Rererangi Light Yak-12: Whakatakotoranga, whakaahua, hītori o hanga

I roto i te 1940, whakaaetia te kaiārahi Soviet he mahere mo te whanaketanga me te hanga hou o te ōhanga ā-motu. E ai ki a ia, Kua pāngia huringa nui te rāngai ahuwhenua. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakapai ake i te mana pest me te rerenga parukore ratonga ki te taupori ka anga ki mātātoa whakawhanake i te rārangi rangi. te hua o tēnei i roto i te putanga o tetahi o te marama i te wa o engines rererangi. Ko reira o taua waka rererangi rite te Yak-12.

History o hanga

Ko te Yak-12 ko te waka waka-whakaaro maha hangaia e te pokapū hoahoa i raro i te arata'iraa o A. S. Yakovleva. I muri whakamātautau angitu i roto i 1946, ka anga te hanga o te rererangi ki te papatipu-hua. Ko kua i roto i tetahi o te pairati whakamātautau e kore i taea e te whenua te rererangi i runga i te rohe whakaratohia fakatāutaha e Stalin, me hanga rangatū o te tauira rererangi kua mutu. Ahakoa te meka e te hoahoa o te rererangi ko Yak-12 rererangi i roto i te tahi atu waka o taua wa tetahi o te pai me te hapa i runga i te wahi o te hanga pairati-tauine anō i muri anake te matenga o te rangatira.

Ko te hoahoa o te mīhini rererangi

I te tīmatanga, kua hangaia te waka rererangi mo te Force Air rite te mīhini rua, e taea o te raveraa i te mau fifi parukore, me te hono. Yak-12 ko te hanga te whakauru i: hoki te hanga o turanga takere paiherea hromansilevye whakamahia putorino. i hanga papa Duralumin rua-tira rākau parirau, tailplane me ailerons. whakapai ratou parirau me te wāhanga hiku i kakahu. Hei kuti te kopere whakamahia duralumin. ka Wood te pūtake mo te hanga o takai o formwork plane. rite rawa mīhini rererangi parukore i ki te rōautuki Ōseni Dural whakaritea. Ki te whakaiti i te ātete i roto i te tahuhu no ki te momo pyramidal, i eke ai rīpene motuhake - taata.

Aircraft fare no ki te momo waka, me te taea hāngai ake ki te wha iwi. Ki te tika, whakapumautia tona taha matau i te moenga ki te kawe i te werohia. Te nuinga rererangi tuatahi i rite rawa Yak-12 ki te pūkaha M-11FR 160 rita. he. a hū ai. Neke atu i te wa, kua whakakapia te hanganga o te rererangi rakau konumohe.

iku'anga

Kua Yak-12 rererangi kua whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te ahuwhenua. Ki te awhina o tenei mīhini i hanga tauiraa o te tipu maniua, matomato, ruingahae o kai me mara. taea mahi ano te reira i rite te waka tūroro. I whakamahia te Yak-12 rite te kawe mēra me te kukume. Ka rite ki te taraka pāhihi o tenei rererangi i pai i runga i te ara iti. I hangaia te mīhini mō te rua pāhihi me Ko te ahei o pato te kawenga e kore nui ake 350 kirokaramu. Ko te kura raumati mō te hekerangi whakamahia hoki te Yak-12.

Ko te pūrere me te hoahoa o te mīhini rererangi multipurpose āhuatanga e tona tapatahi, me te ruggedness i whakamahi, te aroaro o teihana me ngā pūrere reo irirangi, tuku hoki flights i te po, me te i roto i ngā āhuatanga huarere kino. I tua atu ki te Soviet Union, te rererangi i whakamahia i roto i China ko Poland, i roto i nei hua ia rite PZL-101 Gawron.

whakaahuatanga

pēhia e Yak-Hakihea 1947 take te vysokoplanom te whakamahi i pūkaha M-11FR. te hoahoa rererangi taea whai i te fare rua- ranei toru-rohe. Yak-12 i tuatahi hangaia he rua rite. He V-ahuahu rauawa parirau, me te ūngutungutu i te kōpuku mo whakamau i te tahuhu. Na roto i te he kākaho duralumin koki whakaeke tino pūmau e kore he reira mōrearea. Ake huriaro pyramidal (whakamatauria ki te Yak-10) i roto i te motuhake rīpene-roa, e hora i ia wira ki te monoprotic rapa.

whakamana ana te mahi wahia te ki te wira matua 6 x 18 cm, me te hiku 20 x 11 cm. Ka taea te piri ratou ski. Whakahaere ngā rere taura. Kei runga i te kākaho parirau nui te whakapai ake i te āhuatanga o te taunga, me te whai hua i runga i te haumaru i roto i te rere.

