Maria Cantemir: haurongo, te utuafare. aroha whakamutunga o Pita te nui

Te tamahine a Maria Moldovan Prince Cantemir - te tino hou o Pita I. tīmata kē ratou romance i roto i te ora mutunga te kingi Russian tuatahi. I uaua te reira e te whanoke whare me te faaipoiporaa ki Catherine I. Pita Meri ka hapu i te kingi, engari whanau te tamaiti i hohoro mate. ora Rangatira tangata mārō mō te 32 tau.

whānau

whanau Maria Cantemir i roto i 1700 i roto i te hapu o te rangatira Mōtāwhiana Dmitriya Konstantinovicha Kantemira. pau ia i roto i Istanbul, tamarikitanga i reira tona papa, he noho matua. I roto i te 1711 oati Dmitry rangatira ki te Russian mua. Pita ka tīmata ahau i te pakanga Prut, te whakaaro ki te whakapakari i te Moana Black, me te haaparuparu i te ariki nui Turkish, ko tona pononga ko ia i te aroaro o Cantemir. rahua Kua te pakanga hōia. I ahau Pita ki haina i te tiriti rongo mau kino, me tona defector Moldovan ki te noho i roto i Russia (ka karanga a Pita ki "whaitake me te i roto i te kaha o te Kaunihera").

I muri mai i te hi'oraa o tona papa Maria Cantemir, ki pakiaka Romanian, riro ia he mātauranga Kariki. mohio ia Latin me reo Italian, tātai arorangi, pāngarau taketake, kōrero, rapunga whakaaro me te hītori. Pānui i roto i Ancient tuhinga tawhito Kariki kua whakatuwheratia hoki ia. ko ia aroha o te tuhi, me te waiata.

Moving i Russia

I roto i te 1711, oho Maria Cantemir whānau ki Kharkov, a ko i Moscow i 1713. I tua atu, ka whakaaetia tona papa i whenua nui i roto i Sevsk, me nga taumata Kursk. Place rite te noho whānau tūturu ko te kainga e tata ana Moscow ki te ingoa faahiahia o Dirt Black. I tū te reira i runga i te ara i arahina ki te whakapaipai hou o St Petersburg. Mua no reira ki te whenua o Prince Vasily Golitsyn - he tino rangatira Sophia.

Kantemir Mariya Dmitrievna moe i roto i te whare rakau, i hanga i roto i te kāhua Russian tawhito. Floor, ki te piki tuanui, ko reira rawa rerekē i te hoahoanga tuku iho o te tamaiti. Meri noa i ki te ite i te ao hou. ka anga Russian ki whakaako ia ki te pānui me te tuhituhi kaituhi pai-mohiotia me translator Ivan Ilyinsky. puta te aroha o te tai'oraa Meri hoki whakawhetai ki te whaea Cassandra, koha he rota o mau huru pai. Ko ia nei i te kawenga mō te mātauranga o te tamariki i roto i aua wā, no te kore e taea e nga tama a te papa. Kua a Maria te tuahine me te wha teina kapakara: Matthew Constantine, Sergey ko Anatioka (a ratou tetahi ki tetahi e pā ana ki te rangi).

kaiako Istanbul

Ko tētahi atu kaiako e tākiekina te whakarau o te wahine whakamutunga Petra Velikogo, puta Anastasius Kondoidi. Ko tenei tangata he tohunga Kariki me hono tona ora ki te whānau Cantemirs hoki i roto i te wa, ka ia e noho ana i roto i Istanbul. I roto i te whakapaipai Turkish o te tsar Russian, rite tūmanakohia, kua reira whatunga tirohia, āta conspiratorial. noho Anastasios Kondoidi he tūranga nui i roto i nga āpiha ngaro Moscow. haere tona mōhiohio ia i roto i te takawaenga Petra Tolstogo. Ki te Tatau katoa-kaha e mau tonu Kantemir Mariya Dmitrievna te hononga kua i roto i te pane.

