Mōhiohio iranga: ira ngoikore, me te tino

He aha te mea he ira?

Gene - he raupapa tautuhi o nucleotides waikawa dezoksiribonuklinovoy i ai te whakawaeheretia ira mōhiohio (mōhiohio mo te hanganga tuatahi o te pūmua rāpoi ngota). Rāpoi ngota pītauira - rua paea. Ia o nga mekameka e he raupapa nucleotide motuhake. Ko te tuatahi hanganga o te pūmua, i te mea te maha, me te raupapa o waikawa amino, whai wāhi whakatakotoria i roto i ngā āhuatanga tuku. Hei whakawaehere mōhiohio tika, me te pānui i ia te wā, me whai he tomokanga codon, whakamutunga codon te ira, me te ite codons tika whakawaehere te raupapa waikawa amino hiahiatia. Codons kėia toru nucleotides karapīpiti e whakawaehere te ngā waikawa amino. Codons UAA, UAG, UGA he kau, me te kore mahi waehere mo tetahi o nga waikawa amino ngā, mutu te ka pānui i te tukanga tukuruatanga. Ko te toe codons (i roto i te nui o 61 nga wahi) whakawaehere waikawa amino.

Tohatoha nga ira tino, me te ngoikore. ira tino - te raupapa o nucleotides e whakarato ana i te faaiteraa o te āhuatanga tino (ahakoa o te aha te huru o ira kei roto i te rua kotahi (uhinga ira ngoikore tino ranei)). Ko te ira ngoikore ko te raupapa nucleotide, ai he taea anake faaiteraa o te āhuatanga tohuāhua i te aroaro o te rua o te ira ngoikore taua.

ka taua mōhiohio anake raraunga iranga e taea te tuku i te whakatupuranga ki whakatupuranga. Heoi, he huinga anake o rerekē ira tei faaiteraa o te huru. Ki te ko te rua ira ngoikore, me te tino, ka puta te reira rawa tohuāhua whakawaeheretia tino. A faaite mai anake ratou mōhiohio i roto i te take o te huinga o rua ira ngoikore. Ko, Kōpeke ngoikore te ira tino.

Hea i reira he ira?

Information e kawe tatou ira mai i to tatou mau tupuna. Ēnei ngā mātua kore anake, engari ano hoki kuí me ētahi atu whanaunga toto. i hanga huinga ira takitahi te i te komititanga o te parāoa me te hua manu, kaua ranei - ka hanumi X me Y pūira e rua X pūira ranei. Mai i te papa e taea kawe mōhiohio ki e rua X me Y pūira, i i tona whaea - anake te pūira X.

Kei te mohiotia te reira e kei te pūira X ētahi atu mōhiohio kia he wahine atu ātete ki mate o te natura rerekē atu i te taupori tane. I roto i te ariā, kia kia rite te maha o tamariki hou me mau tamahine, engari i roto i te mahi, e whanau nga tamariki. Ka rite ki te hua, ki runga ki te pūtake o enei meka e rua, i reira te mea he whärite o nga tane e rua. utua hua Higher o te taupori tane e te ātete teitei ki ngā awe, āhuatanga o te wahine.

engineering ira

I tēnei wā whakahaere matou whānui rangahau o te rauemi ira. Ko te tikanga o te wehe, me te cloning o ira takitahi hybridization. Ko tenei - te taahiraa tino nui i roto i te hanga i te heke mai. Kua whakapataritari taua aro ki tenei take i te rota o te nounou me ngā tūmanako. I muri i te ako taipitopito kia taea ai te taata ki te whakamahere i te āhuatanga me ngā āhuatanga o te whakatupuranga i muri, ki te karo maha mate, me te ki te tupu okana me ratou pūnaha mō te transplantation.