Me pēhea te ki te mahara te wa tuatahi i kite i: tikanga tōtika me tūtohutanga

I oti ahau te tai'oraa i te kōwae - hawhe i roto o toku matenga ... Familiar? Ko te raruraru fehangahangai e tata katoa tauira me ngā ākonga tenei. Ko te take i kore te te roro tangata programmed ki te rű, a te nuinga o roto i te pukapuka te mea kua oti te tuhituhi te mohio a te tikanga, te reira rite haruru - mōhiohio huakore, e kore e penapena i roto i te mahara. Otiia, ki te matau ana koutou ki te mahi i enei tikanga, ka taea e koe te ako e founga ki te whakahaere i te tukanga, me te mārama me pēhea te ki te tamau aau te pānui i te wā tuatahi.

Pūtaiao mahara

I mua taka tetahi mōhiohio i runga i to tatou "puku mārō", haere te reira i te ara matatini me te waiho i raro ki te tukatuka taumata-maha. Ko te tuatahi o enei huarahi ako, ka whakaahuatia te pūtaiao Tiamana Hermann Ebbinghaus. tāutuhia e ia 4 tukanga mahara taketake: aauraa, tiaki, te whakaputa uri me te haamo'eraa.

Me pēhea te pai ki te mahara ki te pānui i? I roto i tenei take, i te faufaa matua ko te wāhanga tuatahi e rua. Na reira, he mea utu ui ratou i roto i te kōrero atu.

Rokiroki - he imprinting tumu e pāngia nga rongo. I roto i tenei take puritia etahi wa i roto i te uho kaka he wahi o te excitation piri e te ngātere hiko. Mämä noa iho, nga mea katoa e kite tatou, whakarongo me te ite, mahue tohu tinana i roto i to tatou roro.

He rerekē e taea tupu tenei. I roto i te kōhungahunga whakahohetia te tamaiti tukanga aauraa tumu. Katoa rokiroki tatou taime, me ngā meka kihai i e tamata ki te mahara: he haere i roto i te papa 5 tau, te rā tuatahi, ngā whakaahua i te kiriata tino ... He āhuatanga ngā ko e kore nga mea katoa tatou mahara ōrite pai. He aha te take e memeha?

Te reira i katoa tei runga i te kaha o ngātere hiko, na te pai mahara tatou anake etahi momo o ngā mōhiohio:

• he aha te mea faufaa roa (mamae, ka hoatu e tou ringa ki te ahi);
• rerekē, ngā karakara me whakapakoko (kākahu kanapa i te kaiwhakaari taiopenga);
• Information e pā ana e te ki to tatou ngākau nuitanga me ngā hiahia (he tohutao o ngā rīhi reka);
• tino mōhiotanga e tika ana mo to tatou mahi, me te whakatutuki i te whāinga (nga whakautu tika o te whakamātautau).

90% o te āhua o te pai etahi kōrero tuhia i roto i te mahara tei runga i to tatou perception. Ko te tā tuatahi te mea i meinga kare kaha (e rua pai, me te kino) te moni ranei.

I tua atu, i reira he he aauraa āta - tika e te tukanga i ai tatou tamata aau ki "tahu" etahi ngā mōhiohio pēnei i te rā o te pukapuka hītori ranei he tau waea nui.

Whakaorangia - tenei tukanga maimoatanga, tahuri me te pupuri mōhiohio hou i roto i etahi rohe o te roro.

Tuatahi, taka raraunga katoa ki te mahara "Pūreirei". Tenei te rongoa te rauemi mo te wa poto i roto i tona ahua taketake. Ko tukatuka te mōhiohio wāhanga i muri te, kua pā ana ki te mohiotia kua, māmā me haere ki te mahara wā roa-. Ko te uaua tino ki te karo i distortions ārai te roro ki te tāpiri meka kore te whiwhi ranei "maka atu" i te taime matua. E matau ana tenei katoa, he mea nui māmā ki te mārama me pēhea ki te tamau aau te pānui i te wā tuatahi.

Hoatu whāinga mārama

Ahakoa, ki te rawa āta me feruri tai'o koutou, perelistnuv whārangi, ka whakauaua kia taea ki te faati'a faahou i te taipitopito e pā ana ki te mea i tika ako koe.

