Taonga me ngā haerenga Kremlin. Overview me mahi o te Moscow Kremlin Museums

whakaturia Museum-Tiakina "Te Moscow Kremlin" i i roto i 1991 i runga i te pūtake o te āhua ngā o te whare taonga Kremlin. Ko te hiahia ki te ngā hinonga ahurea rerekē i te roa te wa, engari e kore e te te hōkai hou o te kaupapa whakaaetia ki te whakamahi i te kaupapa mua o te tuitui - te whakarite mo te pūtahitanga o te kaupapa o te hoahoanga kua riro e rave rahi tau. Ka rite ki te hua, i hanga te whare taonga hou, me te ahurei i te Kremlin. Moscow, te whakapaipai, he metropolis o tauine ao, riro tetahi matatini whakaaturanga rahi.

noho

I muri i te raupapa o rangahau riro te ensemble hoahoanga nui o Russia te mana o te whare taonga-rāhui. I roto i te 2001, kua riro te Kaiwhakahaere General o te Association o Taonga Elena Yurevna Gagarina, tamahine o te cosmonaut rongonui Yuri Gagarin. kua mua tonu kua Museum-Tiakina "Te Moscow Kremlin" te noho o nga tsars Russian, a muri mai - te mau peresideni. I reira, whare reira te auau flat me te peresideni o Russia Vladimira Vladimirovicha Putina.

Ko te hītori o te Kremlin

i hanga Towers me taiepa o te Kremlin i roto i te mutunga o te rau tau 15, i roto i te kingitanga o Ivan te Terrible. I te wa ano i hanga e matou he maha o ngā hanganga hoahoanga kei roto i te paenga o te Kremlin. I teie mahana, te ahurei Museum-Tiakina "Te Kremlin" ngā toru cathedrals: whakaaro, Faaiteraa ko Anahera. E ratou katoa he uara tāpua o mua. Ko te ensemble hoki ngā atu whare taonga o te Kremlin Armory, Ekalesia o te Deposition o te Ahu, Ivan te Bell nui, Ekalesia o te Ahuru Ma Piti Aposetolo. I roto i te taumata tohanga raro o te Faaiteraa Cathedral o te faaiteraa i roto i te taipitopito whakaata te kaupapa o te whaipara Kremlin. E pai te māngai nga taonga tata momo katoa o te toi, i roto i rerekē nekehanga, e whakaata ana i te whakarerenga iho o te marae kingi, me nga minita teitei. Ia whare - he mea he hoahoanga whare ahurei, e whakaata ana i te wā o mua. Ko te wanihi e o masterpieces hoahoanga tawhito faahoruhoru ki to ratou kororia, manuhiri ātahu haere kāhua o te rau tau 16 me te 17, me te te rau tau pokapū o-19.

rongonui

Moscow Kremlin, i te whare taonga, ko te kore anake te nohoanga o nga whakaaturanga onge, ko ratou ratou he urupa ahurea, kei raro i te Tuhinga o UNESCO, te teitei te pokapū haumaru. Kei te whawhati Attendance o te matatini taonga matua i roto i Moscow pūkete katoa, mo te tau i roto i Borovitskie kuwaha me Spasskaya pourewa i runga i Whero Square he neke atu i te rua miriona tūruhi i huri noa i te ao. e kore e moni o te iwi i roto i te tikanga Russian tahito haaparuparu, manuhiri ki te hotera - kaiarahi pai-whakangungua nei e pai ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te hītori o te Moscow Kremlin, rite pai rite te whānau kingi me tona tira.

hariata kingi

Ko te taonga matua o nga puaretanga Kremlin whakaaro Ko te koki, e tīmata haere katoa i te tomokanga ki te Kremlin i te pourewa Borovitskaya. Moscow Kremlin, taonga e whānui nei whakaaturanga, kua he kohinga ahurei o hariata, i haere atu o te whānau kingi, māngai o te rangatira rawa, ka whakatata ki te Hiha, kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro me rangatira. kanohi Mārakerake te i roto i te whānui ngā i te kuware ki te mea koi te hariata maha. Katherine Whaiaro convertible pātata ki te chaise roa-tawhiti, me te stroller kaitiaki tu i muri ki te kauhoe rua mo te tamaaraa i te ahiahi.

