Patu Russian "Āwhā": ngā whakaritenga hangarau

E rave rahi tau tatini, ko te pūnaha "Grad" tetahi o nga patu fakatupu mate tokolahi i roto i te ao. kihai i taea e No whenua i roto i te ao te tu atu te Russian Federation. Faaohipa i tangohia tenei tautuhinga e hoki i roto i te 1963. Tata tukutahi ki te MRL, ko reira "Hurricane" me "Twister." Otiia ka whānui noa "Grad".

Patu "Āwhā" āta i te kau o te take (2012), whakakapi tona mua. whakawhetai katoa ki te mana ake me te whakangaromanga pū. kore i oti anō i roto i te Russian Federation ano tupu, engari kua faaite kē ope hōia ke ratou moni i roto i te patu hou.

Ko te hītori o te MLRS

Ka taea te whakaaro te pūnaha tuatahi o launchers tākirirangi maha patu Korean e kua te ingoa "hwacha". Kei te whakaaro te reira i te "matua" o whakaurunga hou. He ko rawa he wa roa - i roto i te rau tau XV.

e kore hoki te wa roa i roto i te hītori o te patu kaha taua Kei huringa nui. Anake i te timatanga o te rau tau XIX i whakamahia projectiles unguided. Ko ratou he tākirirangi paura. Mai i whakamahia ratou i roto i whawhai maha, tae atu i roto i Copenhagen.

USSR piri rave i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha urupare. Kua i 1927, ka tomo etahi o nga tautuhinga i roto i te ratonga kaipuke. I hanga te reira i runga i nga tau e toru (tino angitu) tauira BM-13. mohiotia ana tēnei MRL te rite "Katyusha" te iwi.

ko te horapa "Grad" I muri i te pakanga. Kua riro te pūnaha mohiotia whānuitia i muri whakamahia te Soviet Union tona papā ki Haina.

Mua e "Āwhā" - "Grad"

Hoki te wa tuatahi, ka reira mārama pēhea te kaha pu "Grad", i muri i whakamatautau ai i runga i te motu Sino-Soviet. Na i reira ko he taupatupatu i roto i 1969 i waenganui i nga ratonga rohe o Haina me te Soviet Union. I muri i te torutoru matā o te rohe tahuri ki te mara parautia. E ai ki nga pūrongo o kōrero, i roto i taua āhuatanga, mahue ake atu i te 3 mano. Hainamana. Tetahi o te hunga e tamata ki te tomo i te kūrae Soviet (e te haere tonu ki roto ki te kainga o te PRC), i mahue ora.

I roto i te taviniraa o te Russian Federation "Grad" tu ahau mo neke atu i te 40 nga tau, a, kia rite ki matau tatou, nga mea katoa kua he tetahi "te ora papa." I roto i tona oraraa kite te whenua, he hou "Smerch" pūnaha me "Hurricane." Ratou whakakapi e te patu hōu Russia - "Āwhā".

Ko te ahua o patu "Āwhā" i roto i te Russian Federation

Ko te whakamātautau tuatahi o patu puta i 2011, ara te 25 o o te ngahuru tuatahi te marama. I enei whakamātautau i nga māngai o te ope hōia o whenua pērā i Russia me Kazakhstan. E ai ki nga hua, ka reira mārama e tona mua "Grad", hanga tenei tauira te poroporoaki i te ara. patu Russian "Āwhā" He ano mana nui shooting, pai tika o täia, wāhi matawhenua, ngā me te tika o te pere, a na i runga i. D., kua rite rawa ai ki te amiorangi-arahina motuhake. Ngā mihi ki a ia, kua heke nui te tūponotanga o te ma'iri.

āhuatanga iti "Āwhā-S"

I roto i te rerekē ki te "Āwhā" tauira "Āwhā-S" kua he whānuitanga nui ake, i te mea teitei ake i te tāutanga tuatahi e toru ngā wā. Nā ki te pūnaha e taea ai e koe te whakahaere i te rere pere, te whakatakoto i whakakororiatia ōrau iti o Misses. Ko te anga, i hua patu "Āwhā-S" e taea e rerekē tauira: tāpiripiri, kongokonga, maina, UPS (rerekē ratou i roto i taua i te whaiaro destruct-). Nā ki tenei, e waiho tenei MRL he ara nui mo te momeniti ki te pehea e o te hoariri. Heoi, te utu reira tino utu. I roto i te 2012, nui te moni o "Āwhā-S" Kua 35 miriona moni.

