Te ARP, RARP, IP, ICMP. He aha te whakamahia te kawa ARP te?

Ki te paraparau te mīhini ki tetahi atu pūrere ōrite i roto i te kupenga kotahi, titau tenei hononga te-wāhitau MAC tinana ranei. Heoi, ko te tono kawenga mō kōrero, e rapu te whakamahi o tetahi tikanga e taea ki te pāhono i te IP-wāhitau ki te MAC-wāhitau.

whakamana ana tēnei tikanga e te whakamahi i te kawa taumira wāhitau (ARP). Ngā mihi ki a ratou, i reira he translation o te kōpuku ūnga IP-wāhitau, e whakamōhio te puna MAC-wāhitau. Ko te kupu, te whakahaere ARP tikanga kōrero o ngā pūrere e rua ina e wā kotahi ratou hono ki te whatunga.

Pehea e mahi i te reira?

tikanga o tēnei e wa katoa te te mīhini e hiahia ki te tonoa pākete raraunga ki te mīhini B, me tonoa te ARP pākete mo te tono B. MAC-wāhitau Heoi, te taniwha tenei e arahi ki te hua i roto i te kawenga whatunga me hokohoko Nuiōrau.

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakaiti i te waka, me te utu o te hononga whatunga, nga rorohiko e whakamahi te ARP-kawa tautoko te keteroki o whakamahere wāhitau IP_to_MAC riro tata, e ko, ratou e kore e whakamahi i ano te ARP.

Heoi, ARP taea etahi fakamahino: ka hiahia ki te tonoa raraunga ki mīhini B te te mīhini, ko reira taea e te haere B ki tonoa te te urupare raraunga i roto i te heke mai e tata ana. Na reira, ki te karo i te whakamahinga o ARP mo te mīhini B, kia te mau tonu tona hononga wāhitau IP_to_MAC i roto i te mōkihi motuhake ki te tono mo te MAC-wāhitau o B. Mai te e tuku tona tono tuatahi ki te MAC-wāhitau B, me kia nekehia atu nga mīhini i runga i te whatunga me rongoa i roto i te tona wāhitau keteroki IP_to_MAC.

A, no te Ko te pūrere i runga i te whatunga (hei tauira, ki te anō te pūnaha whakahaere e), kia pāho reira he wāhitau here kia taea atu mīhini katoa whakaora i te reira i roto i to ratou tautuhinga. e kore e tenei e te makamaka tikanga ARP e kia hiahiatia ai ka tūhono atu pūrere hou.

whakaatu Tauira whakamahi Kawa Resolution Wāhitau

Ka taea e koe te whakaaro i te horopaki i reira tamata te rorohiko ki te hono ki te tahi mau whakaaro mamao, a kahore te tetahi utu IP o mua i waenganui i a ratou kawea i roto i. reira kia whakamahia te reira i ARP-kawa - ki te whakatau i te MAC-wāhitau o te mīhini mamao.

ARP karere tono (e haere i AAAA IP-wāhitau ki BBBB) päpäho te i runga i te LAN ki te momo o te kawa Itarangi. hāngai ana ngā tikanga ARP e i runga i ngā mīhini katoa anake te ūnga, e tataki te karere tono whakautu. Kei roto i tēnei whakautu te IP-wāhitau BBBB, arā pūtake Itarangi wāhitau pūmārō, katahi ka whakapumautia te hono i waenganui i te whakaaro.

kawa ARP me tona whakaaro - whakatau

I taea te kite i te whakaahuatanga i runga, kua whakamahia te Wāhitau Kawa Resolution mō te whakatū taunekeneke i waenganui i nga whakaaro ngā i roto i te whatunga. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, tenei hangarau, kahore nei e kore te mea taea te hononga noa. Ko ahakoa he taea te mahi ARP waho te tahi atu tawhā whatunga? Tino taea. Na reira, kia whakaaro koutou atu tikanga, te tākaro he wāhi nui.

kawa taumira wāhitau whakamuri

RARP Ko te kawa i ai ai te rorohiko tinana i runga i te whatunga rohe tono he te IP-wāhitau i te Wāhitau tepu kuwaha ranei tūmau keteroki Kawa Resolution. Ko te kaiwhakahaere whatunga hanga he tepu i roto i te kuwaha pouara LAN, e whakaatu te wāhitau tinana o te mīhini ranei (ranei te wāhitau o te mana uru pāpāho - MAC) whanaunga ki te kawa hāngai. A, no te te hono te pūrere hou ki te whatunga, tona RARP-kiritaki hanga he tono ki te tūmau, ki te unga tona IP-wāhitau. Mā i hanga te lekooti i roto i te tepu pouara, hoki RARP tūmau te IP-wāhitau o te mīhini e taea te rokiroki i te reira no te whakamahi i muri mai. Ko te kupu, taumira wāhitau kawa ARP tonu hono ki te RARP.

