Hangarau tuakiri-hāngai i roto i te kōhungahunga me te kura

Parenting - Ko te tino nui te tukanga, kia rite ki te hunga i te mau melo o te heke mai o te hapori ratou. Me ratou ki te faaineine no te ora i roto i reira kia rite ki te whakakite i to ratou whai wāhitanga pūmanawa me katoa. I roto i nga tau tata nei, kei te piki kaiako te whakamahi i ngā hangarau tuakiri-hāngai. Hoatu e kua timata ratou ki te whare kura-i mua, e nui faarahi ratou whai huatanga.

He aha te mea te reira?

Hoki te wā tuatahi kitea tenei wā kua i roto i te mahi o te kaimātai hinengaro Karla Rodzhersa. no ia ki te tohu o te ariā e hiahia he mahi mātauranga, me te psychotherapeutic angitu, i roto i te whānui, i te huarahi ano.

Rogers ta e i roto i te tikanga ki te angitu i roto i enei take he kaha rawa nui ki te te aumihi ki tetahi atu tangata, i te tangata tango i te reira, kahore tetahi atu tikanga. whakaaro te wā ako "hangarau huru taata-hāngai" motu porowhita te rite tetahi o nga ara o ngā, i roto i nei te kaiako whakarato te whanaketanga tino tahi o tuakiri o te tamaiti, me ana aravihi i runga i te pūtake anake o te hunga mau huru e te hunga āhuatanga o te tangata ngā.

Poto Papamuri Historical

Kotahi i runga i te wa, e ko, i roto i te XVII-XVIII rau, noho i roto i te Russia te rangatira whare. Na ko rongonui mo te meka i noho ia o ana serfs nui, engari tonu i te ingoa ahakoa kaimahi onge i roto i te tahi mau rohe ia. i hae nga noho tata ana, ka miharo: me pehea taea te taata e na maha atamai, iwi pūmanawa?

Kia haere mai ki a ia te wairangi rohe. No mea te mea i pai mo tetahi mea ia, e kore i roto i te mahi ahau e kore tino mohio pehea mahi toi ranei kihai i whakaakona. e kia tetahi atu i konei kua, a poipoia tona ringa i te shabby, engari kihai i utu i te kaiwhakarëti tetahi te ringa, he wa roa e matakitaki tenei tangata ke. Na kï ia e taea ki te noho, te orooro ringaringa wahi iti o te karaihe, me te mau mai i te reira ki te āhua o te kamaka karaihe "wairangi" mō ra i runga i mutunga ko.

Just rawakore kotahi tau tawhito i whakaaro te pai i roto i te mōria karaihe katoa Moscow, i pera rongonui e te serf mua, e na taua wa i hokona roa ia tona haere noa, hanga he rārangi o te hunga e hiahia ana ki tata ono nga marama i mua ana ratonga ...

He aha e tatou katoa korero tenei ki a koutou? Ae, ko te mea, ko te e tenei tauira - he aronui hangarau ākonga-hāngai "i roto i te parae". Ko te rangatira i taea ki te titiro tata ki ia takitahi me ki te tāutu i te hunga taranata tangata e i a Hare i roto ia ia i te timatanga. I roto i ngā kura me kindergarten ki ngā kaiako e rite te taua mahi.

He aha kia whakaaro tuakiri o te tamaiti?

Ko tenei whakaako o te huru o te tamaiti he kaupapa matua; ara tona whanaketanga ko te whāinga matua o te pūnaha mātauranga katoa. I roto i te whānui, mo te wa roa, tuku tenei huarahi te anthropocentric. Ko te mea matua kia mahara tonu te kaiako, ko e kia wheako ngā tamariki i te whakaute ki tonu me te tautoko mō te katoa o ratou mau tautooraa auaha. Me mahi tahi tahi te kaiako me te ākonga i mua i te taenga ki te huinga o ngā mahi.

Ko te tikanga, he huarahi ākonga-fakatefito, te hangarau ngā te ariā e kia kia rite whakamarie rite taea hoki te tamaiti te tukanga mātauranga, ka meinga e ia tona tikanga anake o te haumaru me te hiahia ki te whakawhanake atu i ō rātou pūkenga.

