Nagorno-Karabakh. Ko te hītori, me te mauri o te pakanga

Nagorno-Karabakh i te rohe ki te Tonga Caucasus te huaina, Ko te ture te rohe o Azerbaijan. I te wa o te tiango Soviet reira puta he riri hōia, rite pakiaka Armenian kua te nuinga o noho ora i roto i Nagorno-Karabakh nui. Ko te ngako o te pakanga, ko te e Azerbaijan hanga i runga i tenei rohe ko titauraa tika, engari e nui ake hinaaro ki Armenia te iwi i roto i te rohe. Mei 12, 1994 Azerbaijan, kua whakamanatia Armenia ko Nagorno Karabakh te kawa, he rangaawatea, rite ki te hua arahina ki rangaawatea mutunga i roto i te rohe pakanga.

matua

titau Armenian mātāpuna o ngā kōrero e Artsakh (ingoa tawhito) i whakahuatia tuatahi i roto i te VIII BC rautau Ki te whakapono tatou enei puna, he wahi o Armenia i te wā o te tīmatanga o te anotau Middle te Nagorno-Karabakh. Ka rite ki te hua, ka haere mai Turkey me Iran pakanga o te raupatu i roto i tenei tau o te wahi nui o Armenia i raro i te mana o enei whenua. rangatiratanga Armenian, rangatiratanga ranei, i taua wa kei runga i te rohe o hou-Karabakh, tiaki tūnga āhua-motuhake.

Taku mata o tirohanga, e Azerbaijan i tenei mea. E ai ki kairangahau rohe, Karabakh ko tetahi o nga rohe hītori matamua o te whenua. iritihia kupu i roto i te Azerbaijani "Karabakh" ko e whai ake: "Gara" tikanga pango me te "bug" - he kari. Kua i roto i te rau tau XVI, me ētahi atu kawanatanga ko Karabakh he wahi o te kāwanatanga Safavid, a ka riro te Khanate motuhake.

Nagorno-Karabakh i roto i te wa o te Russian Empire

I te tau 1805 i subordinated te Khanate Karabakh ki te Russian Empire, a i roto i 1813 i te Tiriti o Gulistan i te Russian haere mai me Nagorno-Karabakh. Na, Turkmenchay kawenata me te kawenata mutu i Edirne, hua whakanohonoho o Ararata i Turkey ko Iran, a whakatakoto ratou i roto i nga whenua o Northern Azerbaijan, tae atu Karabakh. Ko te kupu, ko te taupori o enei whenua, ko te take pai Armenian.

Ka rite ki te wahi o te USSR

I roto i te 1918, te mana ki runga i Karabakh ko te hou hanga Democratic Republic o Azerbaijan. Tata te wā kotahi, kerēme ki te Armenian Republic, engari te titau enei ADRs tenei wahi e kore e mohio ki. I roto i te 1921, kua whakaurua te rohe Nagorno-Karabakh ki tika mana motuhake whānui i roto i te Azerbaijan SSR. E rua tau i muri mai, riro ia te mana o Karabakh motuhake Oblast (NKAO).

I te tau 1988, i te Poari o mua o te inoi Nagorny ki nga mana o te lepupilika Azerbaijani SSR ko Armenian SSR me opua nei ki te whakawhiti i te rohe totohe ki Armenia. Tenei tono kihai i whakaaetia, kia ai nga pa o te poipoi Nagorno-Karabakh AO o tautohe. whakahaere hoki whakaaturanga te mana i roto i Armenia.

whakapuakitanga o te mana motuhake

I roto i te ngahuru wawe o 1991, ka timata kē te Soviet Union ki hinga motu ke i roto i te Nagorny Karabakh motuhake Region whāngai te Whakapuakanga, i kauwhautia Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. A i roto i te tua ki Nagorno-Karabakh i roto i tona hanganga ka reira wahi o te rohe o te mua Azerbaijani SSR. E ai ki nga hua o te tāpaetanga, puritia i runga i te 10 Hakihea o te taua tau i roto i Nagorno-Karabakh, neke atu i te 99% o te taupori pōti mō motuhake tonu i Azerbaijan.

Ko reira kitea e kore i nga mana o Azerbaijan mohio tenei tāpaetanga, me te karanga o te mahi tāutuhia iho rite te ture. Ano, faaoti Baku ki te whakakahore i te mana motuhake o Karabakh, i i te reira i roto i nga wa Soviet. Heoi, kua oti tīmata te tukanga haamou.

pakanga Karabakh

Hoki te rangatiratanga o te käwanatanga poutaha tu hōia Armenian nei tamata ki te pato'ii te Azerbaijan. Kua riro Nagorno-Karabakh tautoko i Yerevan kātipa, me te te ka nuku ngā motu i roto i ētahi atu whenua, na whakahaere te faehau ki te paruru i te rohe. Heoi, te whakahaere tonu i te mana Azerbaijani ki te whakatū mana i runga i te maha o ngā wāhi i i whakapuakina tuatahi wahi o NKR.

Ia o nga rōpū whawhai arata'i ana parekura tatauranga i roto i te pakanga Karabakh. Te whakatairite i ēnei raraunga, e nehenehe tatou e faaoti e no te toru tau pupūtanga patua 15-25 miriona iwi. i taua i te iti rawa 25,000 te werohia, i takoha neke atu i te 100 mano o civilians ki te waiho o ratou wahi o te noho.

whakataunga rangimarie

Whiriwhiringa, i roto i nei kua tamata te rōpū ki te whakatau i te pakanga te rangimarie, ka anga tata tonu i muri karangatia motuhake i NKR. Hei tauira, Mahuru 23, 1991 te hui, tae e te mau peresideni o Azerbaijan, Armenia ko Russia ko Kazakhstan. I roto i te puna o 1992, whakapumautia te rōpū OSCE i ki te whakatau i te papā Karabakh.

Ahakoa nga tautooraa pai o te hapori o te ao ki te aukati i te toto, ko te mutu-ahi anake i roto i te puna o 1994. Rima o ra o Mei i te pane o Kyrgyzstan, i hainatia Kawa Bishkek, i muri i te mutunga o te kaiuru ahi i muri i te wiki anake.

kihai i ngā rōpū ki te pakanga i taea ki te whakaae i runga i te mana whakamutunga o Nagorno Karabakh. Azerbaijan titau faatura mo tona mana arii, me te onoono i runga i te tiaki i tona tapatahi rohe. Ko te ngākau nuitanga o te käwanatanga whaiaro-karangatia tiaki Armenia. tu Nagorno Karabakh mō taumira rangimarie o ngā take totohe, mana a te käwanatanga tohu atu e taea ki te tu ake mo tona rangatiratanga te NKR he.