"Pleiad" - he whetū o te whiti

E ai ki te tikanga pū o te kupu "tupuni" fakahu'unga he hapori etahi o te iwi o tetahi wā, me te kotahi ngā mahi. Ko te kupu mea putake i roto i te pūrākau Kariki. Pleiad - nga tamahine e whitu o Atlas ko Pleione, i ara ake Hupita ki te rangi, a tahuri ana ki te kāhui whetū. Kei te whiti ana e ono nga whetu marama kanapa, a kotahi anake shyly huna - no te mea ia, i rite ki whiriwhiria ana tuahine talangofua atua aroha o nga tangata. E ai ki te ngā kōrero taua, mahi kaiwhakatere tawhito kara tiretiera te Matariki whetū.

Ehara i Koinei, tenei ahanoa wāhi kua meinga hoki tenetere maha me tauatini he tohu rongonui mō minita waiata. whakaata Rawa kanapa o te whetū o te tuakoi raki kitea i roto i te belles-lettres. Ahakoa i roto i nga wa onamata, i roto i te III rau BC, whanau te kura Arehanaria o whiti i. E whitu kaitito, e pā ana ki reira - Homer Jr., Aporo, Nikander, Theocritus, Aramur, Likotron me Filiki - whakaritea i roto i te porohita motuhake a huaina ratou "Pleiad". tonu tenei au i roto i te hītori o te tuhinga tawhito hei tauira o te whiti tiketike.

Kua haere, kua korerotia tauatini hītori iho. I roto i te Renaissance, i 1540, whakaaturia France iho nga kaitito hou "Matariki." Ko te wa o Wīwī Romanticism, me te ake - te nakawhiti o te whiti tahito. He rōpū o kaitito taitamariki, arahina e Pierre de Ronsard huraina he hōtaka pono orurehau o te whanaketanga o te tuhinga motu. Ko reira taa'eraa e ratou, rawa, ko e whitu, ko ratou to ratou hapori rite te "Pleiad" e kore e anake. Ko te whakamātau ki te whakahauora me te hoatu i tētahi manawa hou o te tuhinga taketake, me i te wa ano, i reira he ahua o te tau'a ore i te iho tau-tau o te whiti French.

He aha te hōtaka o kaitito "Matariki" hāngai te? I kī te reira i roto i te pukapuka Joachim du Bellay, a ko te ahua o te Faaiteraa kore ki te whakahauora, engari ki te waihanga tuhinga hou. Ko te whakatupuranga o muri o kaitito whawhai hoki te tahi mea ki te kawea mai i roto i te tuhinga French o te iho i tahito ra o te irava Alexandrine. Taua te hiahia faataa ratou e ko te reira Hellenic, he tata ki te tino whiti Arehanaria - me te haupū, me Poetics i whānui. I roto i te pukapuka whakautu ngoikore, me te tautohetia i hanga te kamokamo mohio ki te reo tangata whenua: ae, ko te reo French ataahua, te mea pea nui, engari kei te kore e rite ki whakawhanakehia reira rite te Kariki Latin ranei, a no te mea me reira ki te whakawhanake. A he aha te ara o te whanaketanga tohutohu ki te whiriwhiri "Pleiad"? Ko te reira i tetahi mea rite te peehia o nga kaumatua.

I roto i te hapori whiti, ngā rima - Etenn Zhodel, Jean-Antoine de Baïf, Remi Bello, Zhan Dora, Ponoto de Tyard. Kua riro te faufaa ai'a o "Matariki", kua tae nei ki raro, ki nga wa hou, he tauira o te pono lyricism Romantic French me whiti o Pierre de Ronsard atu wheako kawa mladoellinistov Renaissance pai mōhiotia. Kua i roto i te 70, i roto i ona tau i muri mai ka tuhituhi e ia te mau masterpieces, i roto i ngā, noho i roto i te hītori o French tuhinga "Sonnets mo Helen" - te tainga o tona aroha whakamutunga Aue. A i roto i ratou kahore wahi o peehia, kahore he angalelei ki te ngakau irava tona Alexandrine, engari i reira he he ora anake, te mamae wairua o te rohi pehe.

I roto i te wā i muri mai i roto i te aamu o te tuhituhinga kua toutou whakatangi i roto i te pā ana ki te kupu "Pleiad" whiti. Ko tenei, Heoi, he ti'araa pono attributive kaitito kotahi o nāianei ranei kotahi taitahi. Na, i roto i te faaino tuhituhi hou Kei te maha whakamahia wā "kaitito Pushkin tupuni", "tupuni o kaitito hiriwa" tau. " Ko ko tenei e founga tuhituhi Goethe, "te rau tau hou - te tahi atu manu."