Momo o te manawa i roto i te tangata

Manawa - he tukanga whaiaroaro nui, kahore nei e kore e taea mahi a te tangata. Nā ki te huarahi whakapumautia o te pūtau tukua ki te hāora, me te taea whai wāhi i roto i te pākia e. Ngā momo o te manawa rerekē i runga i te mea uaua, i nga okana whai wāhi i roto i te tukanga.

manawa whaiaroaro

Te kupukupu tonu tahi e tētahi inhalation (hāora kohi) me launoa (tuku hauhā). I roto i te wa poto i reira ko te huinga o ngā tukanga i waenganui ia ratou. Ka taea te wehea ratou ki te wāhanga matua e whai ake nei o te manawa:

• waho (ventilation me te tūringiringi o ngā haurehu i te pūkahukahu);
• waka hāora;
• respiration kiko.

tukupūngao waho whakarato te tukanga e whai ake nei:

1. ventilation - rangi rere i roto i te wahi romahā, te makuku, riro te reira mahana me kaihoroi.
2. utu Gas - e wahi i roto i te wā poto o te paipa o te kupukupu (i waenganui i launoa me te manawa hou). Ko te utu tā te alveoli me tōiti pukapuka. rere toto i roto i te alveoli ki te tōiti, kukū nei ki te hāora, me te horahia puta noa i te tinana. hoki kawea hauhā te i te tōiti ki te alveoli me launoa excreted.

whakatairanga wāhanga respiration tuatahi whakawhiti o te hāora i te alveoli ki te toto, me te haaputuputuraa o te hauhā i te vesicles pūkahukahu mō te tango i muri i te tinana.

Transport me pākia hua whakamutunga

Kawe hau toto he tika ki erythrocytes. kawe ratou hāora ki te kopa o whekau, te wahi timata atu pākia.

Tūringiringi i roto i te kopa āhuatanga e te tukanga o te kiko respiration. Eaha te auraa? E pā ana Erythrocytes ki te hāora whangai ki te kikokiko, me te ka te inu kiko. neke hoki hauhā wā memeha ki te alveoli o te pūkahukahu.

I muri i te inu interstitial tomo te pūtau toto. Whakahaere tukanga matū o te wāwāhi o ngā matūkai. Te piti hāora hua whakamutunga - hauhā - anō-tomo te toto i roto i te puka o te otinga, me te e whakawhitia ki te alveoli o te pūkahukahu.

No mea he aha te momo o te manawa whakamahia te kaiao takitahi puta ko te taua tukanga pūkoro tinana. uaua mahi taea ki a koe te huri i te rōrahi o te pouaka, t. e. ki te mahi inhalation launoa ranei.

Ko te uara o te uaua i roto i te tukanga romahā

hua ngā momo o te manawa i hukihuki o te uaua o ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tuaiwi. whakarato uaua Respiratory he huringa naki i roto i te rōrahi o te kōhao pouaka. Runga anō i ratou mahi, kua wehea ratou ki inspiratory me expiratory.

Ko te whai wāhi i roto i te rangi tuatahi hau. Ko te uaua matua o tenei rōpū ko: te HWM, intercostal waho, interchondral ā. uaua inspiratory Houalotú riro te arawhata, uma (nui, me te iti), sternoclavicular (māhunga). I roto i launoa whai wāhi i te uaua puku , me te intercostal ā.

whakawhetai anake ki te uaua inhalation me launoa o rangi taea: marama faahiti ratou nekehanga. E rua tikanga ka taea mō te huri i rōrahi o te pouaka ki te awhina o uaua hukihuki: te kaupapa o rara HWM ranei, i te mea te momo matua o te kupukupu i roto i te tangata.

manawa rei

I roto i tenei momo o mātātoa whai wāhi i roto i te tukanga anake te wahi o runga o te pūkahukahu. rara te taumau ranei te āhei, ai wehea te momo respiration rei e te rara, me te clavicular. Ko te tino noa, engari e kore e te tikanga pai tenei.

whakamana rara manawa te whakamahi i uaua intercostal e tukua te pouaka ki te whakawhānui ki te rōrahi hiahiatia. I te exhale, kua kōpeke te uaua intercostal ā, ka haere te rangi i roto i. e te tukanga whakawhetai wahi ki te meka e whai nga rara nekeneke me taea ki te kia ngā. Taua manawa tikanga tūturu i roto i te takoto wahine.

Ko noa i roto i te paari manawa Clavicular tika ki te hekenga i roto i te pukapuka mahi, me te noa i roto i ngā tamariki kura tuatahi. I runga i te folo o te āhei ki te pouaka ara, te exhale - iho. Kupukupu ki te awhina o uaua sternoclavicular rawa fakangalingali, atu hangaia mō huringa ata, ka whanganga te whakahā.

