Tariffs Customs me momo

ngaahi fatongia Customs He utu whakahauanga e kua whakatupato e nga māngai o te tikanga mana o te kāwanatanga, ina neke koe i tetahi o nga taonga i roto i te tikanga rohe o te-ka karanga kia. he mahi taua i roto i tetahi whenua ko te nuinga o te hopoi'a o te State, rawa mana i roto i ngā take tikanga mana. Hei tauira, i roto i te Russian Federation ki te Federal Customs Service.

Mai Russia, tahi ki Peraruhia me Kazakhstan ko kua hanga e ratou he uniana ritenga, ka nga reiti me tariffs ona mau ohipa whakapumautia i roto i runga i te mutu i roto i 2008 i waenganui i te kāwanatanga o enei whenua, te whakaaetanga "I runga i te kotahi tikanga utu here ture." Otiia i te hawhe tuarua o te tau 2010. Ko te rahi o te utu whakaritea i roto i te kaha te ture hou o te Russian Federation "I Customs mua". takoto ratou rahi e te momo o taonga (rite ki te whakarōpū motuhake), te whenua o te take, me te te aroaro o nga tikanga i raro i nei e tono momo motuhake o mau ohipa.

Tei runga i te wahi i taonga taumai ranei, kua kitea e ngaahi fatongia ritenga i te momo:

• kawemai (ranei kawemai);
• te kaweake (kaweake ranei);
• tauwhiro.

E whakaurua ngaahi fatongia Kawemai i roto i tata whenua katoa o te ao. He nui iti noa mau ohipa Kaweake. Hei tauira, i roto i te Russian Federation, ka tono enei mau ohipa anake ki te rauemi raw kaweake (i roto i ngā, ki te hinu). I tēnei wā, ko te mahi whai pūtake World Trade Organisation me ona ngā mema katoa, e hāngai ana ki te katoa whakakāhoretanga o te mau ohipa kaweake. e kore e Transit tikanga mau ohipa ngā whakamahia i roto i te mahi ao. I roto i Russia, te tere o utu tauwhiro me kore.

Ko te tino noa kawemai mau ohipa, i roto i te Russian Federation ki te tono rerekëtanga tariffs e tango ana ki pūkete te whenua o te take mai o te taonga. Enei tariffs Ko nga momo e whai ake nei:

• auau turanga (100% o te tāke); tono ki te taonga, e mohio te whenua o te take i te kāwanatanga, i homai Russia maimoatanga iwi i ngākau nuitia e i roto i te hokohoko;
• te auau mōrahi (200% o te tāke); tano te reira ki te taonga nei whenua o te take e mōhiotia ana e te kāwanatanga, mo e kore e Russia whakarato maimoatanga iwi tino-te titiro atu i roto i te hokohoko;
• maitai auau (75% o te tāke); tono ki te taonga, e mōhiotia ana te whenua o te take e e pera-ka karanga whenua whakawhanake.

Basic auau tāke whakamahia e Russia ki te hokohoko ki nga whenua katoa ki e kua whakapumautia reira whanaunga ōhanga, me te hokohoko.

Ki te whakaaro ki te mau ohipa i runga i nga taonga e kore e taea tona whenua o te take ki te whakatū i, i roto i tenei take, i reira e āta hangaia e te Federal Customs Service o tohutohu aromatawai.

kia aro Motuhake kia utua ritenga mau ohipa i runga i waka i roto i Russia. rerekē tino ratou, a ka kua pā tika reira ki mema te whenua o roto i te WTO. A pā tenei ki kawemai e rua o ngā waka hou, me te whakamahia. Heoi, ka pā enei huringa waka anake kawemai ki Russia i te whenua - ngā mema o te WTO. E ai ki etahi pokapū, te ritenga ngaahi fatongiá i runga i ngā waka (hou) i pai ai Kia iti i te 30 ki 25%, me te ka noho pera hoki e toru nga tau. Na ka titau ratou he whakaiti ā-tau o e pā ana ki 2.5% i roto i te taua ara e ratou i muri i te 7 tau tae te taumata o te 15%.

Kei te tatari te tauira rite a whakamahia kua i roto i te waka mahi ranei. whakaturia te utu kei te i te 25%, engari ki "motuhake" rerekē reiti. E ka waiho taua mea mo te rima tau, me te ka poua whakaritea (mō te 2 tau) whakaiti i te reira ki te 20%. Ko nga waka, i whakahaeretia i mua ki te Tuhinga ki te whenua o neke atu i te 7 tau, te hopoi'a ki runga ki a ratou tonu te taua, arā 2.5 - 5.8 euros mo ia "kupiki" o te pūkaha.