Ka rite ki hoki Kondoidi, ko reira ia te tangata e whakaurua tona paroita ki te ahurea Italian (pau te tohunga he rota o te wā i roto i te kūrae Apennine). Kua meinga e tutei Anastasia māharahara i roto i Istanbul, a ka i ia ki te rere i te Ottoman Empire. I toe fakataha ia ki a Cantemir i muri i to ratou taenga ki roto ki Russia, me i roto i te tau tawhito i te ingoa o Athanasius ka he moke.

Life i roto i Moscow

Tonu ka mate whaea rawa taitamariki Maria Cantemir Cassandra i 1713 i tau 32. Whakaraua pikaunga ki a ia, me te whakamātautau e pā ana ki te nekehanga me kua turakina puranga te hauora pakarukaru. noho nga tamariki i roto i te tiaki o te papa. hoatu e ia ki a ratou te wa katoa, tae noa i neke te reira Cantemirs i Petersburg. Ko tona take te pūtahitanga o Dmitry Konstantinovich, ko Pita.

I roto i 1717 tae te kingi i roto i Moscow, i reira noho ai ia mo 2.5 marama. Ko reira tetahi o nga wā uaua tino i roto i te ora o te tangata mārō. I runga i te eve o te rohe rere i tona tama Alex. Na tamata te rangatira ki te hoki ki to ratou Kaute whenua Tolstoy, ko Pita i roto i te huru kino i roto i Moscow. I te timatanga o 1718, i aru e te liaki ōkawa o te torona Alexei. ka mau hui o fakamasiva o te tika ki te torona wahi i roto i te Cathedral o te whakaaro. Na ka timata a Pita, ka Dmitry Kantemir ki te kōrero nui neke atu i te aroaro o. timata rangatira Moldovan mua ki auau te kingi. Kia aroha mai, kua noho te kaupapa o ratou wahi whakahaere i te wa, me he mea ngaro.

Taunga ki te kingi

Hoki i te wa tuatahi i kite Maria Cantemir Pita ahau i roto i 1711 i roto i te pakanga Prut, ka ia ko tana wahine Catherine tae mai te whakapaipai Moldovan o Iasi. tū ia rātau Whaiaro i roto i 1717-mita i roto i te whare tapa o tona papa. 1 Pita, mahi ki take ratou utuafare (e hoki Tsarevich Alexei mate i roto i te whare herehere), a whakakahoretia o maha o ana rangatira tata, nei whakapae ia o he i. Na ko te kingi i roto i te hiahia o te iwi hou. Tenei meka whakamārama tona wero Dmitriya Kantemira i St Petersburg.

Whakawa e pehea i puhoi ki te neke i te rangatira Mōtāwhiana, i kore e hiahia ana ia ki te waiho Moscow. Otiia, e kore i taea e whakakahore ia te kingi e wehingia ana. A, no te whakaturia e ia te whakapaipai ka mau ia ki a ia, me nga tamariki, tae atu i te pi Meri. whakamanuhiritia Petersburg te manuhiri tuatahi i roto i Moscow e pā ana ki te pāpori nui. hinga rangatira nui-tau 57-tawhito i roto i te aroha ki ataahua kingi Anastasiyu Trubetskuyu, nei marenatia e ia hohoro. I muri i tenei tahuri ohorere o Princess Maria Cantemir takoha ki te poroporoaki ki te mana o mua o te ora kati.

I roto i te pane,

Petersburg teitei peu marama ora rite kingi. kihai i taea e 1 Pita te tu i te patriarchy Moscow, a ka hanga he noho whakapaipai hou o tikanga Western. Hoki Meri, i whanau nei i roto i Moldova, i ara ake rerekē taua whakahau. manauhea hoatu ia ake tana ritenga kakahu rāwhiti , ka hoatu ki runga ki nga kakahu Pākehā huatau i roto i Petersburg.

