Shotcrete: mahi te hangarau me ngā āhuatanga

Neke atu i te te 100 tau kua hipa o te riringi auaha hangarau raima kua riro te reira i te aronui me te te whakamahia i roto i te maha o ngā ahumahi ki te whakaoti ngā raruraru production. Ano, i roto i nga tau tata nei e tika ana ki te hua o pukapuka o te hanga me te hanganga mahi nui haere moni i roto i tenei tikanga mārika i. Riringi Ko te hōhonu o te te raima rongoā raima ranei i te pēhanga marutuna e i whakaratohia te pāhekoheko o matūriki e ki te mata rite o te otinga. Kei te ki tonu ngā kapiti, me kōputaputa iti i roto i te mahi.

reira na roto i te te whakamahi i te rohe

Ko te tino noa tono o te maputia e raima i teie mahana. whakamahia ana tēnei tikanga te ki te tāpiri i te kamaka i roto i mahi raro i roto i te maina , me te poka. e kore e taea te mahi i waho o tenei hangarau me te hanga o te raima, me te whakapakaritia ngā hanganga raima. Ko ētahi o ēnei whakapakari me te whakakapinga o pirau rauemi. whakamahia shotcrete te ka mau ana i roto i te taatiraa, rite te rauemi whakangutungutu. kitea e ia ona kore-ferrous, ferrous, matū, sima me te karaihe ahumahi whānui, ia o nei e pā ana te ki tukanga tiketike-pāmahana. Kei te tono te reira ki te whakarato i te paninga kākahu-ātete paruru. Tino maha, whakamahia tenei tikanga te ki te hanga taonga o whakaaro toi. Kei te whakamahia te tikanga mō te whakapuru i hanga whenua whenua. E pā ana tēnei ki ngā pūrere rokiroki me rua, me te whakapakari i te pukenga wai i roto i te hanga o Junctions huarahi me piriti.

āhuatanga matua o te hangarau

A, no te tono shotcrete, āhuatanga hangarau e etahi āhuatanga, i roto ia ratou - te taea o te tono i te hanganga i runga i te mata pāhiwihiwi me te turanga, kei roto i rererangi katoa. he tika ki te āhuatanga piripiri tiketike ranunga me tona kaha whaiaro-tautoko tenei. whakaputaina Nabryzg i te pēhanga teitei, me te tere, e taea hoki adhesion pai o ngā rauemi. I muri i te kiriata whakatakotoria kōpeke te takitahi. Ko te matotoru o te mata e taea te tiki i tetahi, e ka whakawhirinaki i runga i nga tikanga motuhake me ngā raruraru. I te tahi taime te mahi tahi e te ngā, e pā ana te whakamahi o te ngā tuku iho muka motuhake ranei. Ko te hangarau e āhei ki a koutou te hanga hohoro hanganga tautoko i waho te wawaotanga o te formwork me faaore hoki wā tatari roa.

Ngā momo o te hangarau shotcrete

Ka taea te tono shotcrete i roto i ara rerekē: he mākū maroke ranei. I roto i te take tuatahi, whangai te pupuha rehu e i roto i te puka o te raima rite-ranunga. riro taea tenei i roto i te ngongo motuhake. Ko te hanganga i roto i te puka o te awa tonu. whakamahi te reira i te rangi kikokore , me raima. Ka rite ki te painga o tenei tikanga ko te taea o te whakamahi i te hanganga ōrite, he dusting iti, whakaiti rauemi fakaakeake me te kaha ki te whakaoti i te ranunga grout i muri i tono. Ka taea te whakamahi i te toenga hua mo te tahi atu mahi hanga. Ka taea te hua te tikanga mākū o te tono te raima maputia i roto i ngā wāhi herea.

