Pinakothek, Munich: whakaahuatanga me arotake

Pinakothek (Munich) - tetahi o nga ara i-ao te piha toi tino rongonui, i hira ake i 700 masterpieces momona 14-21 tenetere e tuhituhi nga rangatira tino rongonui: Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Dürer A., I. Bosch, Altdorfer, V. Titian , S. Botticelli, F. Goya et al.

History o te kohinga

Alte Pinakothek i Munich (Alte Pinakothek) - ko te whare taonga rongonui, me te pai-mohiotia, i te mea 9 mano peita i toi o Europe 14-18 tenetere .. I ahu mai te āhuatanga motuhake o te whare taonga e i tona ingoa. Pinakothek (Kariki "taiwhanga toi".) - he wahi i reira kitea pikitia anake.

timata kohinga o peita kohikohi i roto i 1528 te Bavarian Duke Wilhelm IV von Wittelsbach, e hiahia ana ki te whakapaipai i to ratou teneti raumati Munich Residence peita i runga i te papa whenua o mua. Ko te rawa tuatahi i tuhituhia, "te Battle o Alexander", whakatapua ki te whawhai o Aleksandra Makedonskogo te ope Pahia o Kingi Tariuha. Na, ka anga te kohinga ki te whakaki i ake me te tahi atu mau melo o te utuafare Vittelbahov.

Na roto i te mutunga o te kohinga rau tau 17 i roto i tona faufaa e hoko tetahi o te nui rawa i roto i Europe. I roto i ngā, taua i honoa mahi toi Ara nei kohia Bavaria kaipōti Maks Emmanuil (1679-1726).

Na roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 18, i te whare taonga, kua nga mahi o kaipeita faahiahia o Itari, Spain, Germany me te Netherlands. Na i reira ko he atu hua i roto i te kohinga:

• i roto i te 1777 i piri ia e peita i te taiwhanga Mannheim;
• 1803 - 1500 mahi o te toi i nga mua i roto i hahi me monasteries;
• 1806 g.- tāpiri ki te kohinga i roto i Düsseldorf me mahi i Karlsberg Castle.

he ruma motuhake i roto i te whare Schleißheim i hanga ki te whare i te peita.

Construction o whare Pinakothek

Tau o te kingitanga o Ludwig ahau o Bavaria (1825-1848) - he wā faahiahia i roto i te aamu o te taiwhanga Munich. I taua wa ia mahi o kaitoi Tiamana, me te Tatimana mohiotia kua riro 15. peita Italian o te Renaissance.

Hei hāngai te taua kohinga taonga o te tono kaha i roto i te hanganga o te whare motuhake, me te whakamahinga o te mahi i roto i te raupapa wā.

Ludwig faaoti ahau e ki tona kohinga tūmataiti o mahi o toi tika hei mōhiotanga tūmatanui e i whakaaro Munich te pokapū o te peita, me te tahi atu toi ao-mohiotia.

I hangaia te mahere papa taiwhanga i kaihoahoa Leo von Klenze i te kāhua Renaissance. ka mau te whakapanga hanahana o te kokonga o te whare wahi i roto i April 1826 i runga i te ra whanau o te artist Ludwig aroha Raphael. whakahau ano a Kingi o Bavaria ki ingoa te whare taonga i te kupu Kariki "Pinakothek".

Alte Pinakothek (Munich) i hanga rite wawe rite 1836, me i te wa ano tukuna Ludwig he tikanga i runga i te urunga noa ki tonutia ana katoa o te whare taonga i runga i sabati. Heoi, e kore nga tau wawe o nga tangata, ko te pera nui he whare taonga tae mai e maha pikiniki whakaritea i runga i te karaihe i mua o te taiwhanga.

I roto i te Pinacotheca tawhito whakaritea anake mahi o toi, timata mai i te Middle me mutu Māmá. Ko te whare ko reira rawa pouri, me te hina, roto e whakapaipai ano nga ruma ki tata tetahi mea. E kore e te ngaro oti o te whakapaipai i hanga rawa hoki manuhiri raruraru i te whakaaro matua o te haerenga o te whare taonga - te mata'ita'iraa o masterpieces toi o peita.

I roto i te rau tau 19-20 tonu Pinakothek kohinga ki te whakawhānui i roto i te rironga o mahi o toi o te wa, i i hanga i roto i te 1853 na roto i te hanga i te Pinakothek hou.

Ko te whawhai me te faaho'iraa mai o te whare taonga

I roto i te 2 World War Pinakothek (Munich) i pakaru tino i roto i te marau o Anglo-American Aviation. Paintings ora ratou, t. Ki. Tāpae te mua i roto i te wharau raro. Ko te whare o te Alte Pinakothek whakahokia anake i 1963.