Ko te Yak-12: Whakatakotoranga

• Length - 8.36 m.
• Teitei - 3,76 m.
• Parirau - 12 m.
• Area Wing - 21,60 m ^2.
• Aircraft taimaha - 830 kg.
• taimaha manakohia (tetahi e taea te ara) ko 1450 kg.
• Engines - 1PD M-11FR.
• tere mōrahi - 194 km / h.
• Ina tauihi ana tere - 169 km / h.
• tere tauranga - 90 km / h.
• Akina - 1h160 KN.
• Kei te hangaia te waka rererangi mō te 4-haora rere.
• ngā Flight - 760 km.

Yak-12 whakarerekē

āhuatanga Model rererangi e noho pai o te mahi, kia e taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā kura rererangi rite te kaiwhakangungu. I tua atu ki te whakangungu, he reira e taea ki te mahi i ētahi atu mahi i runga i te putanga rānei:

• whakaaro Yak-12B te ki kia anake te tauira ki te marama ki te 35 mita o te tawhiti te wakarererangi. Ko te hoahoa o te pūkaha rawa ki te AI-14RF, tona kaha ko 300 rita. he.
• Yak-12C - te waka tūroro rangi ki te kawe i te tangata i werohia.
• Yak-12SKH - putanga o te waka rererangi mō ngā take ahuwhenua. mahi te reira i te ruingahae o ngā wāhi matomato, me te riringi patukīrea. rite rawa te hoahoa kei te ki te tank motuhake kei raro i te takere.
• Yak-12R - rererangi mo te Force Air. Taumahi - kōrero. āhuatanga te hoahoa he pūkaha kaha AI-14P (260 l. C.). rite rawa te wahi hiku te ki tīkape - matau wahia motuhake, i totohu i roto i te taunga i runga i te tämata, whakaiti tona tēnei pukapuka.

hoki whakapainga

whakaaro te tetahi rawa tuatahi ko te hanga o te waka rererangi Yak-12. tauira rererangi i roto i te whakarerekē A kiri huringa ki te wā:

• Parirau riro āhua trapezoidal a i rite rawa ki te kākaho, ngā kotahi canting.
• Fuel tank: he hua i roto i te rahi.
• whakapakari huriaro.
• riro urungi haona āhua.
• Pailati. Na roto i te wae frontal me glazing taha ki te whakapai ake i te tirohanga. He whakapai ake nui i roto i te whakamarie fare i tika ki te whakamahi o te upholstery hiako ngohengohe. Ko te taimaha e taea whakaara Yak-12 tīkina, ko 1588 kg. Nā ki huringa i roto i te waka rererangi o te parirau tino pai ake motupaika, nui haere tere o 30 km / hr me ngā rere.

atu whakapainga

pa ratou i te takere muri me te roa o te mīhini.

• Kua nui haere Yak-12m ki runga ki te 9 mita.
• I whakaurua te hoahoa me te whakakorea forkil tīkape.
• Mua takere huriaro mua me te parirau haereere maitai whakapakaritia.
• whakakapi whakatārewatanga waipēhi te rapa.
• Fare i roto i te whakarerekētia Yak-12 te hangaia hoki e toru ngā pāhihi.

Eaha te mau tauiraa i hanga?

Nā ki i taunga huringa i roto i te rererangi:

• Hoki te mahi ahuwhenua. Ka taea e koe te whakaturia te taputapu e tika ana mō te rua haora i roto i te hoahoa mīhini.
• Hei kawe i raruraru hauora. He ko nui te mokowā ki hāngai, i roto i te tua ki te rua kaiurungi, tetahi tākuta me i patua.
• Hei kawe i hūpeke whakangungu. Rawa eke i runga i te taha ki matau o te footrest E faaiti tenei raruraru.