I roto i te kaimātai hinengaro Yugoslav XIX rautau whakahaeretia P. Radossavlevich he whakamātau ngā. Ko te wero i fehangahangai te whakamātautau ngā i roto i te tamau aau ōna wāhanga tito noa. Ko te tikanga i hiahiatia e rave rahi Whitiauau mo tenei. Na ka kua puta ke te whāinga - inaianei tika e hiahiatia ana ki te pānui i te tuhituhi. hanga te whakamātautau te rite te nui rite 46 (!) Times, engari ka ui te experimenter ki faahiti te tau i te ngakau, e kore ai e meatia e ia i te reira. Otiia, i te taenga kitenga ahau e ia ratou ki te ako - ka mau te reira 6 anake nga wa karapahia nga ōna wāhanga ki te faati'a faahou tika ratou. He aha te tikanga o tenei?

Ki te mārama me pēhea te ki te pānui i, ki te pānui i te pūrere mahara, he mea e tika ana ki te whakaturia te whāinga mārama - ki te mahara te rauemi.

Here, rawa, he ona ake tinihanga. kia wehewehea te whāinga matua ki ngā mahi atu motuhake. Mämä noa iho, whiriwhiri koe te mea ki te arotahi ki runga i. I roto i te take kotahi, tohatoha meka nui taketake i roto i te tahi atu - ratou raupapa, me te tuatoru - mahara te kupu kuputuhi mō te kupu. Na ka te pānui kua te roro tīmata ratou "matau" ki te āwhina mahara te mōhiohio e hiahia ana koe.

Waihanga i tētahi taiao e māhorahora ana

Na haere tonu tatou ki te matapaki me pehea ki te tamau aau kuputuhi pānui i runga i te piro tuatahi. Ko te tuatahi ko te ki te titiro a tawhio noa i roto i te rapu o "nanamu". I roto i te akomanga e ngangau aro waka tūmatanui ranei kua marara, a ētahi wā e kore e koutou ara ite e te mea i roto i te pukapuka i tuhituhia.

I roto i te tikanga ki te tino te rumaki ratou i roto i te tukanga, he mea tika ki te noho i roto i te ruma ata ranei kitea he vahi mo'emo'e wahi i roto i te whenua - te wahi e whai koe kahore mau faaoaoaraa.

Whai wāhi pai i roto i te ata, ka ko tonu te upoko rite ma rite taea, ka riro nui atu hohoro te mōhiohio hou te.

A aparau ki o koutou hoa

Ahakoa kore tokomaha e rite paraphrases i runga i ngā akomanga tuhinga kura, ko reira - tetahi o nga ara whai hua te nuinga o te āhua o pai ki te mahara te pānui. Ka rite ki te tangi koe i roto i te te mea tata lau, whakamahia e te roro e rua takere i kotahi te haamana'oraa me te tārua i - ataata me te māna (rongo).

Ahakoa pai, ki te e reira e kimi koe, rite ki te tautoko i te kōrero. I roto i te aparauraa o te meka matua me tohenga rite "e peia" i roto i te mahara o te noho i reira mo tetahi wa roa. I roto i te tahi mau whenua, karapu he i aroha noa o te pānui i kohikohi ïa kaiuru i roto i te tikanga ki te whakawhiti kōrero mō Lau me faaite wheako.

Ako pehea ki te pānui i

Ki te hiahia koe ki te mohio me pehea ki te ako ki te tamau aau te pānui i te wa tuatahi, te tuatahi o te katoa e hiahia ana ki te mahi i runga i te tikanga o te pānui. Kaua e wareware e te tūranga nui i roto i te haamana'oraa i te mahara ataata: koe hinengaro whārangi "whakaahua", ko te mea e kore koutou e taea e mahara te tahi mea - e hiahia ana matou anake whakamōhio reira, me ngā mōhiohio e tika ana ake pops ake i roto i toku matenga. Otiia me pehea ki te whakatutuki i tenei?

