Täingäwai Federal District: te hanganga, ngā wāhi, rohe

wehea Whakahaere Russian i mana motuhake, rohe, rohe me lepupilika kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te takiwa e hānga ana (FD). He katoa o 7. He tokomaha tohunga tohu ki Täingäwai Federal District. He aha e nga pau o taua wae rohe? He aha te mea rerekē i ētahi atu rohe o te Federal District Täingäwai? Ka kia kōrero āhuatanga o tona ōhanga, te rahi, me ngā āhuatanga o te whanaketanga o mua o nga pa i roto i tenei tuhinga.

He aha te mea te District Federal

Täingäwai Federal District - wae whakahaere o Russia, i hanga kia rite ki te hua o te whakahou o te hanganga rohe te whenua o, whakahaere i roto i te tīmatanga o te 2000. I roto i te akoranga o whakahounga i hanga e 7 rohe e hānga ana (FD), he tūranga hou - te māngai plenipotentiary o te matenga o te kāwanatanga i roto i ia o enei hinonga rohe. Kei te whakapono te reira e te tikanga tenei huringa i ki te whakarite i te kounga teitei o te kōmitimiti ōhanga me te tōrangapū o te rohe o Russia. i mua Reform e te wā o te hanganga o te hou, rerekē i te mau parau tumu Soviet o te pūnaha whakahaere, tauira federalism.

Te āhua, ka rite ki etahi tohunga whakapono, e kore i taea e te whakatau pea: ki te hoatu i te rohe ake haere noa, me te whakakotahi whakahaere i roto i Moscow. Ka rite ki te hua, whakaputaina matou he ngātahitia: kua whakaritea e ki te hanga atu hanganga whakahaere i waenganui i te whakapaipai me te kaupapa o te Kotahitanga. tahuri te reira i roto i taua nga rohe, i runga i te ringa kotahi, i tino motuhake, i runga i te tahi atu - i takoto ki te ū ki te ngākau nuitanga o ngā kaupapa tata o te Kotahitanga, i te hunga i roto i te takiwa kotahi.

Faaino o te pūnaha o ngā takiwā e hānga ana

Ko te Russian whakaaro tohunga Atmosphere e pā ana ki te huru tia ore o te whakahaere wae rohe, e kua wehea administratively Russia. Täingäwai Federal District - he kahore okotahi. Tino maha faaite enei ngā o tirohanga i roto i te tīmatanga o te 2000, i roto i te tīmatanga o te tau i muri i whakaurua te pūnaha mataeinaa i te peresideni. Ko tētahi o nga tautohetohe o fakaangá - te rerekētanga o tenei kaupapa, ko te peresideni o te tikanga kaupapa ture. I roto i ngā, i roto i te ture matua o te whenua i mea e taea anake te hāngai te whakatau ki te ripeneta i te pūnaha whakahaere-rohe o Russia i runga i ture e hānga ana, engari e kore e nga tikanga peresideniraa. I i whakapumautia te rohe rite te wa i te ture peresideniraa. Ko tētahi atu wāhi ki e whakarongo ki te fakaanga - mahi māngai o te peresideni i roto i te takiwa e hānga ana. Te Ture, whakapono ratou i reira he kore kupu i runga i te āhua o e taea kia puta nga mana o te matenga o te kāwanatanga ki plenipotentiaries mahi i roto i te pātai.

Reform o te Tāhuhu o Taiwhenua o rohe hānga ana

I roto i te Haratua 2014, kua kawea i roto i Russian peresideni te whakahou te kanohi o te pūnaha o mana tūmatanui i roto i te takiwa e hānga ana. pa te reira i te hanganga o te Tāhuhu o Internal Affairs o Russia. I roto i te Takiwa Federal ko te whakahaere matua (SU) o te Interior Tāhuhu. faaoti Mana ki te whakaiti i enei tūranga rite ki te hua o tetahi whakatau kāwanatanga ki te whakaturia te tau mōrahi o ngā kaimahi o te Interior Tāhuhu, nei mahi e utua i te pūtea kāwanatanga - 1 miriona 113 mano 172 iwi .. Ka rite ki te hua, i raro ki te whakakāhoretanga o te Tāhuhu i te Takiwa Federal (hāunga te Rangahau Take o te Russian Federation i roto i te Federal District Te Tai Tokerau Caucasian). i whakakorea Tari Main o Taiwhenua i te Federal District Täingäwai, me te hanganga rite i roto i te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti, Siberia, nga Urals, i roto i te Centre, South me Te Tai Tokerau-Te Hau-ā-uru Russia. I ahu mai te tokotoko o enei tari i te kaimahi, a i ki mamae anō-aro mātai, ka whakatau i te hua o nei i runga i to ratou mahi he kaha'ú.

