Smolensk mahi, waehere-ingoa "Suvorov". Ko te akoranga o te whawhai, hua te kapa. te whakaoranga o Smolensk

I whakahaeretia Soviet Smolensk mahi hurupoki "Suvorov" i August ki Oketopa 1943. āhuatanga pai mō te whawhai i roto i tenei rohe whakawhanakehia i muri i te angitu o te Army o Whero i te pakanga toto o Kursk me te ngā mahi hōia i roto i te takiwa o Kharkov me Orel. I nui Whakatangihia i te aronga o Smolensk, no te mea ki taua mea, ka haere te kaiārahi Soviet ki here ake nga ope o te Wehrmacht, a kore kia haere ratou ki te tonga. I tua atu, he mea i konei i roto i kua timata te heke mai te whakaoranga o Peraruhia.

Ko te āhuatanga i te mua, me rangatira

Ko te whakahau Tiamana tū i roto i te taha o runga o te Dnieper me te Western Dvina tata ( "Smolensk kuwaha"), he rōpū nui o ngā hōia. Neke atu i te te roa o 600 kiromita kukū Wehrmacht 40 tino huihui, me te matatau wehenga. i kitea e ratou e te, korero hohonu pai-rawa. Ko te tonu tenei rōpū he riri ki te Industrial District Central o te Soviet Union. taupokina ia nga ara poto ki te Baltic States me Peraruhia. Kua i runga i te pūtake o tenei, i mahara te mahi Smolensk ki te waiho i te whakamātautau nui mo te Soviet Union.

i ako Smolenskaya ino i akina Western me Kalinin. Ratou whāinga ko ki te hinga i te taha ki maui o "Center" rōpū o nga mano. Ko te mahi tuarua - ki te whakatū i te mana i runga i ke Roslavl-Smolensk. Ko te taha maui o te Kalinin mua, whakahaua e General Andrei Yeremenko. Wāhanga mātātoa haaraa ki te ope atu i runga i nga wāhi Belgorod-Kharkov me Bryansk.

Te whānui tuarua, i roto i nei ka angitu tenei mahi ko Vasily Sokolovsky, te rangatira i te wa o te mua Western. I muri mai riro ia Marshal o te Soviet Union, a ka kia hakari i te hainatanga o te mahi o te tukunga o Germany.

korero Tiamana

Ki mau ngā rārangi me rawhiti Roslavl Smolensk hoariri rawa ono ārai rohe, te tapeke hōhonu o te mea i 100-130 kiromita. Fele, i hanga e ratou i runga i nga pareparenga o awa: te Dvina Western, Ugra, te Dnieper, te Desna, Sozh. I waenganui i enei raina o korero i roto i nga whakataunga, me te i runga i te ware o te ngā tohutoro.

hipoki Tank wāhi mōrearea i ki niho, waikeri hohonu o tarakona, me te puehu. tikanga Natural i roto i i haere Smolenskaya mahi te titiro atu korero Tiamana. Ko reira he ngahere ki tino wāhanga o repo. Cities Roslavl Elnya, Smolensk Iartsevo Dorogobuzh, Demidov, haora, Dukhovshchina, Suraż, Vitebsk hei kōpuku resistance kaha. i keri huarahi ki a ratou (kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki rori nui me piriti).

Te faaineineraa mo te tau

I roto i te faaineineraa o nui-tauine huihui ana o ngā hōia i tū i roto i Smolensk mahi, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te he moka e o ope, me te tikanga. I te mua Western o te pū 58 wehenga 42 wehenga tohaina mō te whakaputa rōpū percussion. Ki te whakahaere me te whakahaere o te tīmatanga o pou kitea me te whakahau ofi ange ki nga hōia tika tino. Ia wehenga shooting kawenga mō āhua 2 km wahi pakaruhanga roa.

kawea ngā mahi tautoko Air i 1 me taua rangi 3. Ko te hanganga o te tuatahi o ratou tomo te hoia "Normandy", i kaimahi e kaiurungi ke i France. i whakangungua Volunteers i roto i te kura rererangi i roto i Ivanovo, a hanga te takoha nui ki te hinga o nga Tiamana.

Engineers me tautoko rauemi

Mahi "Suvorov" ui tokanga makehe ki te taputapu. i whawhati hōia te korero Tiamana i roto i te hohonu i roto i te tikanga rangi ua, me te whenua uaua. Army Corps o Engineers whakawāteatia maina me rite rawa ki te tūranga tīmatanga mo te ino. tonu hoki ratou i roto i te āhua noa o te ara, me te ara pourewa. I roto i te rohe o te mua ko te tokomaha nui o ngā rārangi wai, i rite rawa nei ki te tikanga whakawhiti.

