Rewena rite te momo? ara rewena whakatö

I roto i tenei tuhinga, ka arotahi tatou i runga i taua ngā moroiti pērā i rewena. Ka rite ki tini ratou? I runga i tenei pātai i tatou ki te whakahoki kupu. Ka ako koe ki ta āhuatanga e hua rewena.

Reproduction - Ko te uri o ngā pūtau hou, i te mea ōrite ki te matua. Ko te putanga o taua mea, te nuinga o nga rauropi pūtau-tahi ko ki ake i te rahi taupori. Tenei tukanga o microorganisms te nuinga e tika ana ki "hononga" ki to ratou reo ahurea tata. kia waihanga te reira i te taiao taea, e whakahaere i te mahi o etahi whākōkī.

Kua kitea Scientists e whākōkī reducers - āpiha whakaiti kaha e kua tukua i roto i te reo, ka puta te tupu te nui roa o ngā pūtau rewena. mahi ratou i runga i membrane pūtau (mō here pūmua disulfide). Na roto i tenei anga riro permeable ki te taenga o te reo matūkai. Ka āta whakarite tēnei i te whākōkī biosynthesis, tae atu constitutive.

ara rewena whakatö

Haere tika ki to tatou kaupapa. "Rewena tā e pua ranei e kore e?" - te whakahoki ki tenei pātai ko rangirua. Ko te take i te pūtau o enei rauropi, i runga i nga tikanga ahurea rānei, ka taea e whakaputa uri moepuku, me te vegetatively. whakaritea whakamutunga Puka no ki te tetahi rōpū o biologically motuhake (i.e. whānau) wehewehe, na roto i te hua me te mā te pihi, mutu wehenga. I tēnei wā, whakaahuatia wha momo o whakatö vegetative o rewena.

Ko te momo tuatahi o te uri vegetative

tuhia e ia, mo te tauira, te yeast puninga (i roto i te whānau Saccharomycetaceae). I roto i tenei take, e kore e whakawhitia tika te rauemi o e ngā te anga o ngā pūtau whaea ki te anga pūtau tamahine hou. I roto i te wāhanga tuatahi o te tupu whiwhi ratou i te reira rite ki te hua o te meka e te synthesized reira me āta piki haere i te turanga o nga whatukuhu iho. Ko te kupu he tohu i roto i te wāhanga o te curvature nui o te membrane pūtau. E mea pinepine e pātata ki tahi i te tahi ratou, kua whakaritea e ratou i roto i te tōrino porowhita ranei.

Heoi, e kore te mea āhuatanga o rauropi katoa no ki te rōpū o tenei tukanga harore rauropi pūtau i huaina "rewena". Ka rite ki te tahi atu ratou momo whakawhānau? tonu tatou i to tatou aamu.

Ko te momo tuarua

kitea te momo i muri o te whakatö vegetative te i roto i te rewena puninga Hanseniaspora me Saccharo-mycodes (whānau Saccharoinycoaaceae). Tona āhuatanga - hua neke, reira hanga nawe maha. I roto i tenei take, tākihi (aha e whakamahatia rewena) i hanga te rite ki te hua o protrusions nawe tākihi, i noho i te hua o mua, me pātaki i waenganui i nga pūtau totoro.

Ko te toru o te momo

Kua kua ia i roto i te hapu o te rewena Schizosaccharomyceta-seae (hei tauira, te puninga Schizosaccharomyces). Āhuatanga o tenei momo, ko e biopolyaren te tupu o kiriuhi pūtau. Ko te rauemi hou o te pūtau i hanga, kei te takoto i roto i te puka o te tereraa annular i pokapū pūtau ki ona pito i te wāhi o te wehenga.

tārua vegetative: te tuawha momo

Ko reira huru o Endomyces magnusii, ratou pūtau porotakaroa. I roto i tenei take, i wehewehe i nga huringa hanganga kitea puta noa i tona anga. Ki te reira te mea he rota o wehenga, titoa te anga te o te maha paraharaha, e kua whakaritea i roto i te whakarara, me te mutu i roto i te rumen tetahi ki tetahi.

whāū

etahi wahi o te hanganga ngā karihi me te cytoplasm puta ki te pūtau tamahine o te matua i roto i micropropagation. I mua ia wehenga pūtau ka pūira e kua takaro tetahi i te wa, me katoa i te wa ano. Ka āta whakarite tēnei tohatoha ōrite i waenganui i te āpiti me te pūtau matua. I roto i tenei momo o te whakangotangota, e kiia nei ko te whāū kitea te maha tino tamau o pūira i roto i nga whakatupuranga pūtau.

pūtau whaea hua

kitea e matou e te tākihi - ko te tahi mea e whakamahatia ka rewena vegetatively. Ki te whakaaro tatou i tenei tukanga i roto i te wa, kia tuhia te reira e i roto i pā ana ki te kotahi haora pūtau tamahine i hanga katoa i roto i ngā āhuatanga tino arotau. Ko te tetahi e kore e taea e ia te faahiti-pihi tukanga. Mother pūtau i roto i te ora e te toharite o 25-30 hua (pokapoka iwi). Haamăta'ui o tenei tukanga - te huringa i roto i te hanganga taiepa pūtau, e pā nei te ki scarring. arahina ratou ki te whakaiti i roto i tona mata whai hua, i te whakaiti i te ihirangi pākia me te pūmua, DNA, RNA i te pūtau, me te arata'i hopea ki te mate.