i whakatoea te ruma motuhake te mo te kakahu e ko huatau i te wa, nohoia te wahi motuhake e te potae kingi, hokowhitu ki te kohatu utu nui, te whakapaipai ki te huruhuru Sable. Ko te faaiteiteraa matua - te Cap o Monomakh taonga taniko whakapai he emerara, me rupi. I roto i te ruma i muri ko te kohinga o "Aranga hua manu Faberge". Ko te marae kaitahu koura Carl Fabergé me ana kaiāwhina hanga he raupapa o masterpieces o toi o te kaituhi kohatu, i hanga he te amuitahiraa whānui. Ko te faaiteiteraa matua ko te kohinga o Faberge Aranga Egg "te Moscow Kremlin". Ko te ahua tā o rua nga pourewa tino rongonui o te Kremlin tenei - te Faaora e, a Vodovzvodnaya.

maka Towers parahi koranu, koura, me te hiriwa. I waenganui ia ratou tikanga te tika "hua manu Aranga", i roto i whakanohoia te kaituhi kohatu roto whakaaro karakia. Tirohia te ata iti i runga i te iconostasis tyablovom taea e titiro i roto i te matapihi tairanga. Ko rongonui hoki te meka tenei faahiahia o toi o te kaituhi kohatu e kore ia i mahue nga rohe o Russia, ahakoa e whakaaro kamupene whakaaturanga ke reira te kororia, ki te anake mo te wa ki te whakauru i te reira i roto i to ratou fakamatala. He hua ahurei o te kaituhi kohatu rongonui kei i runga i te pūtake taimaha o te wahi kotahi o te onika.

karawhiuwhiu

tu Open-rangi tetahi o nga whakaaturanga tino rongonui o Moscow Kremlin, Tsar Cannon, repo ahurei, i roto i te parahi ariki Andreem Chohovym maka i roto i 1586. whakarōpūtia te pū te rite "te karawhiuwhiu i", me te whakarōpū hou ko te kumete. Ia matua e ata e pā ana ki 2 taranata, he diameter o te oko o te pu - 890 mm, e ata kingi-pū 42 taranata. moata pupuhi taea takahi anake, no te mea i roto i te tikanga ki te ki atu tenei reira, e hiahia ana koe ki te hanga tautooraa rahi.

He faahiahia o te maka rino

Ko tētahi atu faaiteiteraa rahi - ko reira te Tsar Bell. I roto i te 1730, i runga i nga whakahau o Empress Anny Ioannovny, timata mahi i runga i te whakaitinga o te pere nui rawa i roto i te hītori o te mahi faaiopoiporaa. Te mahi mahi i roto i te tauatanga, papa me te tama Matorina. I roto i te ohipa faaineineraa mate te matua Matorin, a i te mahi katoa ki te mahi i tama. I 1735 i nga mea katoa rite mo te tukanga whakakī, i roto i te ono smelters kohuatia parahi niao rua i rite ki te whakaae ki te whakarewa whakarewa. paunatia pere rite 200 taranata, a ko tona tiketike 6.3 mita. Heoi taui pakaru i roto i te ahi pere, e tika ana ki te pāmahana kua ngatata te whakarewa, a wahia pauna wahi nui. Ko te kupu, kua mutu te hanganga grandiose ki te tīariari rite te pere hahi mo te tōna whare, me te kua riro te wahi taonga. Moscow Kremlin, taonga e wā i whakahoutia ki rarities hou, kua meinga hei wahapu ano ia mo ahurei Tsar Bell.

whakaaro Cathedral

Ko tētahi o nga hahi tuatahi ma kohatu o Moscow, Cathedral o te whakaaro, hanga i roto i te mutunga o te rau tau 15 e te kaihoahoa Aristotle Fioravanti. E whitu nga tau i muri i te hanganga o te kaipeita icon pai-mohiotia kua timata Rionaihia peita i te taiepa o te temepara. tonu te mahi tae noa ki 1515. I roto i te waenganui o te rau tau Cathedral 17 o te whakaaro i peitatia ki runga, engari kua wāhanga tiaki nga frescoes tawhito me kei te taha tawhiti nga tauira icon-peita tino tawhito i runga i te rohe katoa o te Kremlin.

Te whakaaro Cathedral ko te American nui i roto i nei takoto nga toenga o te Metropolitan o Kiev, Moscow me iwa Patereareha o Moscow, e mate i roto i te rau tau 17.