hanganga rohe

He aha te mea faahiahia Täingäwai Federal District? Tuatahi o te katoa, te nui rawa mohiotia whakataunga tangata. Te nuinga pa nui o te Täingäwai Federal District: ataahua, Samara, Kazan nehenehe, rongonui Nizhniy Novgorod, Perm me Ufa manuhiri. I roto i te tua, he maha makona nui o ngā kaupapa e hānga ana o momo ngā i roto i tona hanganga. whakarārangi tatou i te matua. Ngā wāhanga o te Täingäwai Federal District - he Kirov, Orenburg, Samara, Penza, Nizhny Novgorod, Saratov ko Ulyanovsk. Hei wāhanga o te takiwa i reira e 6 lepupilika motu: Bashkortostan (whakapaipai - Ufa), Mordovia (pokapū whakahaere - Saransk), Tatarstan (te pa matua - Kazan), Mari El (whakapaipai pa o te Republic - Yoshkar-Ola), Udmurtia ko Chuvashia (te whakapaipai o nei - Izhevsk ko Cheboksary aua). Kei te tito te Federal District Täingäwai o rite Perm.

ōhanga

Täingäwai Federal District, e hanga i tetahi wahi o te tahi mau megacities, me rohe rauemi-taonga, ko te rangatira i roto i te tahi atu District i ngā o production ahumahi, ara i mua o Central, te wahi i reira he Moscow. rāngai Main - hanga mīhini, wahie, me te matatini pūngao. Feia faatere i roto i te ahumahi - Kirov rohe, Udmurtia, Chuvashia, Mordovia.

whai wāhi te wahi nui o te ōhanga o te rohe i roto i te ahuwhenua (ina koa i roto i Tatarstan, Nizhny Novgorod rohe, i roto i te rohe Perm). Kei te pai te whakawhanakehia ahumahi marama (Mari El, Penza rohe). Economy District, kia rite ki te tahi mau financiers, hanga te rohe tetahi o te ātaahua tino mō pūtea.

Awa me ngā roto

Kei te Federal District Täingäwai te i roto i te peihana o nga awa Pākehā nui rawa - te Täingäwai. E haamata te reira i Valdai ki te awa iti, a ka rere ki te Moana o Kapiana. Te roa o te awa -. Neke atu i 3.5 mano km. Täingäwai rohe - neke atu i te 1.6 miriona sq. km.

I roto i te Federal District Täingäwai reira ko te rota o ngā roto, haere ratou pūkete i runga i tekau o mano. Te nuinga o ratou i roto i Tatarstan (e pā ana ki 8 mano.), Bashkortostan (e pā ana ki 2 mano.), I roto i te Chuvash Republic (750), e pā ana ki te mano - i roto i te rohe o Kirov, kei 689 i roto i te Republic o Mari El.

Kazan

Rohe o te Federal District Täingäwai ko te tino taketake. Kazan - tetahi o nga pokapū tāpoi nui o Russia, tetahi o nga pa tino rongonui o Russia i te ao.

Tau o te turanga o Kazan, rite ki te tikanga whakaae taunakitanga whaipara - 1005 th. Kua puta City rite te kaha o te Täingäwai Bulgaria. Hoki te wā tuatahi i roto i meatanga Russian whakahuatia Kazan i 1177. ka te pa tetahi o te nui rawa pokapū arumoni me te tōrangapū o te Golden Horde. I roto i te 1438 riro ia te mana o te whakapaipai o te Kazan Khanate. I te 1552 ka hinga th pa i te ope Ivana Groznogo ka mapi ki Russia. I te 1708 ka e ia te whakapaipai o te kawanatanga Kazan.

I teie mahana, tenei pa - tetahi o te kī mo te ōhanga Russian, te pokapū ethno-ahurea rongonui. hono te rererangi ao te pa ki takiwa maha i roto i Russia, a ki waho. I roto i Kazan, i reira e tata katoa momo o waka tūmatanui, tae atu i te lēlué. Ko te pa te kāinga ki runga i te 100 Iwi. reo e pā ana i konei - Russian me Tatar.