Waka rererangi mo te Soviet Air Force

I whakahaeretia Yak-12R i te Soviet Air Force rite te takawaenga, me te waka. Ki tenei mutunga, rite rawa te tauira i ki te nekeneke kaha AI-14P (260 l. C.), ka te tīwiri-VISH 539L-11. i whakakapi Wood moana i te duralumin. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakaiti i te roa o te ara i runga i nga whenua unpaved ki te 50 mita i roto i Yak-12R nekehia te maripi o braking i noho i mua i te wira mua i roto i te muri. I hangaia te fare e toru ngā pāhihi. tae Aircraft taimaha 912 kg.

putanga Trainer

I roto i te tīmatanga o 1959 i timata te kaihoahoa Soviet ki te kia whakawhanakehia rererangi simulator Yak-12 UT. Ko tōna whakaaro i ki te whakangungu kaiurungi hoia ki te kawe i roto i tauranga i runga i whakatangi. Ki tenei mutunga, kua te piha kua rite rawa ki:

• Te huinga tuarua, tuku e rua ki te whakahaere i te pūkaha rererangi Yak-12 UT, ka mahi mana ringa, me te waewae.
• kāpehu Radio ARK-5.
• huinga Ngāwari o CAP-48 taputapu ki i hanga he taunga matapo.
• Tautohu kaiwhiwhi Mighty-48.
• Radio altimeter RV-2.
• generator HSC-1500. Ki te tupu te reira taputapu whakatutuki.

whakamātautau

I roto i te 1950, whakamatauria te Yak-12 i roto i WT GC NIIVVS me e tūtohu mo nga kura rere o te Force Air hei simulator whai hua mō te whakangungu kaiurungi. I te taua hē i tāutuhia:

• 1700 takaí ia matatahi meneti whakakitea ngoikore mana hau generator GSK-1500.
• Ko te pūihi whakamahia ki iti rawa kaha - kua anake mahi te kaiwhiwhi i te teitei e kore rawa 1850 mita.
• Ko te whānuitanga o te kāpehu i 160 km. Ehara i te mea nui, pera i te Komihana hoatu mua nga whakaritenga o te iti rawa 180 mita.

I muri i te whakamātautau i roto i Hune i whakaingoatia ano i Oketopa o te taua tau. I muri otinga o te Yak-12 i rite rawa ki te UT:

• mirahau WA-5 mo i āhuatanga e te huringa i roto i te ware o te matatahi i roto i whati;
• mahi tōtika huinga T-āhua pūihi i tetahi teitei.

I roto i te 1952, kua pai te haere i tenei rererangi te whakamātautau hou. Otiia, wahi i roto i te tuhinga e kore e puta i te reira rite te Yak-12 UT.

tauira rererangi parukore

Yak-12s, whakaaro 1948 take o te rerenga parukore te tetahi o te rererangi i roto i tenei raupapa. takatū te hoahoa o tenei mīhini rererangi i ki te kawe i te manawanui. Kua whakaritea te taha maui o te heitiki moenga. No te tahi atu huringa i roto i te Yak-12 kihai i hanga. paunatia rererangi Pātea 852 kg me he taea ki te tu atu i te kawenga ki runga ki te 380 kg. I whakaurua te reira i taputapu motuhake taimaha, i moni ki 22 kg. Yak-12s kawea kawenga hauora o runga ki te 175 kg, a i pai ake 2c ona tawhā.

Hanga i te waka rererangi me ratou ringa

Ki te rauemi e tika ana, ka taea e hanga e koe te Yak-12 i potolochki kāinga (tuanui tāpa Tangohanga o terei). I roto i te aroaro o nga taputapu e tika ana, me ngā wāhanga e manawapa ki te akakoromaki i tenei mahi e kore he uaua.

Materials, taputapu me ngā wāhanga e manawapa

Hei te mahi e hiahiatia ana taua rauemi:

• potolochka matotoru o 0.5 cm;
• kāpia motuhake mō tāpa tuanui;
• 10 ml pūwero;
• rīpene maha-tae;
• waea diameter 0.1 cm;
• pepa A4 o te pepa.