Ko te whare o te Pinakothek hou (kite. Photo) i tata rawa whakangaromia, ka whakahoki kihai ia e taea te. New Pinakothek rawa hanga e te kaihoahoa A. Brankasa, a whakatuwheratia ana e ia anake i roto i te 1981.

He rerekē te whare, he maha matapihi kokoru me te haurangi matapihi ruawhetū, e i te wa meinga totohe tūmatanui me whakaaro rerekē ngā. Heoi, i roto i nga ruma e whakapaipai, nga urupare pai rawa riro ngā te kaihoahoa o te rama rauata.

Na konei faaite te reira 550 peita me whakairo o 19-20 tenetere.

Ko te kohinga o te Alte Pinakothek

Kei te faaiteraa i roto i te whare e rua-papa, i runga i te papa whenua i roto i te parirau maui o e reira ko he poto, pinepine te huri ngā whakaaturanga. I roto i nga kaipeita, i te mea te Alte Pinakothek (Munich) - peita i toi Ara, me te Tiamana o te 15-17 tenetere:. P. Bruegel, Lucas Cranach me etahi atu (parirau matau) ..

I te rua o te papa - Northern parare kohinga: peita Dutchman L. van ka pa o, Rembrandt; Durer ko S. Lochner; toi Italian Botticelli, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci; Ara Van DYCK, Rubens.

I roto i te parirau tika, ka taea e kite koe i te kohinga o pikitia o te Baroque ko Rococo, tae atu El Greco ko Murillo, me te tahi atu toi Italian, French, me te Tiamana.

Masterpieces o te Alte Pinakothek

E rave rahi o te mahi o kaitoi rongonui ko te Alte Pinakothek (Munich): masterpieces o 15-18 tenetere, ia o nei he tona hītori ake.

Hei tauira, te peita "Madonna o te kāneihana" i tūpono hokona i te kaihoko, a anake i muri i kitea i roto i taua i peitatia ai e te taitamariki Leonardo da Vinci. Na ko te ariki peita anake, kei runga i te rohe o Germany tenei. Kāneihana puawai, e pupuri ana i te wahine a Meri - he tohu o te tahuti ore.

E Fransua Bushe "Portrait o Madame de Pompadour" (1758), me te "hanga ki Girl" (1752) tuhituhi nga kotiro: rangatira o Louis te 15, i ko te ataahua rongonui ki reka arero, ko Louise O'Murphy, wahine o te marae, i roto i te heke mai kua hoki riro te reira i te tino o te kingi.

Mahi van DYCK "Self-whakaahua" (1619), me te "Huhana, me te kaumatua" (1622), ariki o te whakaahua marae me peita karakia.

Mahi toi a Paora Rubens "te whakawa Last" (1617) parau te kōrero o te hui nui: ka tu te iwi ki te kōrero o mahia ora ana hara, me whakatutukitanga nui i te aroaro o te Atua, ki te whakatau i to ratou whakarau - te ara ki te rangi ranei, te reinga. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga peita rahi i roto i te aamu o te ao te rahi o 610 x 460 cm, e te āta hangaia mo te whare taonga.

I roto i te hoho'a peni "Ko te mate o Seneca" (1613), te kaipeita rongonui Tatimana P. Rubens parau o meka hītori, te mea i tupu ki te Seneca rongonui, nei te Hiha Nero rite te whiu mo te tinihanga whakahau ki te mahia e whakamomori. Seneca āta whakarongo ki tenei otinga, me tahi me tana wahine i rite ki te farii i tona mate.

hītori Neue Pinakothek

whakaturia Neue Pinakothek i Munich i roto i 1846 rite te hokohoko atu o te koroheke, me te tuatahi kei mahi o toi o te rau tau 18. Otto kingi o Kirihi tonu te mahi o tona papa, a hanga e te faaiteraa o te mahi o te kura Munich o toi peita. tuhituhi āta kaipeita whenua pai-mohiotia K. Rothman mo te taiwhanga 23 papa reo nui tohu i te haamo'araa, a Kariki.

mahi I roto i 1909, i roto i te kohinga kua tapiritia Impressionist Wīwī (Cézanne, Manet, Gauguin et al.).

Te Pinakothek hou kei mahi o toi o 19-20 tenetere, te wā o te romanticism, Classicism me te talena. Tapeke i roto i te rokiroki he 3,000 peita me 300 whakairo, 22 o nei te hunga i roto i te fare faaite 550 peita me te 50 mahi o hanga pakoko.

