Microsomal piti hāora: he huinga o tauhohe

He uaua te tūranga o te microsomal hāora i roto i te ora o te rauropi ki te pe si◊aki ranei mahue. Inactivation o xenobiotic (matū paitini), te tiango me te hanganga o hormones adrenal wāhi i roto i te pākia o pūmua , me te tiaki o te mōhiohio ā-ira - he whakawhetai anake e faatiti'aifarohia te hautanga iti o ngā raruraru mohiotia ki microsomal piti hāora. Ko te tukanga motuhake i roto i te tinana, rere nei i muri i te patua e te taonga keu, me te mutu ki tona elliminatsiey.

whakamāramatanga

Microsomal piti hāora - he Niniiraa o tauhohe ngā i roto i te wāhanga faafariuraa tuatahi o xenobiotics. Ko te ngako o te tukanga takoto i roto i te hydroxylation o matū ki ngota hāora, me te puka wai. Nā ki te huringa i roto i te hanganga o te rauemi taketake, me ona āhuatanga e taea rānei te tāmia rahi roa'tu, ranei.

e Microsomal hāora koe ki te tauhohenga conjugation. Tenei panoni te rua wāhanga o xenobiotics, te mutunga o i piri tētahi rōpū mahi tīariari te rāpoi ngota whakaputaina i roto i te tinana. I te tahi taime hanganga o matū takawaenga e meinga ate kino pūtau, necrosis me te kiko tupu o matepukupuku.

momo oxidase piti hāora

tauhohe Microsomal piti hāora puta ki waho o te pungaraungao me reira kua pau tata tekau ōrau o te tapeke hāora tomo i te tinana. whākōkī matua i roto i tenei tukanga - oxidase. I roto i to ratou hanganga, he hakari ki honohono, tāupe, pērā i te rino, molybdenum, parahi, me ētahi atu nga ngota whakarewa, a reira e taea ki te whakaae ki irahiko ratou. I roto i te oxidase pūtau kei roto i vesicles motuhake (peroxisomes) kei runga i te kiriuhi punaraungao waho, me te i roto i EPR (kiriuwhi taratara). Tïpako hinga i runga i peroxisome ngaro rāpoi hauwai, e kua piri ki te muingota o te wai ki te hanga i hauwai.

E rima anake oxidases:

- monoaminooksigenaza (Mao) - tauturu ki oxidize Adrenaline me ētahi atu amines biogenic whakaputaina e te repe adrenal;

- diaminooksigenaza (DAO) - whai wāhi i roto i te piti hāora o te histamine (takawaenga o mumura me mate pāwera), polyamines me diamines;

- L-amino waikawa oxidase (arā, rāpoi levorotatory);

- D-amino oxidase waikawa (rāpoi dextrorotatory);

- xanthine - oxidize adenine me guanine (ngā turanga hauota i roto i te rāpoi ngota pītauira).

Ko te uara o te microsomal pitihāoratanga momo oxidase ngā i roto i te whakakorenga o xenobiotics me Tautauā matū kaha biologically. waikuratei Mātauranga he mahi bactericidal me te purenga pūkaha o te tetahi he ko te pānga taha e noho te wahi nui i roto i te tahi atu pānga.

momo oxygenase piti hāora

Kei te tango momo Oxygenase tauhohenga i roto i te pūtau ano wahi i runga i te pūnaha kiriuwhi taratara, me te vneschnih kiriuhi pungaraungao. Me whiwhi tēnei whākōkī motuhake - oxygenase e whakaara te rāpoi ngota hāora i te tïpako, a te whakauru i te reira ki te taonga oxidizable. Ki te whakatinanahia kotahi ngota hāora, te whākōkī monooxygenase i huaina hydroxylase ranei. I roto i te take o te whakauru e rua ngota (i.e., he rāpoi ngota katoa o te hāora), ka karanga te whākōkī te diaksigenaza.

Oxygenase momo piti hāora tauhohenga ngā te matatini multienzyme ternary e whai wāhi i roto i te whakawhitinga o ngā irahiko me ngā iraoho i te tïpako aru e te faaitoitoraa o te hāora. puta ana tēnei tukanga katoa ki te whai wāhitanga o te cytochrome P450, ka tonu nei kia whakaahuatia i roto i te taipitopito atu.