Puku (diaphragmatic) manawa

whakaaro momo HWM o manawa te ki kia nui atu oti atu i te pouaka, e tika ana ki te supply pai o te hāora. whai wāhi te tukanga he wahi nui o te rōrahi o te pūkahukahu.

whakahaere te reira i te kaupapa manawa o te HWM. Tenei arai i waenganui i te puku, me te pouaka kōwhao, arā, o te uaua kiko, me te ahei o feunga kaha iti. I roto i inhalation haere reira iho, maka ana te pēhanga ki runga ki te peritoneum. A, no te exhale koe, i runga i te anga ke, e whakatika ake, olungá nga uaua o te puku.

He noa manawa Diaphragmatic i roto i nga tangata, kaitäkaro, kaiwaiata, me ngā tamariki. Ko te kuware Ako manawa puku, i reira e he rota o mahi ki te whakawhanake i te pūkenga e tika ana. He utu ki a reira ako tenei - te reira katoa, engari ko te reira manawa puku taea te tinana ki te whakarato i te hāora e tika ana te kounga mo te maha mōkito o nekehanga.

tupu te reira i e i roto i te kotahi manawa huringa tā te iwi me te rei, me tari puku. Te whakanui koe rara, a ki te tere rere, me te piata. ka karangatia e whakauru (katoa) manawa.

Momo o te manawa i runga i te āhua o te nekehanga romahā rānei

Ko ti'aturi i runga i te rōpū pāngia o uaua e kore anake, engari ano hoki i runga i taua āhuatanga rite te hohonu, auau, wā wā i waenganui i launoa me te manawa hou manawa. Ki te auau, taratahi me te pāpaku pūkahukahu manawa e kore e tino hā. hanga tenei tikanga pai mo te huakita me te huaketo.

rave manawa tonu te, wahi waenganui, me te runga o raro o te pūkahukahu, e taea ki a ratou tino whai mamatanga. Whakamahia te rōrahi whai hua katoa o te pouaka, ka whakahoutia te rangi i roto i te pūkahukahu e i roto i te wā, e kore tuku ki te whakawhānau microorganisms kino. Te tangata mahi manawa tonu, hanga e pā ana ki 14 te whakahā ia meneti. kore tūtohutia neke atu i te 16 te whakahā ia meneti te e mo te ventilation pai.

Mana o te hauora romahā

Manawa - ko te puna matua o te hāora, e te hiahiatia tonu e te tinana mo te ora tonu. toto ventilation kounga whakarato rawaka hāora, whakaongaonga te pūnaha Cardiovascular me te pūkahukahu ratou.

E tano ia tapao diaphragmatic manakohia manawa: he te tino hohonu, me te oti, ko reira fakanatula massages nga whekau o peritoneal me pouaka. tukanga nakunaku ake, te pēhanga o te HWM i roto i launoa whakaihiihi pericardium.

raruraru manawa arahi ki ino o ngā tukanga pūkoro tinana i te taumata pūtau. e kore e tāoke kitea i roto i te wa, te hanga i tētahi taiao pai mo te whanaketanga o mate. Wāhanga o te mahi utu hau whakawhiti ki te kiri, meinga ki te ranei reira me te whanaketanga o mate Dermatological.

momo pathological o manawa

He maha ngā momo o respiration rerekē, e kua wehea ki ngā rōpū i runga i te take o maumaui o ventilation rānei. Ka taea e Dysregulation meinga:

• bradypnea - mahi korekore romahā, mahi te manawanui iti iho i te 12 te whakahā ia meneti;
• tachypnea - pinepine rawa me te manawa pāpaku (neke atu i te 24 te whakahā ia meneti);
• gipernoe - manawa auau, me te hohonu e pā ana ki pūpū kaha, me te whakaongaonga humoral ki tini o nga mate;
• apnea - te mutunga rangitahi o manawa, e tika ana ki te hekenga i roto i excitability o te pokapū romahā i roto i pāpaka roro ranei e tika ana ki te rehunga, he hoki taea hopu romahā pūpū.

manawa Periodic - he tukanga i roto i nei te Ētahi manawa ki apnea. E rua ngā momo o te supply hāora i roto i te tinana, e te hunga kua huaina: Cheyne-Stokes respiration me -mita.

Tuatahi āhuatanga e whakanui ake nekehanga hohonu, āta whakaiti ki apnea 5-10 hēkona tonu. Ko te wāhanga tuarua o te huringa manawa noa, tētahi ki apnea poto. Ko te whanaketanga o te manawa wā whakaoho matua disorders o te pokapū romahā o te roro e tika ana ki te whara mate ranei.

momo Kāpeka o manawa

Tina heke tukanga romahā kino iku arahi ki te mutunga oti o manawa. He maha ngā whakaaro o te mahi mate:

• Kussmaul manawa - hohonu, me te hoihoi, te āhuatanga i roto i te take o te paihana i tāoke, hypoxia, pōroa, mate huka, me te uraemic;
• apneysticheskoe - manawa roa, me te manawa poto, āhuatanga o te whara roro, nui pānga paitini;
• karenga breath-- haki hypoxia hohonu, hypercapnia, te whakahā onge ki apnea 10-20 hēkona i mua i launoa (noa i roto i āhua pathological nui).

E tano ia tapao e taea te whakahokia te whakaora angitu o te mahi romahā o te manawanui ki noa.