Tau o te hanga "parau mau Russian". He huinga o te ture Yaroslava Mudrogo

"Russian te pono" ko te kikorangi-ture tuatahi i roto i Russia. No te whakatupuranga heke mai, ko tenei tuhinga he tino puna o te mōhiohio e pā ana te ora i roto i aua ra. hāngai ana ture o muri katoa i runga i tona whakaaro o "Russian Truth".

Kia pehea te i te "Russian Truth"

Familiar ki a matou te kupu "te pono" i roto i te wa o Yaroslava Mudrogo ko kore anake te pono. Ko tōna tikanga taketake i roto i taua tau - te reira te ture, me te tikanga. Ko Ko te aha ka karanga te huinga tuatahi o tikanga te "parau mau Russian" (tau o te whakatūnga - 1016). Tae noa taua wa, katoa tuhinga ture e hāngai ana i runga i morare etene, a muri mai - i roto i te Ekalesia o te haapa'oraa Byzantine.

Ture "Russian Truth" i ki puta mo te maha ngā take. Tuatahi, refereeing i Russia i taua wa ngā o nga Kariki, me te tonga Silaví. Ratou tata kore i mōhio ki te tikanga o te whaiwhakaaro ana Russian. Tuarua, i roto i te tawhito Russian tikanga ture ture etene. E kore te mea tenei i roto i te raina ki te morare hou, e hāngai ana i runga i te parau tumu faaroo hou. Na reira, ko te whakataki o te faanahoraa o te marae-Siasí, me te whakatamarikitanga o Karaitiana nga āhuatanga matua e kia whakapumautia ture i tuhituhia. Ko Ko te aha te "parau mau Russian" tipu kahore tetahi whai wāhitanga o te rangatiratanga. Otiia i hanga kaha mana o te hahi i te Take o tenei tuhinga ahurei.

Ko te wahi, i te tuatahi tukua te "Russian pono", te tautohetohe haere. mea ētahi kairangahau e ko te reira i roto i Novgorod, ētahi atu whakapono e tupu te reira i roto i Kiev.

whakarāpopototanga

Kia aroha mai, te "Russian pono", te kuputuhi o i ngā te tuhinga hanganga ture i runga i taihara, arumoni, kainga ture, kiri huringa. Kua A kua ora taua te whakaaturanga tuatahi ki to tatou ra.

Tau o te hanga "te parau mau Russian", rite ki te tauākī faihisitōlia, 1016-th. Ahakoa kore e taea e kore ngā mōhiohio pono i te kairangahau whakarato. Tae noa 1054 i kohia nga ture katoa i roto i te pukapuka i runga i te kaupapa o Yaroslava Mudrogo. roto te reira i tuhinga ture e pā ana ki te take e whai ake nei:

• ture taihara;
• te mahi o te marae;
• mana pāpori o tangata.

Ko te hanganga o te "parau mau Russian"

Ahakoa te meka e te tau o hanganga o "Russian Truth" - 1016-d, ki runga ki te kua tae inaianei tetahi o ratou kape, e pā ana ki te 1280. Ko reira kitea tenei ra te tārua matamua. A, tā te kuputuhi tuatahi puta i roto i 1738 whakawhetai ki faihisitōlia Russian V. N. Tatischevu.

"Parau mau Russian" kua he maha o ngā kōwhiringa whakaaturanga:

• poto;
• roa;
• haapotohia.

Ko te tino tuatahi o ratou - ko te putanga matamua.

Ko te putanga poto ko, 4 o te tuhinga. whakanohoia ratou 43 tuhinga. E oti rawa ratou ki ngā kōrero tuku iho motu i roto i Russia, tae atu i te tikanga tawhito pērā i pakanga toto. i roto i te "parau mau" o te ture hoki whakatakotoria utu o whaina, a kia ako atu ratou. I roto i tenei take, i whakaritea te utu i runga i te kaupapa o te mana pāpori o te tangata hara. Ko te tuhinga i te ngaro o te huarahi rerekëtanga ki te faaotiraa o whaina.

