Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral: whakaahua, whakaahuatanga, kaihoahoa, wāhitau, koropiko hōtaka

Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral i St Petersburg deservedly whakaaro tetahi o nga urupa tino a Tūrongo, o te Baroque Erihāpeti. Whakaturia i roto i te kororia o St. Nikolaya Mirlikiyskogo - te kaiwhakaruruhau tapu o haere me te rere - ia mo nga tau maha ko te wahi o te maa pae varua o kaumoana Russian.

whakataunga te moana Petersburg

Kei te pai te mohiotia te reira e e tühonohono te te ora o St Petersburg ki te moana, a ka timata a tawhio whakaturia reira i roto i 1704 te hanga kaipuke Admiralty. Tata i whakanohoia ai i roto i aua tau whakataunga Moana - he whakataunga i ngā te nuinga o pa kohatu kotahi-papa i roto i i noho ratou i te hunga nei ringa, a hanga te kaipuke Russian. Kei te tiaki ratou mahara i roto i nga ingoa - ko te huarahi Kanonerskaya taua motokā Pāoa. Canonero i te wa o Pita ka karanga Carriers.

I tua atu, i konei, a ka whakaarahia te whare karakia, i tuku ki roto i tenei tuhinga, kua homai hoki e te reira i tona ingoa te rohe i roto i nei kei reira, mākete, Faa, e rua piriti me ara, mau enei ra ingoa o Glinka.

puta te reira i te tuhinga pūranga, kōwhiringa pae, e muri whakatika Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral, i takoto kore anake e te aroaro o te wāhi noa, engari ano hoki te pātata o arawai, pērā i matau me awa Catherine me te awa Fontanka.

Ko te mua o te hahi nei

Hoki te whakaaro o te tiaki i te pae varua o te hunga e mahi ana tuatahi e rave rahi hahi hanga i roto i te tari manuao, e tata ana te hanga kaipuke Admiralty. I te wahi i reira tu inaianei te Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral, i reira ko tetahi fare pureraa, whakatapua hoki i te honore o te kaiwhakaruruhau tapu o kaumoana me haere. Mai i te pukapuka o to'utangata, kua mohiotia ai e taa ê te reira i te momonatanga faahiahia o tona whakapaipai, otiia kihai i taea e hāngai katoa.

Mahakai ki nga tono maha o te whakaminenga, faaoti te Hinota Tapu ki whakatū i tona wahi i te hahi rakau, whakatapua hoki ki te kaiwhakaruruhau te rangi o te kaipuke, engari ki te hanga i te reira nui nui, i meatia i roto i te 1743. I roto i te reira i whakawhitia i te fare pureraa mua o ngā ata, oko hahi , me te mea katoa e kanohi tetahi uara. ko te tino nui te pāriha o te hahi hou. E ai ki ora tuhinga, ko ona mema o kāwanatanga-puritia 3396 kaimahi me kaimahi, haunga nga wahine me ngā tamariki.

Ko te timatanga o te hanganga o te hahi kohatu

Heoi, ko te hanganga o te hahi rakau te whànau, anake. tawhiriwhiri ia ratou kaipuke Russian kororia e hiahiatia ana mo tona kaiwhakaruruhau he whare tika ake ki, a i roto i 1752 Prince Mikhail Golitsyn, nei ko peresideni Adiralteystv College, tukuna ki te Emepara he petihana mo te hanganga o te whare karakia kohatu hou.

Kua whakaritea ngā utu katoa ki te taupoki ana i te tikanga o te Tari Naval, me i ô horoa noa o tangata. I roto i tona wāhitau ki te Empress Elizabeth, rawa haapapu Prince e te hanga o te whare karakia, ka waiho i te mahara utu tika "o nga whakaora kororia o te kaipuke Russian". kihai i Empress Elizaveta Petrovna mangere, ki te hoatu i to ratou whakaae, i muri i timata te mahi.

Ko te kaihoahoa nei i hanga te kaupapa o te whare karakia

Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral, he whakaahua o e kua aroaro i roto i te tuhinga, i hanga e St Petersburg kaihoahoa Savvoy Ivanovichem Chevakinskim. Ka rite ki te kaihoahoa o te hanganga o te tauira i mua nei, i tūtohu te reira ki te whakamahi i te whare karakia, hanga i mua i roto i Astrakhan, me tona āhua he he tino rawa o Pita ahau i roto i tona tere o te pa Lower Täingäwai. Kei te mohiotia te reira e te tikanga te Hiha ki te hanga i te taua i roto i St. Petersburg, engari te mate ohorere, i aru i 1725, tatatia te iteraa o tona mahere.

a Chevakinsky ki whakaae, engari i roto i te mutunga i iti nga ritenga o nga hahi e rua ki o ratou domes e rima, mo St Petersburg i roto i aua tau i nei he rarity. Ko te take i hanga mo te wa roa whare hahi katoa i roto i reira i runga i te tauira o te whare karakia rongonui, kei runga i te rohe o te pa, e ko, kotahi-domed ka porotiti, te pourewa pere ki te koinga. Ko te kupu, te hanga Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral, kua hanga te kaihoahoa te taahiraa nui ki te hoki ki te whakarerenga iho Siu Russian.

Cathedral, e kore he wehi o te waipuke i

rēhitatia tōna kaihoahoa kaupapa tuatahi mo te whakaae o te rawa i roto i te puna o 1752, engari hohoro ka reira hoki mo te whakahounga, pera i roto i te faaineineraa o tuhi kihai i tangohia ki pūkete te taea o te waipuke, na auau i roto i te pane a te raki. I muri i te maimoatanga tika, tango i te tau, i te mutunga whakaaetia te kaupapa i roto i te puka i roto i nei kua ora te karakia ki te ra nei.

