Tātari toto: momo, wetewaehere ki tohu

Toto - ko tetahi o nga tikanga tātaritanga tuatahi, me te kōrero tino noa. E ai ki nga hua, ka taea e koe te whakawa i te mana kāwanatanga, ki te whakaora, ki te whakaū i turaki ranei te tātaritanga, ki te whakatau i te mea wā o te mate, me te whakarite i te maimoatanga tikanga, ki te whakatau i te taumata o hormones mo atu whakatikatika. Tātaritanga o toto, kua puritia nga momo o e mohiotia ki tākuta katoa, e kore anake te hunga e mate, engari ano hoki iwi maitai hauora e mamae ngā hauora Taki-ups kotahi te tau (i roto i te kindergarten me ngā kura, i mahi, i roto i te ope). Na, pea, e kore i roto i kore te tangata o to matou whenua, e pai ai haere mai puta noa te whika fakamisiteli, me te ahua ri'ari'a i roto i te papa ki nga hua o te tātaritanga.

whakamātautau toto: momo

He maha whakamātautau toto rerekē:

• I hormones.
• Sugar.
• Test ki te whakatau i te allergens.
• Immunoassay.
• Upoo-.
• Hoki tohu puku.
• Hei whakaū i te hapūtanga me etahi atu.

Hei timata, whakaaro e rua o te noa tino me i te wa ano fakapuliki te tātari ohie o te manawanui:

• Matüora.
• Haumanu (ngā / wherahia).

matūora

I mua a koutou ako nga tikanga o te tātari matüora o toto i roto i ngā pakeke, i te tepu ka e kia hoatu i raro, ka matau tatou, he aha te mea mo.

Aronga mataora - ko te wahi o te pepa e tākuta hoatu tāpae rā tenei. I whakaritea e ia ki te whakamahere i ia manawanui kotahi te tau ki te aroturuki i te āhua o te hauora i muri i tetahi te mamae i te mate uaua, me te tetahi tangata e kua ka ki te hōhipera.

whakamana toto tīpako te anake i te rua (te tikanga i roto i te tahi whatīanga, engari i reira kia kia rerekētanga o te taiepa i te uaua i runga i te ringa, waewae, waewae), me te wa katoa i roto i te ata, i runga i te puku kau. I muri i te whakamātautau e tonoa ngongo tukanga ki te taiwhanga motuhake. Ko te hua tātari e te nuinga o rite te ra i muri.

Tikanga o te tātari matüora o toto i roto i te pakeke: te tepu

tohu	wae o te inenga	Ko te rohe o raro o noa	Ko te rohe o runga o noa
Sugar / kūhuka	mmol / l	3.3	5.5
Urea	mmol / l	2.5	8.3
Toto nonprotein hauota (wäriu)	mmol / l	14.3	28.6
creatinine	micromole / rita	44	106
lipids noa	g / l	4	8
cholesterol	mmol / l	3.6	7.8
Iti lipoprotein kiato, LDL / LDL Cholesterol	mmol / l	toa: 2.02 Women: 1,92	toa: 4,79 Women: 4.51
High lipoprotein kiato, HDL / HDL Cholesterol	mmol / l	Tangata: 0,72 Women: 0,68	toa: 1.63 Women: 2.28
tauwehe atherogenic		0	3
Pāhare (Ko te auau kaha ti'aturi i runga i tau me te ira. Ko te uara mō te tau o 35-40 tau)	mmol / l	toa: 0,61 Women: 0.45	toa: 3,62 Women: 1.99
phospholipids	mmol / l	2.51	2.92
bilirubin	micromole / rita	8.5	20,55
pūmua	g / l	65	85
albumin	g / l	35	50
AST (aspartate aminotransferase)	Iu / l	10	38
ALT (alanine aminotransferase)	Iu / l	7	41
Kama-glutamyl	mmol / l	tangata: 15 wahine: 10	Tangata: 106 wahine: 66
phosphatase kawakore	Iu / l	20	140
konupūmā	mmol / l	2.15	2.50
pāhare pāporo	mmol / l	3.5	5.5
konutai	mmol / l	136	145
māota	mmol / l	98	107
rino	mmol / l	toa: 11,64 Women: 8,95	tangata: 30,43 wahine: 30,43

I roto i te tirohanga o te ōhanga i roto i to tatou hōhipera rohe, tākuta maha e kore e whakaaro reira e tika ana ki te tuku tūroro ki te tātari tonu tikanga, a ka te whakapakoko o etahi momo o whakamātautau toto matüora i runga i tohutohu ka e kia tohaina anake etahi āhuatanga.

Hei tauira, ki te amuamu te manawanui o ngā raruraru ate, kua ia ki te tango i bilirubin toto (katoa), me te pūmua katoa, albumin, aminotransferase alanine, gamma-GTP, te pūmua C-urupare, phosphatase kawakore.

Ki te hae i te taote e te manawanui he mate huka, ka kawea te reira i roto i rangahau matua matüora ki te huka (te kūhuka i) i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaū i turaki ranei te whakapae.