Huakore o te waipara mākū

Ka taea te tono shotcrete e te tikanga mākū, engari te mea etahi drawbacks, whakahuatia i roto i te iti otinga auau rere kore e tukua mo te mātotoru hoahoa mōrahi. He iti te matotoru o te apa tono me e kore e nui ake 3 henimita ia huarahi kotahi. Hoki te tiaki mīhini shotcrete ina te whakamahia te reira i roto i te tikanga maku, nui haere ngā whakaritenga. Ano, herea te ariki kei te ki te wahi production raima, a kahore he taea te whakamahi i te karekau roa. tauwhāiti tenei te huri mai.

Āhuatanga shotcrete maroke

Ka taea te hua Hoatu raima maputia e te hangarau maroke, a e whakarato mō te kai i te ranunga ki te taima mō te wai motuhake i te ngongo wai. A, no te e tenei Mixing wahi tika i roto i te nebulizer. Whakaaro i nga painga, ko te ki te whakarato i te taea hoki te hanganga o te roa-tawhiti me te he hua i roto i te auau rere o te moata. Interlayer adhesion me adhesion ki te mata o te piki paparanga tuatahi, e taea te mea te reira e pā ana ki te mahi, engari kia whai i te apa tono he matotoru ake ki te 60 mitamano. Ki te whakamahi koe i tenei tikanga, e kore te turanga e hiahia he tämata atu, e kore e taputapu whakarato mo te hiahia mo te horoi. E riro te reira nui ki te whakatangi i te reira ki te rangi kōpeke.

Huakore o tikanga maroke

I te pae o tikanga tono mā te whakamahi i shotcreting maroke ka tohu nui haere parahanga me te puehu. kia whai i te tohu mātauranga e tika ana kaimahi. kia whakaritea te ōwehenga o te wai ki te ranunga maroke, ka arotakea i roto i te tukanga paninga.

Ko te hanganga o te raima

Ki te whiriwhiri koe ki te whakamahi i shotcrete, tūtohutia te ranunga te ki te tūhura. No te faaineine i te whakamahi o te sima me te onepu i te ōwehenga 1: 3 ranei 1: 4, ka whakawhirinaki katoa i runga i te whakaritenga whakahaere mo te hoahoa. I roto i te take tuatahi, ka waiho tino akakoromaki i te mīhini, me te tuarua o nga mata - ki te rangi. He mea tika ki te faaineine i te nui taua o te ranunga, e ka e taea ki te mahi i roto i roto i te 3 haora koe, te kore e balling reira, sima ngaro kounga hohe.

Ki te hiahia koe ki te mahi i pāmahana o raro, ki te kai i runga kia tāpiri plasticizers, e he i mua-diluted i roto i te wai. Ki te tika, te faaineineraa o te ranunga maroke tapiritia i te puka paura. Ururua hanga i roto i fakaakeake o te rauemi, e kore me te whakamahi hoki i te otinga Mixing tuarua.

kai atu

E te tahi mau taime ētahi kamupene whakawhanakehia tāpiritanga mō te shotcrete. He ārai mō te tenenga, ranei, kaua he tono mo taua mea, i roto i tenei take, me tuku e koe. Anake, ki te taea te hokona nga hua. Ka rite ki te tauira, whakaaro he tono mo te ārai o te RF №2543233, tāpiri ai te te ranunga ki tāpiritanga matatini ake. Ko te kupu, i roto i te kotahi o ratou rite te wāhanga pŭpŭ tauturu tavini waikawa hydrofluoric. Ko te matua, ko te rua stabilizer wāhanga - konutai aluminate. wāhanga waikawa - pärönaki waikawa phosphoric. Ai i roto i te taahiraa matamua te wai he wera ki te pāmahana o te 60 ki te 110 nekehanga, me i muri i te whakaurua ai ki te pūkawa ngāwha konumohe , me te waikawa hydrofluoric, diethanolamine me te wāhanga stabilizer waikawa. I roto i te taahiraa i muri mai whakaurua te wāhanga matua te.