Mämä noa iho, me ki te whakarato rite nui motuhake te tamaiti. Homai he kōwhiringa, Kei te nui pai whakawhanakehia he taiohi, kia rite ki te kore e i te awe e āhuatanga o waho, engari anake te mea o tana e pai ai, me te hiahia ki te ako.

Ko te whāinga matua me ngā whāinga

Pehea, Na, kia whai i te ture, "whaki" hangarau tuakiri-hāngai i roto i te mahi whakaako? Aue, i reira e maha. Kia whakarārangi o ratou i roto i ngā kōrero:

• he mea nui ki te whakawhanake me te whakatinana i ngā hōtaka whakangungu takitahi, e arotahi ana ki te nga taranata me aravihi o ia tamaiti.
• Me kawea tatou i roto i hanganga me te whaihanga kēmu, kōrero rōpū.
• I roto i te hanganga o te rauemi whakaako kia tika wāhi whakangungua ratou. Tenei nui whakaongaonga ratou moni i roto i te tumu parau i raro i ako.

I tua atu, me tango tika hangarau mātauranga ākonga-hāngai ki pūkete te tūemi Āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• Puta noa i te haapiiraa kia arotakea kāwanatanga psycho-aronganui o ona kaitākaro.
• Te whakaū i te taumata teitei o te hihiri.
• wheako tautuhi o ia tamaiti i roto i te akomanga i runga i te kaupapa e whakaarohia ana. kia te rauemi kia mahi, e arotahi ana ki te āhuatanga motuhake o ia rōpū whakangungua.
• I roto i te whakamārama i te hou, te tamaiti mohiotia ki wā, e hiahia ana koe ki te kawe mai tika ki a ia tona tikanga. Pātai "Mahino?" A maha tohu akera faaiteraa i roto i te whakautu e kore he hiahia i roto i te ako tūturu e kore te kaiako ranei tona kiritaki.
• kia mahi i te tamariki kaimātai hinengaro wā wheako, i runga i te pūtake o e tūtohutanga me te tukanga mātauranga katoa hanga te. Mau, tuakiri-hāngai hangarau whakaako e taea kahore mahi kaimātai hinengaro tata ki te piha ia.
• kia whakamahia whānuitia te piha mahi o te rōpū, takirua te mahi takitahi ranei, hoatu ake whakamahia ki te kōrero ki te piha haapiiraa o "mua" tikanga.
• Kaua e wareware e pā ana ki te taumata rerekē o te tirohanga o tamariki me nga kotiro. Mämä noa iho, kia tango tino i roto i te mahi ia koutou ki te pūkete te ahu ira. E ripeneta rerekē i maha tikanga whakaako e kua whakamahia i roto i tenei mātauranga ākonga-fakatefito hangarau kura o tenei ra.
• kia kōrero ia kaupapa mā te whakamahi i te whānuitanga o ngā tikanga whakaako. taea tenei te tamaiti ki pai ake te ako me te whakakotahi i te rauemi i roto i te hinengaro.
• He mea tika ki te whakamahi i te whaiaro haaati me tahi rauemi absorption aro mātai i ia ākonga.
• He mea tika ki te whakarite i te tukanga akoranga kia e puta māia i roto i to ratou mau aravihi, me ngā pūkenga nga tamariki.
• whakaata obligatory i te mutunga o ia whakangungu: ākonga faahiti te mea ta ratou i haapii, korerotia te kaiako ratou e pā ana ki te mau taime ngā katoa.

ariā whakarōpū

He aha ta koutou whakaaro, he aha te wā "hangarau ākonga-hāngai" whakamahia i roto i te mātauranga? More ïa, mea aha tenei ariā i roto i te vahine rau? E mea ohie. Ko te reira i roto i te mahi hangarau, i reira e rave rahi. I roto i te tepu, e kore matou whakaahua anake ratou, engari hoatu ano hoki he whakamārama poto, engari whānui o ia momo. Na, he aha e ratou whakaaro? E wehea hangarau Personality-hāngai ki ono ngā kāwai matua, e kua whakaahuatia i raro.