1. Kaua e tīmata tonu taa i te auraa o ia kupu, me te ngana ki te taupoki ana i te tirohanga whārangi katoa.
2. Whakanuia te tere o te pānui. Kei te whakamatauria te reira e te tere kei te ako i te tangata te kuputuhi, te pai ki te ngaungau i te mōhiohio. Whakamātauria ki te whakawhānui i te rohe i roto i te arotahi ki te "kapo" titiro kahore tetahi, engari i te iti rawa 2-3 kupu. Ka taea hoki te haina ake mo te tere akoranga pānui wahi e ako koe ki te pānui i hauroki.
3. A, no te pānui i raruraru ka ngaro etahi kongakonga, i roto i tetahi take, e kore e hoki ki a ia i haere mai ki te pānui i. Taua "hūpeke" pokanoa rauemi perception wāhi. Hei mahino pai te kōwae ki te mutunga, a ka kite i ano tino.
4. Unlearning te peu o hinengaro kiia te rerenga neke ana ngutu ranei. No te mea o peu enei tamariki a, e kore e taea e te roro aro i runga i te kuputuhi, ka noho wahi o nga rauemi ki te tautoko i to koutou "Tukuoro ā-".

I roto i te haora tuatahi 3-4 ko reira rerekē, me te uaua. Ko kua hanga i mua ia koutou, ka whakanui i te tere e kore anake o pānui, engari ano hoki te nui o te kōrero e ka mahara koutou i te wa tuatahi.

tuhituhi tuhipoka

Ko tētahi atu kōwhiringa Ko ki te mahara tawhito i te tuatahi. Ki te kore e koe tika peke a tawhio i te kuputuhi, engari ki te mahi i roto i te rauemi, me te i te iti rawa tongi iho nga ngā matua i runga i muri i tenei tūtohu ngāwari ki te haamana'o i te mōhiohio e hiahia ana koe.

Heoi, he mea nui ki te mohio te mea me pehea ki te tango i ngā kōrero, no te mea kahore he tetahi pūnaha koutou tika kia titi i roto i te puranga o meka fakakonga. Tenei ko te torutoru tikanga e taea e koe te whakamahi i:

• Whakarōpū. kua pakaru te rauemi katoa ki nga whatiwhatinga iti, e e ka ngā rite ki te tahi mau paearu (kaupapa, wā wa, rōpū, me te pera i runga i. D.).
• Mahere. Hoki ia wāhanga o te kuputuhi (kōwae, pene, wāhanga wāhanga ranei) he tuhipoka poto, e mahi rite ngā o te tautoko me te āwhina i ki whakahoki te tirotiro katoa. Ka taea e te hōputu hei tetahi: karere matua, taitara, tauira ranei pātai ki te kuputuhi.
• Classification. e te reira i te ahua o ngā hoahoa tepu ranei. āhei te reira ki te tuwha ngā taonga tītohunga o ngā ariā e hāngai ana i runga i ngā āhuatanga noa o ngā rōpū, me ngā akomanga ranei.
• Schematization. E whakaaturia Mā te kuputuhi poraka, pere me tau hononga ohie i waenganui i ngā taonga, ngā tukanga me ngā kaupapa.
• Association. e pā ana ia tūemi o te mahere tuhituhinga ranei kei ki te mua, mahino ranei tika he ara fakangalongata'a, e āwhina ki te "kia ora" i roto i te mahara o te toenga.

I te wa ano, tamata kore ki te tiki wāhi. Kia mahara, e kore te mea he whakarāpopototanga tonu tenei, me nga tohu iti, e ka whakatika te whakaaro i roto i te aronga tika.

5 pai tikanga aauraa hohe

Na inaianei mo te nuinga o "reka" me te korero e pā ana ki te pehea, ki te mahara te koroheke te wa tuatahi, ara kahore whakangungu. Mahalo kua kitea koe ki te ariā o mnemonics - he momo o ngā rautaki e tauturu i te ngaungau i te rota o te mōhiohio i roto i te wa poto.

1. Kitenga

A, no te tai'oraa e hiahia ana koe rite mārama rite taea ki te whakaaro i te ngā katoa me ari whakaahuatia i roto i te kuputuhi. Ko te whakapakoko atu "ora" me aronganui ko, te pai.