Creation o "Āwhā-G"

Patu "Āwhā-G" Kua whakawhanakehia, kua hoki te wa roa. tupu tenei i roto i te 90. Tenei MRL ara i whakamatauria hoki pihinga mahi i tetahi o nga pa Russian.

I roto i te 2011, ka tomo ia ki te tikanga kāwanatanga mō te tuku o 36 mihini. Ko taua te utu katoa ki neke atu i te 1 moni mrad. Otiia kihai i tenei tono rite. Ko te take i tenei tauira ko, i roto i te meka, ko te whakarerekē o ngā pūnaha "Grad". Ka rite ki te hua, tangohia kihai i "Āwhā-G" whakaaetia. Kua hou te kāwanatanga Russian tona whakatau i roto i te 2012, na i oti te supply o te rahinga taua o patu i roto i te 2013. Ka kia whakaritea ratou ki te kaipuke o te kāwanatanga.

Whakatakotoranga "Āwhā-G"

Patu "Āwhā-G" Ko huapae tango. hanga tenei reira taea ki te whakamahi i anga o calibers rerekē. Heoi, kia whanau ai i roto i te ngakau e te mea e wātea ana anake tenei āhuatanga, ki te ko te tahuhu ki te kia whakamahia, i tu i runga i te "Typhoon". awhe pūnaha cooldown i 3 ki te 7 meneti.

Ko te fare e te pūnaha mana hou ka arahina e te tukanga puhipuhi. e kore e mihi ki tenei hoia i ki te whakamahi i ngā rautaki whakaeke i nga hāngai i roto i te "Castle".

MLRS tika "Āwhā"

Ka rite ki tūmanakohia, te "Āwhā" pupuhi i te patu Russia te whakamahi i projectiles unguided i te puka o tākirirangi. tutuki ana tēnei pānga mōrahi - ngāwari ki te whakamahi, utu iti me te whakangaromanga tauine nui.

Ki te patu kārangarangatia kahore raruraru. He he kātakí - 100 km tawhiti pepa tukua he 200 m roto i te "Āwhā-G" pūnaha ako wāhi e wātea ana .. Kei te whakamahia te reira, ki te hiahia koe ki te tiki ki te tetahi ahanoa (tank, ngā kaimahi, me te pera i runga i. D.). Te huri i te trajectory he tika ki te whakamahi o te whakatere amiorangi me UAVs.

ringa raka

I muri i te pere pakeke nui ki te huna kanohi i te MRL, tango ki pūkete te mana o te "Āwhā". patu New Russia, aua, me e taea ki te hohoro whakatahi me te wehenga atu. Nā ki te meka e te pūnaha kitenga, whakamahia nei te ki konei, whakarato tika whakarei, ka taea e te patu tīmata neke noa i mua i te kau i tae nga missiles te whāinga. Ko te whakawhirinaki e kore te he tīmata hiahiatia, ko te 100%. Ko te tahuhu, i te mea he-whenua ripeka taea "Āwhā" ki te neke a tawhio noa te ara ka kīia e o runga ki te 85 km / h.

Ko te whānuitanga "Āwhā," me anga ërä

I roto i te taviniraa ki te Russian Federation kia anake "Āwhā-G". E whakamahia projectiles ërä, ko reira 122 mm. i reira e rave rahi atu tohu i roto i te tahi atu tauira. I tua atu ki te putanga "G" i hanga taputapu ki taupū "S", me te "U". Ko te diameters o nga missiles 300 me 220 mm, aua. E nehenehe o te pupuhi rite te "Māori" anga ratou, ka rite ki akatuke'anga "Hurricane" (Y), me "Smerch" (C), me motuhake. i te whakamutunga ko te awhe taupū rua te taketake.