Kirov

Kirov - he pa ki te mahi pakihi tiketike rawa. E ai ki nga tātai o te Institute o Studies Pūnaha Enterprise Take i roto i 2012 Kirov rohe kua riro he rangatira i runga i te momo o tohu. I roto i ngā, runga tuatahi te rohe i roto i te maha o ngā pakihi iti ia 100 mano taupori o te iwi -. Ōta 220 wae. runga tuatahi Kirov rohe i roto i te maha o te iwi e mahi ana i roto i ngā pakihi iti. Ko neke atu i te rua ngā wā ki runga ake i te toharite Russian te taumata o haumi i roto i te pane o pakihi iti mō ia (ake - anake i roto i te rohe Penza).

pa Kirov e rave rahi rau tau. Tau o tona turanga - i roto i te 1181-th. Tae noa 1457 i mohiotia ai rite Vyatka, tae noa 1781-th - pehea Khlynov. riro te ingoa hou o te pa i roto i 1934. I roto i ngā wā Soviet, i whakaaro Kirov whakataunga āhua-kati o te tau nui o hinonga kei roto i tona rāngai korero. Na he tuwhera ki manuhiri i Russia me i ki waho te pa.

Nizhny Novgorod

Nizhny Novgorod - te pa nui i roto i te Federal District Täingäwai me tetahi o te rongonui tino i roto i Russia. I whakaturia te reira i roto i 1221 e Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich. Ko te ingoa o te putanga tuatahi he tika ki te tūranga o raro ki te whakapai kanohi ki Veliky Novgorod, i runga i te tuarua - i roto i te pā ana ki tetahi atu pa ki te taua ingoa e ko runga ake te Täingäwai. I roto i te ioka Mongol-Tatar i Russia, kihai i mohiotia te pai rawa Nizhny Novgorod. Otiia i muri i te whakaeke i peia atu o te whenua Russian, ka anga ia ki te whakawhanake tere, maha whakanuia i roto i te meatanga. Ētahi hītori whakapono e i roto i te oraraa o te rangatiratanga Nizhny Novgorod (i roto i te 1341-1392 tau) te pa i taea e taau mo te mana o te whakapaipai Russian, rite i reira e taea ki te whakataetae ki a Moscow me Tver. I roto i 1612 nga taiepa o te Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin timatanga o te kaupapa o ngā hōia, arahina e Minin ko Pozharsky, i wewete to matou whenua i te whakaeke Polish-Lithuanian. I roto i te 1722, tona huritau rima tekau i roto i Nizhny Novgorod whakanui te Hiha Pita te nui. noho i konei i te poto Russian Kulibin, Lobachevsky, Ramahiku, Kuzhelev kaiako, tumu kōrero haere Ilyinsky Baranschikov. City tae mai A. S. Pushkin. Ana ongo i hīkoi i roto i te wahi rongonui i roto i Nizhny Novgorod, whakaahuatia ia i roto i te mau pene "Evgeniya Onegina". Mai i te 30raa noa te parariraa o te USSR ingoa te pa i roto i te honore o te kaituhi A. M. Gorkogo. Na Nizhny Novgorod - tetahi o nga pokapū ahumahi o Russia. hanga rongonui tuku iho hītori, me te ahurea reira he tāpoi me ko te whakapehapeha o Nizhny Novgorod ratou.

Volzhsky tautau whutupaoro

Täingäwai Federal District, te hanganga o nei i hanga e tetahi o nga rohe tino ōhanga whakawhanakehia o Russia e tu i te Kapu FIFA o te Ao ki te kia tū i roto i te 2018 i roto i Russia. He maha ngā pa e waiho FD wahi o te Kāhui pera-ka karanga Täingäwai - he tokamāhurehure o whakataunga, ka e kia hanga taiwhanga hākinakina mo nga kēmu o te taitara.

I roto i enei pa Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Kazan ko Saransk. I roto i te tokomaha o ratou hanga whutupaoro hanganga i te wahanga. te kupu ki te kia mohiotia Täingäwai Federal District me te pa i roto i Russia kore anake, engari te ao ano hoki. tonu te reira ki te kia hanga i roto i te taiwhanga hākinakina nehenehe me te tīmatanga o te whakataetae.