2. Creative Association

e matau ana torutoru iwi, engari ki te whakaaroa ratou - he toi. E 5 "koura" ture, e me piri ki ngāwari ki te mahara tetahi mōhiohio:

• Kaua e whakaaro. Whakamahia te whakapakoko tuatahi i haere mai ki te ngakau.
• kia whai i te wāhanga kaha aronganui Associations.
• A feruri na koe i te pūāhua matua (hei tauira, ki te takoto he rēmana i runga i te tepu - ngana ki "kai" te reira).
• Tāpiri absurdity.
• E whiwhi i te "pikitia" wawau.

Pehea e mahi i te reira? Kia mea a e ako koe i te aronga o te peita, me te hiahia ki te mahara he aha te pointillism. I roto i te poto: tenei ahua tetahi o neo-Impressionism i reira ngā te pikitia o te plurality o ngā kanapa o te puka tika (kaiwhakarewa - Pierre Georges te pūngāwhā). He aha te momo o te rōpū ka taea e koe te whakaaro o? A feruri na i te hītekiteki, pania Pointe te i roto i te peita me te awhiowhio i roto i te kanikani, ka mahue te scene o te pikitia o ngā ira maha-tae. neke ia ki runga ki a kino ia aitua oko waewae o whanariki kōwhai, e taka ki te nui te pakaru. Na to tatou feohi: hu Pointe ki wahi kanapa - pointillism, he ipu ki te hina - Georges-Pierre Seurat.

3. Ko te tikanga o te tāruarua I. A. Korsakova

hāngai ana tēnei tikanga i runga i te meka e he wahi nui o te mōhiohio wareware tatou tata tonu. Heoi, ki te korerotia te rauemi te wā, kei te pūmau te reira i roto i te mahara. He aha e hiahia ana koe ki te mahara?

1. Me tukurua mōhiohio New i roto i te 20 hēkona i muri i tona perception (i roto i te take o te kongakonga nui o te kuputuhi - ki runga ki te meneti).
2. I roto i te haapii ra tuatahi rauemi wa e rave rahi i roto i te 15-20 meneti, ka - i muri i 8-9 haora, me te hopea i muri i te 24 haora.
3. Kia mahara ki te pānui i mo te wa roa, me faahiti koe te kuputuhi i te wa torutoru i roto i te wiki - i runga i te 4 th me 7 th ra.

Ko te tino māmā te tikanga, engari i te wa ano mīharo whai hua. tāruarua auau homai te roro ki te matau, e kore te mea te reira noa te mōhiohio haruru me te raraunga nui e te hunga tonu i roto i te whakamahi.

4. Ko te tikanga o Cicero

He tikanga pai mo te hunga e hiahia ana ki te mohio me pehea ki te rokiroki i ngā mōhiohio i kite i roto i te pukapuka. Ko te tino ohie te raina raro. whiriwhiri koe i te ahua o "turanga" - hei tauira, te āhuatanga o tou fare. A haamana'o pehea ki te timata i tou ata, he aha me i te mea raupapa mahi koe. I muri i tenei, ko ia mahi e tika ana ki "here" he wahi etahi o te kuputuhi - ano, ki te awhina o hononga. Na ka mahara koe i te taonga e kore e anake, engari ano hoki i te raupapa o te whakaaturanga o te mōhiohio.

Akuanei pea wāhanga i runga i te hītori ako, ka taea e koe hinengaro "utu" he scene whawhai i runga i te tepu ro'i te "unga" hokai Columbus te wāhi kaukau ranei.

5. Ko te tikanga o pictograms

Whakapaia te pepa pātea, me te pene. Matau i roto i te tukanga pānui Me ki te tohu hinengaro nga kupu matua me ngā. Tō mahi - ki te haere ake ki mo ia he iti whakairoiro-he icon e fakamanatu koe o te mea i kōrero. Kahore he take ki te mahi i te schematic ranei, hei kōrero, pikitia āmiki rawa, te kore e kore e taea ki te arotahi ki runga i te kuputuhi me te tikanga mahara. A, no te tae koe i te mutunga o te kōwae, he pene ranei, tamata titiro anake i nga ata, e pānui i kuputuhi puaki anake.