Ka taea e koe te tīpako ara tetahi, te tuhituhi i te pātai o te pehea, ki te whakawhānau rewena. Tautohetohe ko tenei tukanga. huaina ana tēnei tikanga ko fakasekisualé. Kia whai whakaaro ano tatou i te reira i roto i te kōrero atu.

aratau Fakasekisualé o uri

whakareatanga rewena e puta rite moepuku vegetatively ranei tohu i tenei wāhi o te tirohanga he rota o te pānga. Kua ako tokomaha pūtaiao te whanonga o enei moroiti. kitea ratou e whai pānga te tikanga takoto te ki te germination o pua, e te hunga i roto i te asci ranei peke (e huaina ratou ascospores) i roto i ngā pūtau vegetative. Ka rite ki te rewena tā e pua? Tatou i te reira.

haere tahi ana tēnei tukanga e te wehenga o te karihi i roto i te whāiti pūira. A, no te culturing rewena ko te whakawhitinga koi i ki tonu ki reo rawakore i roto i ngā matūkai, i te aroaro o rawaka haumākū me te haaputuputuraa nui o matū rāhui i roto i te pūtau, me te whai wāhi ki te hāora puta sporulation. Hua i reira ascospores e ātete ki ngā āhuatanga taiao kino (whakamaroke, tiketike pāmahana), engari he iti thermally pūmau atu te pua kitakita ratou. mate Ascospores i te pāmahana o e pā ana ki 60 ° C, mea taea pua kitakita te tu pāmahana teitei - wai, me te noa teitei kohua.

Ascospores e hanga e te nuinga o rite ki te hua o fakasekisualé hononga 2 pūtau rewena me te wehenga muri o te karihi o te wairakau. Ka taea e kia ratou i tetahi ki te wha, i ētahi wā e waru i roto i te kotahi ascus. Ki te he pai nga tikanga mo te tupu vegetative, e tipuria ana te pua i runga i te reo te ahurea hou, a ka he pūtau anō-tākihi.

Ko te huringa ora o te rewena

I roto i te rewena, te huringa ora e pā ana i te tauutuutu spore me whakatö vegetative ki roa rerekē o ngā wāhanga diploid me haploid. Yeast rewena, i roto i nei i reira ko te gaplo- huringa me te diplofaz, wehea ki e rua ngā rōpū: gomotallichnye me heterothallic.

taumahatanga heterothallic

He eu haploid me te wā diploid taumahatanga Heterothallic. I roto i tenei take, e taea ki te tini vegetatively ake, ka neke ki runga ki te sporulation i raro i ngā āhuatanga kino i te pūtau diploid. Ka rite ki te hua, i hanga asci spore haploid, ia o nei no ki tetahi o momo 2-kahui. Moenga kupu whakamana anake ka whakaminenga 2 ascospores ranei pūtau i rerekē taumahatanga haploid, hua i roto i te hanganga o te whakatō kākano, ka whakahokia diplofaza.

taumahatanga Gomotallichnye

Gomotallichnye taumahatanga i heterothallic rerekē i roto i taua whai ratou he diplofaza pūmau. Tawhiti i te ui pua haploid i hanga hanganga diploid. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, i roto i te uri o te spore kotahi puta samodiploidizatsiya (hononga o ngā pūtau haploid) e tika ana ki te meka e taea te hono te pua i roto i tetahi huinga whangai pūtau haploid whaea i tona tupu ranei.

Na reira gomotallichnyh momo kahui rewena. AF ako Rusnak momo rewena SACCH. vini, e whakamahia i roto i te wäina. tuhia e ia te oraraa o enei huinga nui o iwi. I muri te tātari i te reira, mutu te kairangahau e te āhua o ratou nuinga gomotallichna.

Otiia, etahi rewena kāwanatanga haploid mo te wa roa e taea ki te whakaputa uri vegetatively. Ka rite ki te tauira Chizosaccharomyces me Zygosaccharomyces. pūtau Haploid ki sporulation hanumi, hanga he kākano diploid. Katahi ka ki te awhina o pūira tuwhatuwhaia reira ka homai ara ki wha waru ranei pua haploid. whakarau ratou, a i muri i te ia timata ki te tini i roto i te āhua haploid asexually.

ngā takatika sporulation

Hono ako microorganisms, pērā i te rewena (rite tohaina ratou), kitea kairangahau e te pākia me te mahi whānui o microorganisms pakanga i roto i sporulation. Tenei huru fakapapau'i te ora o ratou kino mō ngā āhuatanga whakatö vegetative. Na reira, sporulation, e fakatahai te tukanga o te tiaki o te momo, me te tupuranga, kia whakaaro rite te taahiraa pai i roto i te whanaketanga o kaiao rewena.

Hua o te ako B. Pazoni

ako B. Pazoni pehea rewena tini. i whiwhi ratou hua ngā i runga i te pānga i runga i te pai me te ora mahi o enei microorganisms taahiraa o te uri fakasekisualé. Culture o te waina rewena, i haere ki te atu diploidization sporulation me spore germination tukanga, nui te tere o FERMENTATION o te ahurea marou kahore e i haere enei wāhanga. I roto i te whakamātautau kawea atu i roto i ngā āhuatanga poluproizvodstvennyh, i reira ko he wā heke FERMENTATION i 35 ra ki 21-31.

Na, i te whakatau koe taua ngā moroiti pērā i rewena. Ka rite ki tini ratou, inaianei e mohio ana koe. Te ti'aturi nei matou mahara koutou te mea āhuatanga e rua ara matua. Yeasts tā e pua, me te hua. kawea ia o enei tikanga i roto i etahi tikanga, a ia o ratou kua ona ake āhuatanga.