Ko te tikanga taipitopito

Na he mīhini e take te tono me te tūmau, e whakautu ki reira - te whakamahi ratou katoa te wāhitau whatunga tinana i roto i te wātū. Ka rite ki te tikanga, e kore e te kaitono mohio te wāhitau tinana. Ko te kupu, haapurorohia te tono te ki mihini katoa i runga i te whatunga. Na, me te tautuhi i te rōpū tono ratou i roto i te pā ana ki te tūmau. Hoki te PTM taea te whakamahi tau rangatū ranei te wāhitau tinana o nga mihini whatunga. Ko te whakamahi o te wāhitau tinana rite te pūtāutu ahurei e rua painga.

Enei wāhitau E tonu e wātea ana, me te kore e hono ki te waehere whawhai.
Mai tei te mōhiohio te tāutu i runga i te whatunga, kaua ki te i te kaihoko PTM, ka whai waka katoa te pūwehe ahurei o te whatunga.

Mahi Time RARP

Mai whakamahi RARP te whatunga tinana tika, e kore e kore atu kawa pūmanawa ka urupare ki te tono ki te nama i te reira ranei. Me whakatau fakafo'ituitui Pūmanawa RARP enei mau tamataraa. Ētahi teihana e whakawhirinaki i runga i RARP ki te tiki, e taea toutou ngana anō ake noa riro ratou i te whakautu. Ētahi atu implementations i te kore i muri i te maha o ngā nganatanga, ki te karo i ngāwari i te whatunga ki haapurororaa faufaa.

kawa IP / ICMP / ARP

kawa ICMP herea tikanga, kuwaha, me nga mano e kua whakamahia ki te whakahaere i te hononga, riro koe i te pūrongo hapa ranei. whakarato Kawa Ipurangi he tohu haere mai i kuwaha ki te waharoa noa tae te reira i te wāhi e taea te whakaora tika reira ki te ūnga whakamutunga. Ki te kore e taea e te kuwaha unga ranei e whakaora raraunga, kitea reira he huru rerekē rite popoketanga whatunga ranei, kia whakaatu i te reira i te karere e pā ana ki reira ki te tango mehua ki te karo i te whakatika i te raru ranei.

Mana Kawa Ipurangi Karere (ICMP) taea kuwaha tuku hapa mana ranei karere ki ētahi atu kuwaha mano ranei. Ko te kupu, whakarato ICMP kōrero i waenganui i ngā kawa Ipurangi i runga i rua nga rorohiko hono.

Kua tēnei tikanga motuhake kua tapiritia ki te ngā i roto i te tua ki TCP / IP-tikanga. āhei te reira ki a koutou te whakamahi i te kuwaha Ipurangi ki pūrongo hapa, ki te whakarato i ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te whawhati tata ranei. I tahaki, e kore e te IP-kawa i roto i tetahi e taea te āwhina te manatoko i te hononga ki te kaituku ranei kitea tetahi he.

TCP / kawa IP

TCP / IP-kawa whakarato taputapu e taea te āwhina kaiwhakahaere whatunga me ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te tāutu i ngā raruraru whatunga. Ko tētahi o nga taputapu patuiro tino whakamahia noa ko te tono ICMP me te manako te karere whakautu. I te wa ano, ka tukua te ope kuwaha ranei paoro tono ICMP karere ki te wāhitau i whakaritea. Tetahi mīhini e tango ana i te tono paoro, formulates te whakautu, me te hoki ki te kaituku taketake. I roto i tenei take, kei te whakautu i tētahi tārua o te raraunga tonoa i roto i te tono, me te whakautu e hāngai ana.

Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei kawa ki taki mēnā te ūnga me ranei whakapā ki a ia he wātea. I roto i te tahuri, kawa ARP - ko tenei te pūmārō whakamahia i roto i te tua ki TCP / IP me tika mō te kōrero tika i waenganui i ngā pūrere i roto i te whatunga.