Kawea atu tautoko hangarau, me te rauemi o nga hoia Soviet. Na roto i te timatanga o te mahi, ko te Army Whero he toharite o rua kariri kariri taketake, kihai i nei i nui i roto i te horanga āta rite korero Tiamana. Mōhio o te whāititanga i roto i te rakau wahie. Ahakoa tamata te kaiārahi hōia ki te tomo i te Wehrmacht puputu'u mohio nga Tiamana e te faaineine i te Army Whero mo te whakaeke nui-tauine. I roto i tenei whakaaro, i te Wehrmacht i te takiwā o Smolensk, te tau mōrahi ka taea o wehenga. Kua nui ake pai hei disinformation Soviet i te wāhanga tuarua o te ino Smolensk.

Tīmata o te mahi

ino Āta rite o nga hoia Soviet timata August 7, (ka karanga tona atamira tuatahi ko te mahi Kaiwhakaora Demenskoj) 1943. I te ra tīmata te whakaeke 5 me 10 tiaki me te Ope 33raa. aru te whawhai te faaineineraa pū. Tumanako hoki te-whati nohopuku kihai i tika ai.

I Akuhata haere 8 ino 31 Army i runga i Yartsevskaya aronga. i rikarika Whakatairanga. Te ra i muri mai, i ano te whawhai matua i roto i te takiwā o Spas-Demensk. Tiamana whakawhitia konei i te aronga taha o Orlowski me Smolenskaya mahi i puhoi. tōtikatia marere nga ope hoariri ake resistance. I te wha o te ino o te Army Whero ra whawhati i roto i te pūkenga korero Tiamana i roto i te rohe Kirov o te pa. whiti ope tekau te awa Bolva. ko Whakatairanga e pā ana ki 20 kiromita.

Ko te akoranga o te whawhai

E ai ki te mahere, ka anga 13 August ona ino Kalinin mua. I Duhovschinskom aronga i te 39raa me Ope 43rd. Hoki nga ra e rima i whakanuia ratou 6-7 anake kiromita. I te wa ano, i taka enei pūhui ki te pupuri iho ope o te Wehrmacht. Na roto i to ratou mahi ki te ino o te mua Western timata. whakahaere mahi "Suvorov" i ki te mahi tahi o ngā rōpū maha, me etahi o te ope tika mai ki te ētahi atu faaora.

E August 16 tomo te Army Whero te pa Zhizdra. E toru nga ra i muri mai i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakatarewa i te ino. mahi tenei i roto i te tikanga ki te hutia ake te hiku o nga ngoikore. Te kore tenei ko e taea ki te whakarato i te wae me wahie, me te paura. I roto i te wiki tuatahi e rua o te akina Western me Kalinin wahia i roto i te rohe korero o te Wehrmacht i te aronga o te Kaiwhakaora Demensk, atu 40 kiromita, ka tukua e pā ana ki te hawhe te mano whakataunga.

waewae tuarua

mahi Elninskaya-Dorogobuzhskaya New timata August 28, 1943. I te ra tuatahi, haere hōia Soviet 9 kiromita. whakaurua hoki te whanaketanga o te angitu i roto i te whawhai i 5 mīhini me 2 tiaki Tank Corps. tohatoha nga Tiamana pū anti-tank a tamata ki te aukati i te mua o te counterattacks auau. Heoi, kihai i nui ratou mau tautooraa. kaha Strike i runga i August 30 wahia te ātete whakaritea i te tahuri o te awa Ugra , a i roto i te ahiahi ka mau Yelnya.

Mahi "Suvorov" Ko te tuatahi ki te kawe hua sino. akina atu News o te angitu o te Army Whero i Yelnya nga Tiamana ki te neke i roto i te ahunga o Dorogobuzh. I roto i te whai o ēnei wāhanga, i whakanuia te Army Whero i 18 kiromita, oti i roto i pā ana ki 200 pa, kainga, me pa iti. I roto i te whawhai i roto i te kainga katia Borisovka noa Tashtemir Rustemov te pū mīhini German, murimatetia hoki i meinga e ia te Hero o te Soviet Union.

Way te hauauru

A i runga i Mahuru 1 fakatau'atāina'i Army Whero Dorogobuzh. tomo ratou te pa o te mua Western. I arahina ratou e Vasily Sokolovsky. I roto i te whakautu ki tenei te Wehrmacht maka atu ratou Rahui anō o te kaha. pakanga mua Soviet.

