te kāwanatanga he kaihanga ārahi o te hinu i roto i Africa.

Guinea-Bissau - tetahi o nga whenua rawakore i roto i te ao, kī i roto i te runga e rima. E kore e whakawhanakehia ana te putunga hinu taonga o bauxite me phosphates. Ko te mahi matua o te taupori - hī me te raihi māra.

Ko te whenua rawakore āwangawanga Senegal. kawea te whanaketanga o putunga o te koura, te hinu, ore rino me te parahi i roto i painga. ora State i runga i moni tokoni'ofa fakaetangata i ki waho.

Cameroon - he whenua o rerekē. I runga i te ringa kotahi, ko te āhua ki te rāhui hinu nui tenei, kī tahi i roto i te whenua hinu-te whakaputa i roto i Africa. Tenei taea ki a koe karanga te kāwanatanga whaiaro-ranea whenua. I te tahi atu te ringa, te hawhe o tona taupori ko raro te raina rawakore.

parau tumu faufaa

Kua arahina e te hāngaitanga o te pakanga patu i waenganui i nga whenua e rua ki te hanganga o te parau tumu taketake o te AU. He hiahia i roto i te whiwhi tika o te mana me te huru o putunga o ngā kohuke i roto i te rohe o te fenua corporations transnational me kiea rohe. Hei ārai i ngā papā patu taea whänui ana te whakaaetia āhukahuka o nga rohe kāwanatanga o nga mema o te uniana e kua whakaturia e ratou mo te roanga o ratou paetae o motuhake.

ka mau Union te tika ki te whakatika wawaotanga i nga take o te mau melo o Amerika o te whakahaere, ki te hanga i te whakatau e rua-hautoru o nga mema o katoa o te Runanga o Heads o State ko Kāwanatanga. Tenei whakatau me te whakamahinga muri o te AU taea hōia i roto i te take o te kohuru ki nga iwi ngā, hara ki te tangata, me te whawhai hara.

Iho me te auaha

Ko te parau tumu hou ko e kore te nga Heads o Kawanatanga, e haere mai ki te kaha i roto i te ture, mo te whakamahi i roto i te kaikōrero whakaaetia. Hoki faainoino ngā whenua i te whānuitanga o ngā aukati mai i whakatārewatanga o pōti i roto i te Assembly a whakamutu ki te mutunga o te mahi tahi ōhanga. Measures hei whakapiki i te te hopoi'a o upoko o te kāwanatanga.

I roto i te ao te ao piri AU ki te parau tumu o te tahi, me te Non-tiaroarotia karangatia i roto i te tūtohinga o te Kotahitanga o.

mana hanganga

Ka te Runanga o Heads o State ko Kāwanatanga i te matenga o nga mana nui rawa o te Uniana African, ka kia huihui kotahi te tau. Ko te peka whakahaere ngoi ana te Kōmihana AU. Hoki te pōtitanga o te Tiamana o te Komihana AU me nga pōtitanga tiamana AU e tū kotahi te tau. Kua whakawhanakehia e te OAU te ahua o iho: te Heamana o te Union African e te upoko o te State wahi i tū te tihi. Ko te hanganga o te kāwanatanga ngā kōwhiri Pan African Pāremata (VAP).

ahu te rāngai ture e te Union Kooti, mo e ko te whakanohonga te whenua o Nigeria. Hei whakaoti i te raruraru o te katoa-Union i hanga te Awherika Central Bank, African Fund moni, te African Investment Bank. Ka rite ki hiahiatia, kua te tika ki te whakarite i ngā komiti hangarau motuhake ki te mahi ki ngā take kōhukihuki te Runanga. Ko te kupu ka whakatika te Union i te ōhanga, kaupapa here pāpori me te ahurea. I roto i te 2010, i hanga e nga hoia, tuatahi whakakapi e ope-rohe rauiwi.

E waru ngā mema te African Union Kōmihana. pūkete Women mo te nuinga o ratou (e rima o waru). Ture i runga i te GSA taunaki ana e tomo koutou wahine e rua i roto i nga kawana whakahauanga rima i ia uniana kāwanatanga mema.

He urungi Center me te Awherika Union Whakahaere i Etiopia i Addis Ababa pa.

Tuhinga mo te whanaketanga o te Uniana African

whangai ana senekele rua tekau-tuatahi ki te karo i ngā āhuatanga i möhio, te aufauraa i te ake me te ake aro ki te hanganga me te whanaketanga o ngā hanganga Supranational. I teie mahana, tahuri whakahaere äpiti ao ki te pokapū o tautooraa ki te whakatutuki i te raruraru ao o tenei ra. Integration o whenua African, e mo te wahi tino no ki te kāwai o te rawakore, hangaia te ki te whakakotahi tautooraa ki te whakakore i te take o te whakatupuranga o te kāwanatanga mendicant.

AS whakakapi te rua ngā ia i te aroaro o ngā whakahaere äpiti ao: OAU me NPP (te Economic Community African). Ko te mahi o te tipu te mana karihi, hangaia e toru tekau ma wha nga tau (mai i 1976) hoki kahore i ahei ki te akakoromaki i te pānga kino o te ao. tūranga tika he kaikōrero hangaia.