I roto i te putanga oti atu o "Russian te pono", te kuputuhi o e kua e pā ana ki 121 tuhinga, kei tikanga Yaroslava Mudrogo ko Vladimir Monomakh. huaina ana tēnei kōwhiringa ko "Pravda whānui". Tenei te mārama reira e kua e hua ana ki te mau fana'oraa feudal, e kore e taea te mea e pā ana ki te menials. Tuhinga tautuhi te hononga ture i roto i te whakatau tika rawa i runga i tetahi taonga, te whakawhitinga o tona riro me hainatanga o ngā kirimana. I roto i tenei whakatinanatanga, i whakamahia nga ture o nga ruma rite kōti Siasí, me ā mo te whiu.

"Whakaiti i te pono"

Tenei putanga hou, e te tino i hanga e te waenganui o te rautau 15. I hanga te reira i runga i te pūtake o "Pravda whānui".

e kore e waiho te reira i te waehere pūtake taketake o te ture, e kore e waiho te turanga mo tona hanganga. I roto i tenei take, kua meinga enei puna me "True Poto" me "Pravda whānui".

Crime me te Tuhinga

Grand Prince Yaroslav Mudry , tahi ki whakapumautia ana tama nga ture e kia ora, kua rēhita whiunga katoa taea hoki ngā hara.

Ko te minamina ana ko e whakakahoretia te tikanga i raro i te ingoa o "Hurai ki". Heoi, tenei kihai i hoko i roto i taua tau, "Russian pono", me te iti i muri mai. Hoki te kohuru i ki te whakatau i raro i te ture.

I roto i tenei take, ka whakatata te rangatira, a riro nga rangatira ratou rerenga atu mārire atu iwi i waho i te "hapu iwi ranei."

Whiu hoki hara maha kua whakaritea. Hoki mau ofatiraa nui he nui te whiu. i taea e Family pana ki te hara o te kainga, me te taonga i murua. Enei whiu tono mo te tahu, tahae hoiho.

He take nui i roto i te whakatau utua te marae ki kaiwhakaatu. i huaina ratou "posluhi".

wehea Tuhinga i kohuru pohehe. mau te reira i te tautea mate. whakaritea whaina i roto i ngā hāhi moni.

"Russian te pono" whakatau te tikanga o te marae: i roto i te mea wahi kia ratou, te hunga whai wāhi i roto i a ratou, e ka i roto i nga kaimahi kino, me pehea ratou kia whakawakia.

tuhinga Uara nāianei

Tau o te hanga "parau mau Russian" kore e taea te huaina āta. Kei te kō atu tonu ia. Heoi, ahakoa o tenei, ko te pukapuka o te faufaa rahi no te tumu kōrero ako i te taitahi o Yaroslava Mudrogo, a mo nga whakatupuranga e heke mai. I muri i te katoa, whakaorangia reira na nui mōhiotanga ngā pā ana ki te wāhanga tuatahi o te whanaketanga o Kievan Rus.

E maha kupu i roto i te ture hou i te rota i roto i noa ki te tuhinga ture tuatahi. Hei tauira, te "taihara": i roto i te "Russian pono" ōka ingoa "golovnik" ka patua i roto i te tuhinga i huaina te "upoko".

I tua atu, i te ture o "te parau mau Russian" homai tatou he kite o te ora o te rangatiratanga, me te iwi noa i te wa. He mārama e taea te kite i te painga i o te piha haapiiraa e kingi ana ki te serfs me pononga. Ko reira na pai mo te rangatiratanga e Russian Pravda tuhinga whakamahia i roto i te kohikohinga ture hou ki te rau tau 15.

whakakapinga Pumau o "te pono" ko Sudebnik Ivan III, i tukua i roto i te 1497. Otiia e kore e tenei tikanga e kua revolutionized reira te hononga ture ara. I te anga ke, i hanga anake tuhinga marae muri katoa i runga i te "Russian Truth".