Tauira oxygenase tauhohe momo

Ka rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, monooxygenase hoki te whakamahi pitihāoratanga hāora kotahi anake ngota o te rua e wātea ana. Tuarua, kei te piri ratou ki te rua rāpoi o hauwai ki te hanga i te wai. Kotahi tauira o te tauhohenga taua ko te hanganga o te collagen. hāora kaituku i roto i tenei take mahi rite huaora C. Prolingidroksilaza pahua reira o te hāora muingota me homai reira ki proline, i roto i te tahuri ko e wahi o te rāpoi ngota procollagen. Tenei tukanga homai te kaha, me te elasticity o kiko tūhonohono. A, no te reira te mea he hē o te huaora C, te mate kauti te whakawhanake. faaite te reira i te ngoikore o te kiko tūhonohono, toto, hono laiki, mate o niho, i ko, ko raro te kounga o te collagen i te tinana.

Ko tētahi atu tauira ko te hydroxylase e tahuri cholesterol rāpoi ngota. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga wāhanga o te hanganga o hormones pūtaiaki, tae atu sex.

Ko kore hydroxylase motuhake

Tenei hydrolase tika mo te hāora o matū ke, pērā i xenobiotics. Ko te tikanga o te tauhohenga ko ki te kia taua rauemi atu Nireaha ki te tango, atu wairewa. huaina ana tēnei tukanga ko detoxification, a puta reira te nuinga i roto i te ate.

Mā te whakamahi i te rāpoi ngota katoa o te hāora hua te i roto i te wahi pakaru xenobiotics tauhohe huringa me te whāwehe o te taonga matatini ki te maha ohie me wātea mō ngā tukanga pūkoro tinana.

momo hāora urupare

Hāora ko te taonga pea mōrearea, mai, i roto i te meka, te hāora - he tukanga parariraa. I roto i te puka o te e ₂ rāpoi wai ranei he kainga, me te matū e mangere, no te mea kei te ki tonu tona taumata mana, me te kore e taea e irahiko hou uru atu. Heoi, pūhui i nei te hāora kore te i te katoa i reira ko te rua o irahiko i te tauhohenga tiketike. Na reira e huaina ratou kaha.

pūhui hāora taua:

1. I roto i te tauhohe monooksidnyh whakaputaina superoxide wehea nei i te P450 cytochrome.
2. Ko te tauhohe oxidase ko te hanganga o te anion hauwai (hauwai).
3. I roto i te re-oxygenation o te kopa, te ngohengohe e ischemia.

Ko te oxidizer tino kaha ko te tuwhena hydroxyl, te vai te reira i roto i te puka noa te milioniraa noa o te tuarua, engari i roto i taua wa wa ki te haere i roto i te maha o ngā tauhohenga piti hāora i. Ko tōna āhuatanga Ko e pā te tuwhena hydroxyl te taonga anake i te wahi i roto i nei i hanga te, rite kore e taea e te reira ô i te papanga.

anion Superoxide me te hauwai waikuratei

He mātātoa enei matū i roto i te rohe o te mātauranga e kore anake, engari ano hoki i etahi tawhiti i a ratou, ia ratou e taea tomo i roto i te membrane pūtau.

rōpū Hydroxyl ai te hāora o te toenga waikawa amino: histidine, cysteine me te tryptophan. arata'i tenei ki te inactivation o nga pūnaha pūmua whākōkī, me te te tauwhatinga o te pūmua waka. I tua atu, microsomal hāora o waikawa amino arata'i ki te whakangaromanga o te hanganga o te turanga nitrogenous karihi, me te, no reira, mamae te taputapu iranga o te pūtau. Na oxidized waikawa ngakongako e hanga ake paparanga nga kiriuhi pūtau bilipidnogo. pānga tenei ratou uruhanga, kawehiko mahi membrane papu me te wāhi o te receptor.