Cathedral o te Faaiteraa

Kei te temepara te i runga i Cathedral Square i roto i te Moscow Kremlin. I hanga te reira i roto i 1489 i runga i te whawhe-kohatu ma tawhito, i mahue ki runga i te whare karakia tawhito. I te 1547 i tino pakaru te hahi ahi, a ka hanga anake i roto i te 1564, ki te kaihoahoa ki te hanga i runga i rua vahe i te fare pureraa aata. I roto i te 1572, hanga te whare karakia i te whakamahau Grozny pera-ka karanga. E rua rarangi o ata te iconostasis, "Deesis" me "hararei" e Andrei Rublev me Feofana Greka. I runga i te whakamahau i reira ko te ahua o te mau philosopho Kariki: Aristotle, Homer, Anaxagoras, Plutarch, Ptolemy. Ko te kuwaha o te raki whakapaipai ki pati-reliefs o tawhito Roma he poropiti sibyls. hanga sex karakia te o paraharaha jade.

Tae noa te rau tau 18, ka whakamahia te whare rite te hahi whare o nga tsars Moscow. A i roto i Petersburg mana Faaiteraa temepara ko te protopresviterianstva kanohi.

Cathedral o te Anahera

i hanga hahi rima-domed o te fare pureraa e waru i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 16. I tino oti te whakapaipai ā o te whare karakia tau 150 anake i muri, i roto i nga tautooraa o kaipeita Fedora Zubova, Stepan Ryazantsev, Iosifa Vladimirova. I muri mai i roto i te roto ka puta tyablovy iconostasis rakau, peita koura. Ko tōna teitei 13 mita.

Ko rongonui hoki te American nui, e ngā 54 tanumanga, i roto ia ratou Anahera Cathedral - wahi Tapu o Prince Dmitry Ivanovich me Chernigovskogo Mihaila. hoki kei roto American 46 menema ki te whakapaipai me te kuhunga tangihanga o te parahi. I roto i te 1928, i whakawhitia i roto i te ruma basement o te whare o nga toenga o nga wahine, me Rurik Romanov, e i mua okioki i te Ekalesia o te Maueraa Monastery.

Kremlin Museums, te aratau whakahaere

Ko tētahi o nga pokapū whakaaturanga tino nui o Russia mahi puta noa i te tau maramataka. Kei raro ko te hōtaka o ia rā o ngā whakaaturanga, ngā i roto i te "Kremlin" whare taonga. E tohaina te whakatuwhera haora o te rāngai whare taonga e whai ake:

He tuwhera i te 10 am ki te 17 pm ruma taonga katoa ia. I roto i te wā raumati - i te 10 ki te 18 haora.

Rāpare - he ra.

tari Tikite He tuwhera ia (anake Tāite) i 9:30 ki te 16:30, i roto i te raumati - ki runga ki te 17 haora. Ka taea te hokona tīkiti i roto i te Alexander Garden, te teihana Metro "Lenin Library".

He tuwhera i runga i ture wā "Armory" te whare taonga: 10.00, 12.00, 14.30, 16,30. Kua hokona tīkiti i te tari pouaka 45 meneti i mua i te wātū.

Ko te whakaaturanga "Antiquities o te Kremlin", kei roto i te Faaiteraa Cathedral he tuwhera katoa ra (anake Rāpare): haere arahina i 10.15, 11.15, 12.15, 13.15, 14.15, 15.15, 16.15.

Ko te utu tīkiti mo te tomokanga ki te Cathedral Square - 350 moni mo ngā pakeke, 150 moni mō ngā ākonga.

I e whakaekea hararei me wiki tīkiti whānau ko i runga i rua ngā pakeke, me te rua tamariki. Ko te utu o tetahi titeti - 100 moni.

utu titeti i te Armory - 700 moni mō ngā pakeke, me te 200 moni mo penihana, ngā ākonga me te kura.

Taonga me kāri

Kremlin Museums, whakaaturanga, whakaaturanga toi, whakaaturanga kaupapa me ētahi atu ngā E ngohengohe ana ki te pūnaha, wheako putu i runga i te tau. Katoa manuhiri ki te Kremlin oha rite te āheinga aroha, te whakarite e te mea te tāuru tika katoa. Pukapuka, tahora, taonga, kāri - e wātea ana katoa i roto i tetahi rahinga. Moscow Kremlin, whare taonga e te hunga o te moni i te iwi huri noa i te ao, tonu ki te riro manuhiri.