Utauta hiahiatia:

• poari flat, i te mea watea ki te whakahaere;
• maripi Tuhituhi;
• raina mita;
• Emery.

wāhanga:

• Ko e kore e iti iho i 1100 rpm te pūkaha hiko;
• he pūhiko 12 volts;
• kotahi hurirere.

Tīmata. Te mahi ki te tātuhi

I mua timata koe, e hiahia ana koe ki te whai i te whakaaro o te āhua o koutou rite RC rererangi Yak-12. e tūtohu ana ki te tiki i te tuhinga e tika ana. tānga tāngia i roto i mo te haratau kia hoatu tau rangatū. Na e decomposed ratou i roto i runga i te tau i runga i te mata papatahi.

Production o kōrero mo te hua

I runga i te pūtake o tuhi, ka taea e koe te haere tonu ki te excision o nga wahi e tika ana. Well, ki te te tūemi he maha nui o ngā rārangi tika he. I roto i tenei take, kua whakaaro reira ngāwari.

Hei te mahi ki te tuhi taua e hiahia te ngira. Mā te whakamahi i te reira, punctures whakaritea nga koki katoa. Na, ko te aho i i whakaturia i tetahi poka ki te muri e te maripi tuhituhi hanga o Kosi pepa. E mahi ana ratou i roto i te raupapa rite te roa rite kore te te tātuhi i hanga tino rite mo te pia wahi o te heke mai o te rererangi. Ki te to ratou hononga he nui ki te whakarite kia kore e e ofati i te taha, me te āhuahanga o te tauira i mua nei.

Ia whārangi kia meinga tikanga wahi anō e hiahia ana ki te kia tapahia. Ka rite ki te hua, i pā atu kia piri whatiwhatinga o te hanganga ki ia atu. Anake i muri i ki te awhina o te pūwero taea te hanga o to ratou hononga.

whakaminenga

• A, no te he nui te huihui o te hua ki te whakarite i ēnei i te taha ki te wahi i waho.
• whakaaro tētahi āhuatanga nui te wahi tapahia rahi tautukunga ki āhuatanga e kua he pākahiko rechargeable - kia mau ai ki nui atu i te whakamahere i roto i te tuhi. E tūtohutia ana ki te kawe i roto i ngā inenga ki te rangatira.
• Hoki te hononga u he minaminatia ki te whakamahi i titi, kawenga tumuaki tuarua ranei.
• Ka taea te whakamahi mō te okeoke i runga i ngongo hanganga o te piko hiahiatia.
• I muri iho, tahi o nga wahi whakapā Yak-12 te hononga. Radio-te mana rererangi tauira, kei hea te maha e pā ana te rere ki te topata i roto i te hiahia o te haapuairaa i te hanganga.
• Hanga he pa kaha o te whakangao o ngā hua ka āwhina i ngā rīpene.
• tūtohutia waea kaki mō te āpiti i te servos.
• Motorama, i whakaturia te pūkaha kia hanga o kahupapa angiangi. Hoki he reira tino watea ki te mau pokekore.
• I roto i te ngaro o te wahi o te kahupapa kia hoki te whakamahi kirihou, konumohe pahuka i ranei. Ko te mea matua ko te e he ngāwari te rauemi. Ko reira e minaminatia e hanga te taimaha o te tauira kore ake atu i te 600 karamu.
• tūtohutia whakarewatanga o te hua kei te ki te hanga i te maka o ona ringa.
• Me mahi whakatō kia ki te tīmata i te kopu o te rererangi i runga i te mata ngohengohe. Hoki tenei whakaaro kōwhiri kia eke i runga i te hoahoa wira.

Utu Ford Arotahi 3008 Pegout rite ki te utu o te fakatupu rererangi rite te Yak-12 ranei. Photography tikanga i raro tohu āhuatanga o tona hoahoa waho. Ko kia haamana'o te reira e whakaputaina rerekē nga whakarerekētanga.

I roto i to tatou wa, whakaaro te Yak-12 te he rarity. Ka taea te kitea te reira i te kaikohikohi o taputapu rererangi.