Ko te kōwhiringa matua o te tukanga ako

kaiako Modern e whakamahi hangarau pāhekoheko whaiaro-hāngai i tawhiti tonu wha ahua taketake o tenei pāhekoheko. Ia o ratou e "tamata i runga i", rite kore e taea nga kaiako te mahi ōrite pai i roto i nga hau e wha.

huarahi ngākau me te whaiaro ki te tamaiti

I roto i te pokapū o te hōtaka mātauranga i roto i tenei take, i reira kia kia he huinga o mau huru whaiaro o ia o nga tamariki whakangungua koe. I te kura i reira he kotahi anake whāinga motuhake - ki te faaara i te kaha i roto hohe me taranata o te paroita, te tono ratou ki te whanaketanga tahi o te tangata taitamariki. I roto i tenei huarahi taea whakaaro e whai ake nei:

• whakanohoia tuakiri "i te mua". Ko reira i ona āhuatanga whakawhirinaki i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te tukanga mātauranga katoa. Ko te kupu, hangarau tuakiri-hāngai i roto i te kura amo te fakakaume'a mōrahi o te tukanga akoranga ki te ākonga ia ia.
• kia rite manapori hononga kaupapa ki ngā ākonga. Kaiako me te ākonga - hoa rite, e kore rangatira me te pononga.
• Mea atu "No" tųkinotanga tika rite te tikanga, e kore nei e hoatu maha he pānga pai tūturu i roto i te wā roa.
• huarahi takitahi e kore e whakamanuhiritia anake, engari ko ano hoki te tikanga matua whakamahia e te ka whakangungu.
• I tua atu, hangarau ākonga-hāngai (Yakimanskaya i ngā) whakarato mo te hiahia ki te whakamārama i te tamaiti nga ariā o "tangata", "haere noa takitahi."

whakahohe Makiri, me te whakawhanake i matatini

Ko te pātai matua ko te: he aha ka pehea ki te whakaako i ngā ākonga? I roto i tenei take, te ihirangi o ake te hōtaka whakangungu ko te tikanga anake mo te whanaketanga hihiri me te tahi o te paroita, a kihai i rite anake te whāinga o te kura. whakamahia whānuitia ngā ākonga whakaongaonga pai. Ko reira e tika ana ki te whakauru tikanga whakaako e whakaongaonga tika nga tamariki ki te mōhiotanga o te tahi mea hou.

Te whakapai ake i te tukanga mātauranga kia hāngai i runga i ngā whakaaro whakaako, e kua whakaahuatia i roto i te mahi o Rudolf Steiner, V. F. Shatalova, S. N. Lysenkovoy, P. Erdnieva, me ētahi atu ngaio nei mohio i te "Metro" Ko e tawhiti te Makiri tikanga.

ariā mātauranga

I roto i tenei take, i te ākonga-hāngai hangarau mātauranga whakaata nga ngā nui lahi i roto i te kura hou:

• kia te kura e kore anake te puna o te matauranga, engari ano hoki i te tikanga o te whakaako i te whakatupuranga o muri. I roto i te parau tumu, tenei pai mohiotia me Soviet kaiwhakaako, engari i tenei ra e pā ana ki tēnei āhuatanga nui te hopoia wareware tonu.
• Ka rite ki i roto i tauira o mua katoa, ki te ākonga takitahi kia utua i te aro matua.
• kia Mātauranga takotoranga humanistic, i roto i kia poipoi taiohi whakaaro ao o humanism me aroha.
• He mea nui ki te whakawhanake i te aravihi auaha o ia tamaiti, kahore okotahi.
• I roto i ngā kura, Me ki te aro motuhake ki te whakaoranga o ngā tikanga-motu me tikanga o iwi iti, ora māngai o e reira pokapū rohe.
• kia ngā whakangungu Collective ki te whaiaro pa.
• kia whakanohoia whāinga i ngā mahi ohie ki matatini, āta aromatawai i te aravihi o ia ākonga takitahi.

taiao Pedagogization

Mua, he aha kura ko pea te whare pāpori tino nui, tona uara he uaua ki te pe si◊aki. Āpiti atu ki te whānau me te taiao pāpori, ko ia te take tino nui e whakatau te whanaketanga atu o te takitahi.

kua oti te whakarite nga hua o te hanganga i te huinga o nga āhuatanga e toru katoa. Here mai tatou ki te tikanga o tenei tikanga, e, ano, kua roa kua whakamahia e te kaiako taketake mātanga. Ko te reira i te faufaa faufaa o ngā ki ngā mātua me ngā rōpū hapori, rite ka waihanga i tenei te taiao tino pai mo te hanganga o 'ulungaanga whaiaro o te tamaiti.