Tūroro he tākuta rerekē, me te mātanga katoa, ki te mea i reira te mea he tohu tika o te mate, e kore e noho te moni o nga rauemi manawanui me te hōhipera i roto i noa. I muri i te wa torutoru te tau noa ki te noho i te tātaritanga toto whānui tonu, kahore tetahi taunakitanga, e kore te mea e tika.

Kia hia ngā toto Whakaoti

momo whakamātautau toto Heoi nazyvaaetsya e kia mahia anake i runga i te puku kau (ka tango i kore mea o te maihao toto uaua ranei).

Teie mahana whanganga mahinga i roto i tenei ako kawea i roto i aunoa i runga i analyzers hematology motuhake.

Ko te tawhā matua o te tātari toto haumanu he:

• Pūtoto - wāhanga ngeniwhero, e tuku ki te kopa me okana o te hāora. Whakaiti i te nui o pūtoto ai kiko hypoxia. Ko te täkupu mō wahine - 120-140 g / l, i roto i te tane - 135-160 karamu / rita.
• Leukocytes (tau). Leukocytes - pūtau toto nei mahi matua - tiaki ki antigens koiora, ngā pūtau puku. OK: (4 - 9) * 10 ⁹ / l.
• Ngeniwhero auau parataiao - he tohu o te māuiuitanga i te tinana. I roto i nga wahine, i te täkupu he ki runga ki te 12 mm / haora, tangata - ki runga ki te 8 mm / hr;
• Hematocrit - te pūtau toto whero. Ki te nui haere te hematocrit te, ko reira taea ki te amo i te aroaro o te erythrocytosis kanisā ranei. Ki te tukuhifo - anemia, overhydration, hapūtanga. Ko te täkupu mō wahine - 0,360-0,460 l / l roto i nga tangata 0,400-0,480 l / l;
• Erythrocytes (tau). Whakanuia i roto i te maha o ngā pūtau toto whero kia tohu clots toto, pukupuku, mate o nga whatukuhu. He hekenga - o mate toto, anemia, hapūtanga, etc. Ko te auau mō tangata (4-5,15) x wahine 10 ¹² L -. (3.7-4.7) × 10 ¹² l.

He aha atu e taea te whakaatu whakamātautau toto

Hei whakahoki i te pātai, he aha e nga whakamātautau mō te toto, me matau tuatahi tetahi te mea te toto, me te aha te mahi i hiahia ahau i te reira.

Toto - he tinana papanga, arā, o te wē (te inu) me ngā pūtau (leucocytes, erythrocytes me platelets). honotanga reira i roto i te oko toto i raro i te contractions o te ngakau, me te e whangainga ana nga okana katoa o te tinana tangata.

Ko te toto e tika ana mo te tangata ki:

• Hei whakawhiti hauhā i te kopa ki te pūkahukahu, me te hāora - hoki.
• Ka whakaorangia ki te pūtau o te kopa ngā matūkai.
• Whakahaere pāmahana tinana.
• Roropi ururua me matū kino ki nga whatukuhu, me te ngāwari hoki te whakakorenga muri i te tinana.
• Ki te herea tahi pūnaha okana katoa hormones whakawhiti;
• Me whakarite i te tiaki o te tinana.
• Ki te whakarite te ōritetanga i roto i te tinana.
• Me whakarite i te mahi o nga tinana, hoatu te ahotea ratou i runga i te ngakau.

Ko te kupu, i matau ai tatou e taea te hoatu i te toto ara ki raruraru maha i roto i te tinana: kahore maumaui i te mahi o ia o nga pūnaha, ia okana o te tinana tangata. E mea titauhia anake i roto i te wa ki te tango i te whakamātautau toto, ka whiriwhiri i te tākuta i ngā momo, me ki te whakaoti i tēnei kai.

taiaki thyroid

Na, tata te rima katoa tangata o to matou whenua nui, ka taea e kitea e koe etahi hape me kōtītiti i roto i te repe thyroid. Ki te hae i te tākuta tirohanga e unga i te huringa te manawanui ki te ultrasound (US) whakamātautau o thyroid repe, me te he whakamātautau toto mo TSH (taiaki thyroid-whakaongaonga i te maha). I muri malfunctions katoa o te mata tinana ki pākoko, libido disorders, raruraru ki te mahi hinengaro, tere me te taimaha i roto i tetahi mate, me te mumura i roto i te tinana.

Tuhinga mō te takoha toto i roto i te nui o thyroid taiaki

Ko ratou e whai ake:

• Noho i roto i te rohe ki te hē konutawa tāututia.
• I muri i tetahi pokanga.
• Ki te whai koe i raruraru i roto i te hapu, me te mau ana i te tamaiti.
• Ki te kei te whakamahi koe tikanga hormonal o te tiaki ki hapūtanga (TTG mana kotahi te tau).

A, no te nga maumaui tāutuhia mua i roto i te repeure, mo te aroturuki i te akoranga o te mate, me te kōwhiringa o raau taero.