Pictures o te Pinakothek hou

Ko te masterpieces tino rongonui, e tohu ana he Pinakothek hou (Munich) - pikitia:

• "Ipu ki tournesol" e V. Van Gogh (1888) - Ko te ahua o te tohu o te mariu, me te tangata whakaaro auaha, he mea homai e te whakarongo tetahi wahi iti o te ra.
• "Poor Poet» Karl Spitzweg (1839) - E whakaahua ana te whakama me te huru ke i roto i te whare o te rohi pehe mokemoke, kawea atu ki o ratou auahatanga kia e kite ia i tona taiao.

• "I muri i te po te paroro" Yu K. K. Dalya (1819) - moe te pikitia kei te ki te mau hopearaa o te tukinga, noho i muri i te tupuhi i, me i te wa ano, waiata nga whakamoemiti o te anō i roto i te puka o te kurupae o te marama.
• "Don Kuisito" Onore Dome (1868) tohu te mo'emo'e o te hero, i te toi rawa tuhituhia kahore te kanohi.

Pinakothek der Moderne

Ko te tuatoru o nga wahi tino hou o te taiwhanga (tuwhera mai 2002), - Pinakothek der Moderne (Munich), whakatapua nei ki te toi o tenei ra. Kei roto te reira i 4 taonga motuhake:

• Collection o Contemporary Art, he mema o te kohinga Bavarian o peita.
• State Museum o Applied Arts.
• Museum hoahoanga - parau te nuinga e pā ana ki German hoahoanga 19-21 senituli, e taui te whakaaturanga pinepine (500 mano tānga me mahere hanga e te kaihoahoa i ngā wā rerekē, me te 100 mano whakaahua o ngā whakataunga hoahoanga ..) ..
• State kauwhata whakaminenga Munich (350 mano. Tuhi me 45 mano. Tātuhi).

whare Pinakothek der Moderne whakaturia e kaihoahoa S. Braunfels i runga i takoha tūmataiti. He wāteatea, me te marama reira, i roto i te pokapū o reira - dvusfernaya whare porohita i roto i te rua tohutohu e te mahuetanga i te pikitanga whanui, ārahi te manuhiri ki te whakaaturanga.

I roto i te wahi raro o te kohinga hoahoa kei i runga i māngai te papa 1 e kohinga hoahoanga me te whakairoiro me te whakaaturanga rangitahi.

Kei roto i te parirau hauauru te kohinga o te ao hōu puāwaitanga, rawhiti - te parau e pā ana ki te ahunga o te toi o ēnei rā: expressionism, Cubism, fauvism, Bauhaus, surrealism, pakū toi, itinga, me ētahi atu.

kohikohinga katoa huihui i roto i te hawhe tuarua o te rau tau 20 rite te kohikohi takoha whakawhiti rite te mea homai ki te whare taonga. Ko te mea homai whakamutunga - i te kohinga o nga tau 1960-90h toi Tiamana, me te Te Tai Tokerau American. - I tukua ki runga i roto i te tau 2006, E. ko M. Stoffel.

Ko te kohinga ngā mahi e toi rongonui :. Henri Matisse, F. Leger, Dali, Picasso, etc. He he ano hoki te rüma ki mahi whakaahua o kaitango nāianei.

Pinakothek i Munich: haora whakatuwhera, utu

E tata ki tahi i te tahi, mana i runga i te Sabati i te utu o te 1 € toru katoa Pinakothek, engari i tenei ra e î ki tūruhi te whare taonga.

Wāhi noho: Street Barer Strasse 27, 29, 40, Munich (Pinakothek). Te whakatuwhera haora:

• Old - 10.00 ki te 18.00, Rātū ki 20.00, katia Rāhina.
• New - 10:00 ki te 18:00, Wenerei ki 20.00, atu Rātū.
• Pinakothek der Moderne - i 10.00 ki te 18.00 i runga i Rāpare ki 20.00, e whitu nga ra i te wiki.

I te ra noa, he rerekē ki te Pinakothek te utu:

• Old - € 4 titeti utu.
• New - 7 €.
• Pinakothek der Moderne - 10 €.

Pinakothek i Munich: arotake

Reviews o ngā tūruhi e taetae te Pinakothek i Munich, - katoa, kaore he aweretanga, anaanatae pai. No te iwi ki te moni ngaio i roto i te peita me ngā ngā i roto i te toi o nāianei, te ara toi ko te puna o te mōhiohio me te mau mana'o hou i te ao o masterpieces toi o peita.

faaite maha manuhiri tatarahapa e te Alte Pinakothek (Munich) tae noa ki 2018 he tuwhera ki ngā manuhiri wāhanga anake, etahi o te puaretanga e kore mahi hoki o te mahi fakafoki mai.

Hoki ngā tūruhi haere ki te taiwhanga toi Munich rongonui homai ha faingamālie ki te kia maheni ki ngā momo o te toi (peita, whakairo, hoahoanga me te hoahoa) o te maha wā, mai i te anotau Middle ki hou.