I roto i tona putanga hou o tona whare i whakaarahia ai na taua i runga ake i te taumata e i roto i te mau taime o te kino tae te wai Neva te patunga witi. Fakatatau ki ai, i hapu ai, a hanganga whānui o te whare karakia. I tua atu i reira i roto i te wā i 1755 ki te 1758 i hanga te pourewa pere, kia rite ki te whakarerenga iho, St Petersburg, i haaati e te koinga teitei.

Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral: Whakaahuatanga

Tenei Ko tetahi o nga cathedrals nui o St Petersburg i te wa ano hāngai rima mano iwi. whare Ko tōna He āhua cruciform i roto i te mahere, me te te nui whakapaipai ki tīwae Korinetia, architraves stucco me balconies ki te mahi-rino mātiti tauira.

E ai ki te tauira S. I. Chevakinskogo, hanga te whare o te Cathedral i roto i rua patunga. He whare ruma i roto i te puka o te ripeka equilateral. whakatapua te hahi o runga i roto i te honore o te Ihowā te. I tū te hui nui i runga i Hōngongoi 26, 1762 e Archbishop Sylvester (Kulyabko) i roto i te aroaro o Empress Catherine II, nei tae mai Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral. Tona hahi raro, rite hapu tuatahi, i whakatapua i roto i te honore o St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa.

Ata Cathedral me whakairo whakapaipai

Ko Ngā taa'eraa te iconostasis rua hahi, i hanga i roto i te rau tau XVIII, te tino rangatira-whakairo S. P. Nikulinym me I. F. Kanaevym. Hoki o te moni, me ata, i tukua te hanga o nei ki te pai icon kaipeita St Petersburg o aua tau Fedotu Lukichu Kolokolnikovu me ana tuākana e rua - Ivan ko Mina.

Me kï hoki, rokohanga, e whakawhanakehia nga huahua o iconography e rua te kaihoahoa o te whare karakia - SI Chevakinsky. whakaemi ia he rārangi o tika mo ratou ata. Haunga nga mahi o enei kaitoi, i roto i te whare karakia, he icon ahurei o Nikolaya Chudotvortsa ki te korakora o ana pukahu, hanga i roto i te rau tau XVII. Ko te reira i te whare matua o te whare karakia.

Memorial kohatu me ngā pūtahi aroha karakia

Tangata katoa e haere mai ana ki a St. Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral, pohehe kumea whakarongo ki te vysyascheysya kohatu o tino i roto i tona kari. I whakatūria te reira i roto i 1908 i roto i te mahara o te waka o te tama'i "Alexander III», te aito e mate i roto i te pakanga o Tsushima, i ko tetahi o te whārangi fakamamahi i roto i te pakanga Russian-Japanese.

I hanga huahua o te kohatu o na tetahi o nga kaiuru i roto i aua takahanga - he kānara, Prince M. S. Putyatinym. I roto i te wā i mua i-pāhoro ka ko te hōhipera kaunihera tuwhera mo te rawakore, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki o te wahine whakaruru, Tūroro, me te aroha ki te kura noa.

Cathedral i roto i nga tau Soviet me pou-Soviet

I roto i nga tau e whai ake nei i te October Revolution, Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral, tona wāhitau ko: St. Nicholas Square 1/3, pērā maha era atu hahi tāone, kihai i tata, a ka i roto i te wā i 1941 ki te 1999, ara i te mana o te whare karakia. Nga ruma, whakaritea i roto i te pŭpŭ himene, i roto i aua tau i ora ai Leningrad Metropolitan - Alexis (Simansky), muri noho te torona patereareha, a Gregory (Chukov).

I roto i te April 2009, i muri i te Metropolitan Vladimir (Kotlyarov) i anō-whakatapua te hahi o runga, i roto i ona whare maha ka mau hoki i mua, i roto i nei nohoia te wahi motuhake e ngā ata onamata hanga e te kaipeita Kolokol'nikova (o ratou whakahuatia i runga ake), me te te aaka matūriki o maha hunga tapu Siu.

Ka rite ki Nicholas Ihowā te Naval Cathedral (St. Petersburg) i hanga tuatahi rite te takoha ki te toa o te Navy Russian, ka me tenei ra, i kitea tenei iho tona tonu. Ka taea te eke tohu o tenei i roto i te hahi o runga o te whakatū papa ki nga ingoa o pinepine o kaumoana i patua i roto i te rārangi o te hopoi'a. I roto ia ratou, te waka o te waka ruku "Komsomolets" totohu i April 1989 i roto i te Moana Norwegian, me te te waka ruku karihi "Kursk", e mate i roto i 2000. I roto i te whakamaharatanga o te ra e mahi i roto i te mahi hunaraa karakia hoki ia me te mo nga heramana katoa o te Russian Navy, e hoatu ratou ora mo ratou whenua.

Ratonga tū i te Cathedral

I teie mahana, ka Russia i muri i te tekau tau o te ta'e katoa kokiritanga ano ki tona pakiaka wairua, i roto i te tahi atu whare o St Petersburg kua kitea tona wahi tika, a Nicholas-Ihowā te Naval Cathedral. Apiti o Ratonga Atua puritia i roto i reira, whakaatu ana te tini me te momonatanga o tona ora fakalotu.

whakahaeretia e rua ki āna tikanga o ia rā: wawe, i 7:00, a muri, i 10:00. Ia whaki mua, tīmata 15 meneti i mua ki te wa i whakaritea. Ano, i 8:45 me i 12:00 tū inoi, me i 18:00 - te ratonga te ahiahi. Okioki o te wa, ka rite ki hiahiatia, ki tonu i te katoa o hiahiatia.