Inhibitors o microsomal pitihāoratanga - he antioxidants. E kitea ratou i roto i ngā kai, me te e hua i roto i te tinana. Ko te antioxidant tino pai-mohiotia ko e taea huaora E. ēnei matū tautāwhi i microsomal piti hāora. whakaahua ana Biochemistry te pāhekoheko i waenganui ia ratou i runga i te pūtake o te urupare. Ko, te atu oxidases, te atu e tāmia ratou, a hurihia. E āwhina ana tēnei ki te mau tonu i te toenga i waenganui i nga pūnaha me te tamau o te taiao ā-.

mekameka waka hiko

e kore he wairewa i te cytoplasm o nga wae pūnaha Microsomal piti hāora kia e kohia katoa o ona whākōkī i runga i te mata o te kiriuwhi. Tenei pūnaha ngā maha ngā pūmua, e hanga i te ara iahiko electrotransport:

- NADPH-P450 reductase me cytochrome P450;

- OVER-tsitohromV5 reductase me cytochrome B5;

- steatorrhea-ropu mai desaturase.

Ko te kaituku irahiko i roto i te nuinga o te wā te mahi o NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Phosphate). oxidizes te reira i NADPH-P450 reductase, e Kei roto e rua coenzyme (FAD me FMN), mo te tango irahiko. I te mutunga o te mekameka oxidized FMN te whakamahi i P450.

P450 cytochrome

Tenei whākōkī o te piti hāora microsomal o te pūmua heme-kei roto. herea te reira i te hāora, me te tïpako (te tikanga he xenobiotic). Ko tōna ingoa e pā ana te ki te absorption o te marama ki te roangaru o 450 nm. Kua kitea koiora reira i roto i kaiao ora katoa. I te kau, whakaahuatia neke atu i tekau ma tahi mano pūmua no ki te pūnaha cytochrome P450. I roto i te huakita, rewa te taonga i roto i te cytoplasm, a kua whakapono ai e tenei puka ko te tino evolutionarily tawhito atu i taua o te tangata. cytochrome tatou P450 - he pūmua pikitia whakaritea i runga i te membrane cytoplasmic.

E whai wāhi ana te whākōkī o tenei rōpū i roto i te pākia o steroids me waikawa ate ngako, phenols, neutralizing taero, paihana taero ranei.

Ko te āhuatanga o te microsomal piti hāora

Ko te tukanga o te microsomal piti hāora i te pū tïpako whanui, me tenei, i roto i tahuri, ka taea ki te kitea te whānuitanga o ngā matū. Ka taea te takai kotahi tekau ma tahi mano pūmua P450 cytochrome i roto i neke atu i te kotahi rau me te rima tekau isoforms o te pūmua whākōkī. Ia o ratou he maha nui o substrates kua. Tenei ka taea te tinana ki te pehea o tata katoa o ngā matū kino e kua hanga e roto ranei hinga waho. Te whakaputa i roto i te whākōkī piti hāora ate microsomal kia mahi e rua rohe me i te tawhiti nui i te tinana.

Ko te ture o te mahi o te microsomal piti hāora

whakaritea Microsomal hāora i roto i te ate te i te taumata mRNA, engari tona mahi - te tuhi. rerekē katoa o cytochrome P450, hei tauira, tuhia i runga i te rāpoi ngota pītauira, a ki puta ki runga ki ESR tika ki "tuhituhi anō" te mōhiohio i te DNA ki karere RNA. Na ka whakahaua mRNA te ki ribosome te wahi e hanga e rāpoi ngota pūmua. whakaritea te tokomaha o enei rāpoi te i te waho, me te he ti'aturi i runga i te nui o ngā matū e me taupāhohea, me te wātea o ngā waikawa amino faufaa.

I tēnei wā, neke atu i te rua rau e rima tekau-whakaahuatia pūhui matū e whakahohe i te piti hāora microsomal tinana. Ēnei ngā barbiturates, waiwaro kakara, waiwaihā, ketones me hormones. Ahakoa tenei kanorau kitea, he lipophilic (wairewa i roto i te ngako), a na reira i haria ki te cytochrome P450 enei matū katoa.