Ko te tuaono o Mahuru, mutu te Army Whero, pa tonu te tahuri-Gorbachevka Savka Small-Big-Nezhoda Mancina. Here kōkiri i hanga parepare kaha ki tutukitanga kaipūkaha pai-whakangungua me pūnaha ahi. I roto i ngā mahi Elnensko-Dorogobuzhskaya, i whakanuia te Army Whero 30-40 kiromita, mapulei Yelnia, Dorogobuzh me mano atu whakataunga.

mua hou

I tona atamira whakamutunga o te mahi Smolensk i 1943 e arahi ki te whakaoranga o Smolensk me Roslavl. ka mau faaineineraa mo te whawhai i muri e rave rahi ra. Ko te taha maui o te Kalinin mua, tīmata i runga i Mahuru 14, Demidov Duhovschinskom-mahi, me nga hoia o te Western mua i te ra i muri mai - i te Smolensk-Roslavl. wiki katoa i te aroaro o te takiri muri, i whakaritea te Army Whero i runga i ngā rārangi pukumahi.

Kalinin wahi ino o te mua i roto i te ahunga whakahaere Dukhovshchina. I runga i te eve o te ārahitanga hōia ki te awhina o nekeneke me huihui ana i taea e whakapohehetia te hoariri e pā ana ki te wāhi pono o ngā hōia Soviet. i teka Disinformation mahi ārai. wāhi anake tenei katoa ki te angitu o te mahi ahu.

ra whakatakotoria

Na roto i te 15 Mahuru te 39raa me 43rd o nga taua Kalinin Front whakangaromia e rave rahi wae karapotia e te Wehrmacht ka whakawhānui te mua o tona pakaruhanga ki 30 kiromita. I te po o te 19, te maha i muri i te huaki fakalili'a i kaha taiepa me pokapū nui o ātete i te aronga o Smolensk-Dukhovshchina. Te ra i muri mai, i raro i te mana o nga hoia Soviet puta Yartsevo.

haere mai te mahi i Smolensk ki tona wāhanga whakatakotoria. Ko te mahi angitu te nuinga o te mua Western. Hoki 5 ra i taea ki te neke i te 30 kiromita ratou. Kua whakahau te Kremlin ki te tuku i te Smolensk Mahuru 27 me 21 i tukua Demidov te tau. I muri i te mate o te pa timata te hoariri ki te hoki ano ia ki te taha maui o te Kalinin mua, i mahi 43rd Army. Na roto i te 24 Mahuru, he hōia Soviet 10 km atu i tona whāinga matua.

te whakaoranga o Smolensk

I roto i te ra kotahi - Mahuru 25 - ko te whakaoranga o Smolensk me Roslavl. i enei pa faufaa rautaki. Smolensk ko Defence Forces kōwae o te Wehrmacht puta noa te hauauru. Tuatahi ngā reira te 5 th, 31 th, me 58 th Army. Ngaro kōpuku kōrero, tamata te hoariri ki te aukati i te hōia Soviet i runga i nga awa o te vortex me coolant, engari okoia te Army Whero enei nganatanga.

Na kua runga i Mahuru 29 Kua tukua ko tetahi wāhi kaha - Rudnya. Wāhanga o te Front Western whiti te awa Sozh. tomo ratou te pa Mstislavl, Whero, Krichev. ki te patu i runga i Roslavl aronga te wahi i āwhina te hoia nga hoia o te Bryansk Front tonu Parts o te mua Western. Tau mahana i muri, i runga i Oketopa 2 whakatata ratou te awa e pängia ana. hua tenei pakaruhanga i Smolensk mahi whakahāwea. Army Group "Center" i tukua i te hinga nui.

hua

Ngā mihi ki a Smolensk ino rautaki i kurua "take Te Tai Rāwhiti" o te Wehrmacht i te taha o runga o te Dnieper. Army o rua akina haere 200-225 kiromita. tukua katoa i neke atu i te 7000 whakataunga. I roto ia ratou i pa rite Smolensk, Yelnya, Roslavl, Yartsevo Dorogobuzh, Demidov, Spas-Demensk, Dukhovshchina me etahi atu.

i whakangaromia e whitu wehenga hoariri. otinga angitu o te mahi o Smolensk tukua ki te whakaoti i te whawhai o Kursk, te whawhai mo te whakarewatanga Dnepr me kawe i roto i te mahi o te whakaoranga oti o te Donets Basin.

Puta noa i te ino, i riro te Army Whero nui āwhina i te hoariri mahi i roto i te muri o te guerrillas. Hoki e rua nga marama tata derailed ratou 200 tereina hoariri, whakatangihia ake 10 mano huapae huna e pā ana ki 6000 hoia hoariri. Anake ki te whawhai i te guerrillas whakahau Tiamana i ki te hanga i wha wehenga haumaru motuhake.

Tapeke parekura Soviet i roto i te mahi Smolensk moni ki āhua 450 000 iwi (tae atu 107 mano - te kawenga). E ai ki nga hua o te ino, te hononga 104 faataahia ona ake taitara hōnore -. Yelnya, Smolensk, Yartsevo, Roslavl me t D. mano o hoia me guerrillas riro mētara, me itoito ngā taiea - te taitara teitei o te Hero o te Soviet Union.