Tauira whakahaere Classification. Whakarōpū o tauira ohaoha, me te pāngarau

A feruri i te ariā o "tauira. tauira kōmaka "i te wāhi pūtaiao o te tirohanga.

whakarōpū

I tēnei wā, i reira te mea he wehenga ki ngā rōpū takitahi. Tei runga i te whakaaro o taua auraa te whakarōpū te tauira econometric:

• whakamahinga ariā me te tātari e pā ana ki te rangahau ngā āhuatanga noa, me ngā tauira;
• tauira tono e hāngai ana hei whakaoti rapanga ōhanga motuhake. Ko ētahi o ēnei tauira matakite, tātari ohaoha, whakahaere.

Whakarōpū o tauira ohaoha, me te pāngarau, me te e pā ana ki te hōkai o ratou tono i ngā.

tirotiro tauira

Tei runga i te take lalahi, kua wehea taua tauira ki ngā rōpū:

• tauira production rite te katoa;
• kōwhiringa takitahi mō rohe, iti-pūnaha, rängai;
• tauira matatini o kohi, production, tohatoha, me te hanganga o ngā rauemi tangata, moni, here pūtea.

Whakarōpū o tauira raraunga rōpū tā te tohanga o pūnaha hanganga, mahi, hanganga, me te mahi.

I roto i te whakahaere rangahau i runga i te taumata ōhanga, tauira hanganga whakamārama te hononga o te pūnaha takitahi. Ka rite ki kōwhiringa noa koutou e taea e te tīpako i te tauira o ngā pūnaha interbranch.

E whakamahia rerekē Taumahi mo te ture ōhanga o whanaunga koloa-moni. E nehenehe te reira kotahi ka māngai te ahanoa taua kei roto i te puka o mahi, puka hanganga wā kotahi.

Taupānga i roto i rangahau ōhanga i te taumata o ngā tauira hanganga tūāpapa pūnaha ngatahi. Angamaheni i roto i tenei take e ā-manga tauira whanaunga.

tauira Taumahi Kei te whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te mara o te ture ōhanga. Angamaheni i roto i tenei take ko te whanonga kiritaki i roto i ngā o whanaunga koloa-moni.

Rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā tauira

Kia tātari tatou nga tauira rerekē. Whakarōpū o tauira e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā i roto i te ōhanga, tā te tohanga o kōwhiringa normative me whakamārama. Mā te tauira whakamārama e taea te tātarihia ki te whakamārama i te meka ki matapae i te taea o te oraraa o etahi meka.

Ko te whakaaro o te pakanga whakamārama

Ko tā te reira i te tāutu tëtehi o te ririki rerekē i roto i te ōhanga hou. Hei tauira, whakaturia nga regularities tauanga o te whanonga ōhanga o rerekē rōpū pāpori, ako nga ara taea o te whanaketanga o ngā tukanga motuhake i raro i ngā āhuatanga tonu, kahore tetahi awenga waho. I runga i te hua whiwhi i roto i te akoranga o te pooti, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi tauira o te kiritaki tono.

tauira ture

Ki te to ratou awhina, ka taea e tatou amo mahi pūtake ana. Ka rite ki te tauira, whakaaro he tauira o te whakamahere tino arotau.

Ka taea e Economic-pāngarau tauira kia normative me whakamārama. Ki te te tauira toenga interbranch whakamahia te i roto i te tātaritanga o hanganga o te wā mua, whakamārama ai. A, no te tātai ki te awhina o nga ara pai o te ōhanga ko reira normative.

tohu tauira

Whakarōpū o tauira e ki whakaaro nga āhuatanga motuhake e te tauturu i mārama ngā o te totohe. kitea horapa te huarahi whakamārama mōrahi i roto i te whaihanga.