Āhuatanga o te mahi i roto i te kōhungahunga

Ka rite ki te mea kua matou kua tuhia, kua whakamahia hoki reira hangarau tuakiri-hāngai i roto i te kōhungahunga. O te akoranga, i roto i tenei take, i reira he āhuatanga motuhake e te hunga mohio ki te kia mau ki pūkete i roto i te tukanga.

I teie mahana taea e nui-tech, e he lahi i roto i ia paparanga o te hapori hou. Ko te mahi o te kaiako ko e, ara i roto i te kindergarten ahu te mana o hangarau mātauranga pāhekoheko. Tenei ka tukua tonu moni ki ngā tamariki, ki te hoatu ki a ratou he manawarü ki te ako motuhake o te kaupapa e whakaarohia ana.

tūnga o te tamaiti i roto i te tukanga mātauranga he mahu'inga. Me piri te kaiwhakarato ki te whakapono ohie: "! E kore reira, e kore e ki runga reira, a tahi" Ko te whāinga o te huarahi taua - i roto i nga ara ki te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga tahi o te tangata whaiaro-ranea, whaiaro-māia, pae whakakahoretia o complexes, e te nuinga te ārai i te wahi o te tukanga mātauranga noa.

Ko te mahi matua o te kaiako i roto i te kindergarten ko te hanganga o te momo rangahau o fakakaukau i roto i te kaha o te tamaiti ki te whaiaro, ako matau me te pai o te ao huri noa ia. Kia mahara te reira e kia waiho te tikanga matua o te mahi rongoā hangarau vospitatelskoy etahi raruraru mahi i roto i te ngāwari, te ara ngahau. Me koe ki te whakahere tamariki etahi mahi e taea te whakatika mā te mau ana i roto i ngā ngā me te whakaongaonga.

tikanga Basic o te mahi i roto i te kindergarten

He aha ngā tikanga me ngā rautaki kia kupu ia arata'ihia? Kia whakarārangi o ratou i roto i ngā kōrero:

• Kōrero "momo heuristic", i roto i nei mahi tamariki taea manatoko i te tika o te rauemi kōrerotia kaiako.
• Ko te otinga ki ngā pātai i puta ake katoa te āhua o te raruraru "i runga i te ngaro", kahore tightening. Kore, kia ngaro te tamaiti moni i roto i te kaupapa ako.
• aroturuki haere tonu o te ao a tawhio noa.
• Te whakatauira o ngā tukanga e e tonu tupu i roto i te natura.
• Tauākī o ngā rite.
• kia tuhia nga hua katoa o whakamātautau me ngā i roto i te puka o ātaahua, drawings taipitopito.
• Ki te taea, e hiahia ana koe ki te kawe mai ki te kounga o te piha haapiiraa tohanga, ngā tuhi oro kararehe.
• Me whakahere te kaiwhakarato te ākonga ki te pee i enei oro, te haamau'araa i kēmu waiata.
• kia te aro i roto i te whakaahuatanga e mahi i runga i te whanaketanga o te whakapuaki toi, e taea ai e koe tika me nehenehe faaite ratou whakaaro, e kore e tutuki. Na te whakawhanake tonu, me te diction tika, i te mea tino whai hua ki te tangata, a i roto i te wā o muri katoa o tona ora.
• Tautuhinga o āhuatanga kiko e rapua e ratou whakaaetanga i roto i ngā huarahi auaha.
• mahi mahi Various.

Na ka titiro matou ki te aha kia āhuatanga e te whakamahi tika o hangarau tuakiri-hāngai i roto i te hou whare mātauranga me kindergarten.