Composition "Zeke" raima maputia

Ki te hiahia koe ki te mohio ki ta te hanganga o te kamupene shotcrete "Sika", kia riro atu maheni ki te āhuatanga o te ranunga. Ko te kupu, e taea te whakamahi i te reira i roto i te hotoke, i hanga whakawhetai taea ki tāpiritanga motuhake, me te modulating tāpiringa. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakaoti rapanga rerekē, whakamahi te kaihanga he tetahi tohutao. Hoki sima me onepu stabilizers kia tapiritia i roto i te hanganga i runga i te whakarei ake i te pūmautanga segregational o te ranunga. I te tahi taime te tono nga accelerators te ranu i te tautuhinga me te pakeke, me te inhibitors me tāpiritanga i runga i te pūtake o te microsilica. Ko te whakamutunga o enei kai he faufaa mō te whakapai ake i te kaha me te impermeability. Shotcrete, nei te āheinga me ū ki te iku'anga e whai ake nei: 26633, āhuatanga e mahi tino.

faaineineraa mata

I mua i tono te taimaha papanga tuatahi te, tiaki te turanga e hydraulically e sandblasting. kia noho i te mata tihorenga tawhito peita, raima, raima, paru, paru me te puehu. Ki te reira te mea he ngā, ka horoi i te reira ake te waikura. Hei whakapai ake i adhesion raima mata he roughened. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakahaere i te hanganga o te tohatoha ōrite i runga i te mata o te T-hāte e tāuta. I te tahi taime whakapakaritia te paparanga muri kei te hoki tenei whakaaro 100-mm mata, a ki te ko te iti te rahi pūtau, ka totohu te reira i roto i te paparanga tuatahi. kia toona te mata rite ki te rangi kōpeke, me horoi ki te wai.

hangarau shotcrete

Ki te mea kua whakaritea e koe i runga i to ratou ake ki te mahi i te mahi whakaahuatia, kia waiho koutou hiahia i roto i te rahi o te shotcrete, i te mea 2400 kg ia 1 mita pūtoru. Me whakaaro tenei ka tātai i te matotoru o te paparanga muri. Ko te tawhiti i waenganui i te pupuha me te mata ka pā tika te nui o rauemi wewete. Ka rite ki whakaaturanga mahi, he tino pai te tawhiti o tetahi e rua ranei mita. Ki te whakaiti koe i te reira, ka meinga ai utu nui, me te he apa taatiraa iti. Ki te, Heoi, nui te ahua i runga, ka kia tangoro te paninga.

e kore ai te whakamahi mō te shotcrete tāpiritanga, engari e kore e taea te wai kore i roto i tetahi ara. kia tapiritia reira i roto i te ōwehenga motuhake. Hei tauira, ki te whiwhi i te kaha o 26.4 MPa e kia tika ki te tāpiri i te wai, me te sima i roto i te ōwehenga o 0.35. Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakaiti i te kaha o runga ki te 22.1, kia titiro te rahi rite 0.5. I roto i te take tuatahi, ko 19.1 te ōrau fakaakeake; i roto i te tuarua - 11.2. Ko rite ki te rohe o 0.4 tino arotau ōwehenga wai-sima. hua Taupānga o te raima maputia te i roto i ngā papa, me te matotoru iti rawa o ia o ratou e pā ana ki 6 mitamano. A, no te tono ki te raima riringi pupuha sima-pū kia neke i roto i te ara helical. Hahaké me te mea i te koki matau ki te mata. Hurihia te koki e taea e paku, e ngana ana ki te whakaki i roto i te anga armature ranei wāhi hohonu.

tohutohu a Tohunga

Me Ia paparanga titoa o takai whakapae motuhake tona tiketike he m. Tāpae i te Unuhia i runga i ia atu kia 20 henimita. Ki te tikanga te reira ki te whakamahi i te otinga mārama waho te whakamahi o tāpiritanga, kia tono te rua te papanga i roto i te rua haora i muri i te tuatahi.