Abnormalities i roto i tenei tātaritanga e taea te kōrero e pā ana ki ngā take pērā i:

• Hypothyroidism (iti mahi thyroid).
• Hyperthyroidism (nui haere mahi o te repeure).

tāutuhia Time ine iti i te täkupu Nireaha ki te ako tarukino pai, me te kite nui, me te mutunga o te mate kia rapua e maimoatanga hāparapara. Ki te he whakaatu manawanui runga ake taiaki thyroid-whakaongaonga noa, ko reira whakahauanga whakarite he ultrasound o te repe thyroid me he pea ki oraraa taatoa therapy taiki whakakapinga.

Norma tohu o thyroid whakaongaonga taiaki

Hei whakamārama i te tātaritanga me te aroturuki o te akoranga mate whakahau whakamātautau toto taipitopito mō te TSH, e ngā:

• T3 Free (te taiaki e te kawenga mō te te utu hāora). Norm - 2,6-5,7 pmol / L.
• T4 Free (taiaki kawenga mō te pūmua pākia). Pūnoa - 9-22 mmol / l.
• Paturopi ki te thyroglobulin pūmua (ki te karo i te pūnaha mate autoimmune). Pūnoa - ki te 18 waeine / ml ..

He mea nui i mua i te kohikohi hormones toto TSH whakarerea waipiro whakauru, te whakawhānau hormonal me ētahi atu taero kei roto hormones. Ko reira tika hoki ki te whakawhāiti i te mahi, me te hoatu ake he ra o te inu.

upoo- toto

tupu te reira i e te whakamātautau whakamaheretia hauora ranei i te wa whakakitea aitua te tātari whati te kiato toto. Ki te kitea he takahi i roto i te tātari matüora, ka hoatu te kaihaumanu aronga ki te tātari atu i runga i coagulation toto. He aha koutou ka karanga ai i te reira pūtaiao ki te mahara - koaugologramma.

Ko reira ano hoki he tohu mo te tātari he:

• Tohu o te toto auroa, bruising, ara i te press iti.
• Ko te mahi i muri.
• Diseases o nga oko ngakau, ate, toto.
• Hapūtanga.
• wātea i te mate tuku iho.

Analysis o te coagulation ngā te huinga nui o tohu:

tohu	täkupu
taupū prothrombin	12-20 hēkona.
APTT	38-55 hēkona.
pūwētoto wē	2.0-3.5 g / l
wā thrombin	11-17,8 hēkona.
recalcification wē	60-120 hēkona.
Aroha ki te heparin	3-11 min
Retraction o te katinga toto	i 44% ki te 65%

Ki te whakaritea te tangata te ki te tātari upoo- toto, te ingoa e kore ia e taea e mahara. e tango ia manawanui he wāhi motuhake te wahi e hoatu ki a te wa, te ingoa o te rangahau, me te whakaritenga e tika ana mo tona whakatinanatanga, i runga i te tātaritanga tikanga rānei:

• Fingerstick rauemi taiepa hua mō te aro mātai upoo- capillary toto.
• Taiepa o nga uaua o te rauemi ki te whakaputa i te aromatawai toto venous.

Tenei tātari, rite te tokomaha noa atu, e hiahia ana koe ki te tango i runga i te puku kau.

Tātaritanga o hormones wahine

hormones pai - he condition nui mō te mahi noa o te rauropi katoa. Ko ia te tangata e tei runga te reira i moe noa, pai-oranga, te kaha ki te mahi ā-tinana. He ako o te papamuri hormonal tika mō wahine ki enei tohu:

• Ohoroa.
• taonga taimaha kino mate taimaha ranei.
• Feia faahuehue o te huringa te paheketanga.
• Kārangirangi.

A, no te he tāne i roto i ngā taumata hormonal i roto i nga wahine whakawhanake i roto i ngā o ngā raruraru hauora o te pūnaha whakaputa uri (tae atu ki ngā fibroids, cysts, polycystic), taupatupatu ki te konä, te mōmona / emaciation, whati whakamutunga o te waipara, pākoko, tane tupu te huruhuru tauira i runga i te tinana me te ake ranei.

Ko te kupu, he whakamātautau toto mo hormones wahine ngā:

• Ruahuru-whakaongaonga taiki.
• Prolactin.
• Luteinizing taiki.
• Estriol.
• Progesterone.
• Ruahuru-whakaongaonga taiki.
• DHEA-pūkawa.

Ko utu te haamana'oraa e rerekē te taumata o hormones maha tino, i runga i te atamira o te huringa rānei reira, na e hiahia ana koe ki te whai i āta nga tohutohu o te tākuta i mua i te takoha toto. Tetahi tātari i runga i hormones tonu haere i runga i te puku kau, 1-2 haora i muri i oho.

hormones tane

• Testosterone.
• pūkawa ngāwha Dehydroepiandrosterone.

Ka taea te whakaritea Analysis o te hormones tane ki e rua tangata me nga wahine. Ko te mea, ko te e he haepapa mo te puku (libido) i roto i nga wahine, me te tangata androgens. Tüturu, awenga testosterone ano i runga i te sebaceous repe, uaua, me te roro.

Analysis o te maha o te androgen, e rua nga tangata me nga wahine noho i roto i nga ra i roto i te ata i runga i te puku kau.