Te huakita: he ara o kai, hanganga āhuatanga, wāhi noho

E aparau teie tuhinga nga kaiao tino tawhito - huakita. Aratohu me te wāhi noho o enei rauropi he tino kanorau. Kia pehea te tūhonohono enei āhuatanga?

āhuatanga General o huakita

Ko te huakita ko te rōpū o ngā rauropi mōkitokito. He prokaryotes ratou. tikanga o tēnei e kore e roto i to ratou pūtau karihi puta. kei to ratou rauemi ira te annular DNA rāpoi ngota kei tika i roto i te cytoplasm.

He tino kanorau āhua o ngā pūtau kitakita. kia tango ratou i te ahua o te poi, tokotoko, karepe, koropetau, whetu, me te m kupiki. huakita P. taputapu ausia māngai membrane permeable, mucous capsule me te taiepa pūtau murein tënei o pectin ranei. I roto i te cytoplasm me ribosomes prokaryotic he āhuatanga cytoskeletal.

Bacteria: he ara o te kai, me te taiao ora

Nā ki te tapatahi o te hanganga, kua taukei nga huakita kāinga katoa. E kitea ratou i roto i te wai, te oneone, te hau, toka, puna wera, i runga i te mata tinana i roto i te whekau o tipu, kararehe, me te tangata. Na roto i te ara o huakita kai he rua-aunoa, me heterotrophs.

Kei roto te mua i roto i to ratou pūtau, te chloroplasts plastids e ai puta ahotakakame. Ko tōna hua ko te kūhuka warowaihā, whakamahia nei te ki te whakatinana i te tukanga ngā o te ora. ka karanga ano nga kaiao whakamahia mo te kōtuitui o ngā matū waro pūngao kōmaru, phototrophs. Ko ētahi o ēnei matomato, papura, me te cyanobacteria.

Ko tētahi atu rōpū o te huakita autotrophic whakamahi mo te ora o te pūngao o here matū. tahuri ratou nga pūhui matatini ki ohie. huaina ana tēnei tukanga ko chemosynthesis. Tauira o taua rauropi he whanariki, he rino, me huakita hauota-whakatika.

Na rōpū feunga maha o ngā prokaryotes heterotrophic. tei to ratou supply mana i runga i te taiao. Tei runga i tenei, i reira e toru ngā rōpū o huakita:

• saprotrophs;
• pirinoa;
• kaiao taupuhipuhi.

Kia whakaaro tatou ia o ratou i roto i ngā kōrero.

saprotrophs

Tenei rōpū o huakita nohoia pāpāho katoa i roto i mea organic. kia oneone, ngā tipu me ngā kararehe tenei. Hei tauira, te huakita o te pirau o te mana, he tikanga saprotroph. hanehane ratou mea organic, tango i te matūkai.

He pera ano te huarahi o te kaha o te huakita waikawa lactic. Kei te whānui ratou kaha ki te rīriri warowaihā whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi kai. Kefir, rewena te waiu tunua, tīhi, miraka pē - nga hua ururua katoa o tenei momo o prokaryotes.

waikura

huakita Parasitic, te tikanga i te mea hoki he heterotrophic mana noho roto ranei i runga i te mata o te tahi atu rauropi. Kai kai rangatira o te ora, meinga ratou mate nui. Hei tauira, te koripi Bacillus, e whakamahatia i te whēkau, ai ngoikore, kirika, ānini, inoino o te heamana - faaiteraa katoa o te koripi. "Ko te mate o ringa paru" e te maha ki rite salmonellosis, taipō piwa me te korara. Kua meinga katoa o ratou i te ingestion o prokaryotes pirinoa.

Tangata me te kararehe mate kino he mate kohi, Anthrax, timu, angina, diphtheria, glanders, Brucellosis. He rerekē pūhanga o ratou whakataki ki te tinana:

• kai wai poke kai ranei;
• ara mahino;
• kore ki te ū ki te akuaku.

huakita taupuhipuhi

E nehenehe o te tomo ki whanaungatanga whaihua ki atu nga kingitanga o te natura maha kaiao. Ko ratou kahore okotahi me te huakita. He heterotrophic hoki whakatutuki māngai o tenei rōpū. Heoi, he rite ki te kai matū atu rauropi, kahore meinga kino ratou. I tua atu, he maha painga tenei nĕnĕ.

He tauira o taua mau faaiteraa e nitrifying huakita e ora i roto i te pakiaka o te tipu leguminous. Whiwhi i reira i te oneone i roto i kapiti i roto i te paninga o te kikokiko, timata ratou ki te proliferate mātātoa. Nā tēnei, i roto i te iti, engari he tokomaha mirumiru. Tenei ahua o microorganisms taea ki te whakatika hauota, wahi o te rangi, me te tahuri te reira ki te puka e wātea ana mo te otaota. I roto i tenei take e rite ratou i whakato ngā matūkai, e te hunga i roto i te wairewa.

Tangata huakita taupuhipuhi he prokaryotes e ora i roto i tona punuatuna. Here, hua ratou whākōkī, ngä atu wāwāhi o te maha o ngā pūhui matū waro. Ko te huakita o te kiri, me kiriuhi mucous ārai i te whakanohonoho o "ke" prokaryotes.

Ko te kupu, huakita he kaiao prokaryotic pūtau-tahi. kia kia takitahi synthesized ratou pūhui organic (autotrophs) me rite ki te kai (heterotrophs).