Tei runga i te āhua o te rapunga o causality reira ko te tauira whakarōpū ki kōwhiringa e ngā etahi āhuatanga o papû ore, me te randomness, me ngā tauira etaeta deterministic. He mea nui ki te wehewehe i waenganui i te papu ore, e hāngai ana nei i runga i te ariā o te tūponotanga, me te papû ore e haere ki tua atu i te rohe o te ture.

Wehewehe tauira rite ki tikanga whakaata tauwehe wā

Kei te riro te reira i whakarōpū o tauira o tenei take i roto i nga momo hihiri me te pateko. tauira pateko whakaaro whakaaro o ture katoa i roto i te tetahi wā o te wā. taatou hihiri te āhuatanga i roto i te huringa wā. Tei runga i te roanga o te tono o te tauira whakarōpūtanga taea te kōwhiringa e whai ake nei:

• wā-poto, te roanga o te mea iti iho i te he tau;
• wā-waenga-, tatau mo te wā o tetahi ki te rima tau;
• wā roa-, tatau mo te wā o neke atu i te rima tau.

Tei runga i te pau o te kaupapa, kia mau ai ki ngā rerekētanga i roto i te whakamahi o tauira.

Ko te āhua o te whanaungatanga pāngarau

I runga i te tauira whakarōpū ko te ahua o te whanaungatanga pāngarau, whiriwhiria hoki te mahi. Te nuinga whakamahia hoki te tātai me te tātaritanga o te piha haapiiraa o tauira rārangi. A feruri i te momo o ngā tauira ohaoha. Whakarōpū o tauira o tenei ahua āwhina ki te ako i te huringa i roto i te kohi, me te kiritaki hiahia i roto i te take o te tupu o to ratou moni rauemi. I tua atu, mā te whakamahi i te tauira ohaoha tātari nga huringa hiahia o te taupori i roto i te take o te hua production, tata te whai huatanga o ngā rauemi i roto i te āhuatanga ngā.

Tei runga i te ōwehenga o ngā taurangi endogenous me exogenous e kua whakaurua i roto i te tauira e whakamahia ana whakarōpū o tauira o enei momo i roto i te pūnaha kati, me te tuwhera.

kia whakauru i tetahi tauira i te iti rawa kia kotahi te ana'iraa endogenous, me ngā pūnaha reira tino tuwhera ki te kitea tino raruraru. Tauira kore e nei ngā te taurangi exogenous (putanga kati) he whakauaua noa hoki. I roto i te tikanga ki te hanga i tētahi horopaki taua, he mea e tika ana ki te tino ruru i te taiao, ki te ārai i coarsening nui o te pūnaha ōhanga tūturu he whanaunga waho.

Ki te whakanui ake i nama o te whakarōpū rangahau pāngarau, me te ōhanga o tauira, ngā pūnaha, nui atu uaua. I tēnei wā i reira he momo whakauru, me te hanganga tauira mātanga. whakarōpū kotahi o te tauira mōhiohio e kore e tāuta i tēnei wā. Kia kï hoki e pā ana ki te tawhā tatini, i runga i nei i reira he tīaroaro o tauira momo.

momo o tauira

whakaahuatanga Monographic waha ranei o te tauira tukanga riro tītohunga ranei. E mea pinepine te mea he pātai e pā ana ki te ture, ture, ture tauwehe, he huinga o te maha tawhā ranei.

hanga tauira whakairoiro te i roto i te puka o tuhi, mahere, tuhinga. Hei tauira, ka taea e te hononga i waenganui i te tono kiritaki me te utu o te hanga kia fakafofonga'i e te tuaka taunga. whakaatu ana te kauwhata i te hononga i waenganui i rua rahinga.

tauira Real tinana ranei ki te hanga ahanoa e kei tonu i roto i te vairaa mau e kore e te tīariari.

Ko te tohu o ngā pae whakahiato

He he he whakarōpū o tauira kōrero i runga i te pūtake i runga i:

• rohe, me te āwhina o nei te tātari, me te matapae o tohu motuhake o te whanaketanga o te ahumahi;
• i runga i te moroiti tikanga mo te hanganga tātari production nui;
• tonotono, e hāngai ana i runga i te ako o te ōhanga.

He he ano hoki te whakarōpū motuhake o tauira whakahaere mō momo macroeconomic. E wehea ratou ki kōwhiringa kotahi, rua, maha-rängai.

Tei runga i te whakaaro o te hanga me te whakamahi i titore ana i waenganui i te kōwhiringa e whai ake nei:

• deterministic he hua mārama mārama;
• Stochastic, e whakaaro hua probabilistic.

I roto i te ōhanga o te teie mahana rio mai tauira toenga, e whakaata te titauraa o rite o te turanga rauemi me o ratou tono. Whakamahia mō te tuhi puka chess tāhū, tapawha.

He momo econometric hoki e whakamahia tikanga aromatawai o tatauranga pāngarau. I te taua tauira faaite te whanaketanga o te tohu matua o te pūnaha ōhanga hanga e te au wā roa-(au). Ko ratou i roto i te tono i roto i te tātari me te matapae o etahi āhuatanga ohaoha o te mōhiohio tauanga tūturu.

tauira Arotautanga kia taea ai i te momo o te kē (taea) kōwhiringa ki te whiriwhiri i te kōwhiringa pai o te hanga, te kohi, tohatoha rauemi ranei. Ko te whakamahi o iti rauemi i roto i te āhuatanga i taua e kia te tikanga whai hua tino ki te whiwhi i tēnei whāinga.

tauira whaihanga e tūmanakohia ana ki te whai wāhi i roto i te kaupapa, e kore e anake tohunga, engari ano hoki te pūmanawa motuhake, rorohiko. Hanga rite ki te hua o te pātengi raraunga tohunga tikanga te ki te whakaoti mā te whaihanga i te mahi a te tangata o tetahi atu ranei mahi.

tauira Whatunga He whakawhitinga matatini me ngā honohono i roto i te wā. Nuinga o ngā wā, kei te hangaia tenei tauira mō te mahi i roto i te tikanga e whai ake nei, ki te whakatutuki i te wā iti o te kaupapa.

Tei runga i te momo o taputapu pāngarau tauira taratahi:

• kopu;
• ine pānga me te inenga o;
• whatunga;
• whakahaere rārangi;
• te tāpae.

Ngā wāhanga o te whakatauira ōhanga, me te pāngarau

Kei te hāngai tēnei tukanga, ko reira raro ki etahi hōtaka mahi arorau. I roto i te wāhanga matua o te hanganga o taua te tuku tauira:

• waihanga o ngā raruraru ohaoha, me te whakahaere i ona tātaritanga kounga;
• Whanaketanga o ngā tauira pāngarau;
• faaineineraa o te mōhiohio tuatahi;
• otinga tau;
• tātaritanga o te hua, me to ratou whakamahi.

A, no te toenetanga o te raruraru ōhanga, he mea e tika ana ki te whakapuaki i te raruraru, fakatokanga'i nga āhuatanga nui me ngā tawhā o te ahanoa whakatauira, ki te tātari i te hononga o ngā tūemi takitahi ki te whakamārama i te whanaketanga me te whanonga o te ahanoa.

I roto i te whanaketanga o te tauira pāngarau heheu te hononga i waenganui i te whārite, ngā rerekētanga, mahi. Tuatahi o te katoa, whakatau i te momo o te tauira, te tātari i te taea o te tono i te reira ki te mahi motuhake, i hanga he rārangi motuhake o ngā tawhā me taurangi. A, no te hanga whakaaro taonga matatini tauira raznoaspektnye, te āhuatanga e ia taha ahanoa takitahi.

I tua atu, kei te whakamana i nga Computations pāngarau hiahiatia, kua tātarihia te hua.

mutunga

I tēnei wā, i reira he kahore tauira ariā motuhake. He herenga Whakarōpū o nga tauira, engari e kore te reira e kaiponuhia ratou hāngaitanga.