Dmitry Kantemir ki tana wahine taitamariki me te tamahine matamua ko he āheinga auau i whakanui a te kingi. aroha a Pita ki te whakarite i hahi, Skating me kanikani. Ngā i nui nga hararei i roto i te hotoke 1721-1722 gg., Haere i muri i te wikitoria Russian runga Sweden i roto i te Pakanga Northern. I mua a Pita ki runga ki te tekau tau e rua kua pahure, i tonu ia i runga i te ara ranei i roto i te ope. noho ia i runga i te hōtaka taehae me tika ka ki te mahi i roto i to ratou whenua. Na te reira i te wiki o whakanui tuatahi. tahuri ratou ki waho ki te hei i te apotheosis o i roa e rave rahi ra poupou pakoko harakoa. Maria Cantemir ko Pita tuatahi tutaki e rave rahi mau taime i roto i tenei hakari kore-mutu. I tua atu, i kite ratou tahi i te tahi no te mea o te mahi tahi o te kingi, me te Piriniha Dmitry.

kākārepe

Atu i herea ratou ki tetahi ki tetahi Maria Cantemir ko Pita? Tuatahi o te katoa Moldovan Princess i rawa mātauranga, a rawa i nga paerewa o mau, me te rongonui wahine Russian o taua wa. Kei te mohiotia te reira e kua Pita he mōhiotanga, whanui, me te pākiki. ko aroha o te pūtaiao, me te tonu pa mo te tahi mea hou ia. I tua atu, i rerekē i te wahine a tawhio noa te meka e he maha manene, a tino Kariki roto reira Meri. I runga i te waho o te kōtiro tata tetahi mea mohiotia te. i pania ona whakaahua hītori murimatetia me he i to'utangata mōhiohio fakakonga.

Te kotiro hohoro i ngohengohe ki te ātahu o Pita. Na, papa Maria Cantemir o i haere ki te whakaputa i tetahi kotiro faaipoipo. ui ona ringa Prince Ivan Dolgoruky. hoatu Dmitry K. tona whakaae, engari Maria, e kua i te take ki te Emepara, i pai ki te tane. Me kï reira e noho ana te kingi i roto i te faaipoiporaa. I ia te wahine - te I. heke mai Empress Catherine kihai i reira noa te wahine o te emepera. Catherine noho te hoa wā roa-o te tangata mārō. tahi wahine ia i runga i pakanga, me te kore he whakamā o fetu'utaki mo e kakaí. Whakakapia kihai i mea ohie.

hapūtanga

I roto i te 1722 i tuhituhi Dmitry Kantemir he reta taipitopito ki te kuini, i roto i nei faataa ia, i ia e mohio e pā ana ki te tamahine o te tangata mārō. Heoi, ngā kaituhi me hītori whakaae i roto i te whakaaro, i te rangatira e takoto ana. He takawaenga i waenganui i a ia ko Catherine ko te taua Kaute Pyotr Tolstoy, mohiotia hoki tona patipati. tumanako te rangatira o mua hao e iku e riro i te aroha Emperor Petra Velikogo tana wahine, ko Cantemir Romanovs ka whakakotahi i roto i te faaipoiporaa dynastic.

Plans Dmitry Konstantinovich ofi ki te whakatinanatanga, i te mea kua ako ai e he hapu Meri. Na, he ngenge o te ora haukāinga, me whakaturia e pā ana ki te whakahaere i te pakanga i roto i Pahia Pita. Haere te rawhiti, ka mau a reira ia me tona tamahine Dmitry rite huinga. Cantemir hiahiatia he kingi ki te karanga ki te reo Turkish mo nga tangata o rohe rohe ki Pahia.

tuku i momoho

tīmata te ope i Pahia i Astrakhan i Hōngongoi 1722. Pita i te marama torutoru titi i roto i te pakanga hou. I te mea kahore i reira, noho i roto i Astrakhan Meri,, ka hoatu e whanau. tukua ia te tamaiti, engari ka tahuri atu te tamaiti ki te kia taimi halá, me te hohoro mate. I muri te matenga o te tamaiti mahere Dmitriya Kantemira o te faaipoiporaa a Pita ki rerere tana tamahine. Ano, i roto i te pakanga i roto i Pahia Prince i tino mate. Ko tonu ia tabes (i te mate taua mate te tuahine a Meri kapakara).

kihai i maia Cantemir roa te wā ki te waiho i te Astrakhan. I te pae hopea, e whakau ana te reira i te ara hotoke kaha. I te tuatahi i whakamahere te whānau ki te tiki ki Moscow, engari i runga i te huarahi ka tahuri ki te whenua i roto i hou Dmitrovka Orel. He ka ara kino Dmitriyu Konstantinovichu. ka mate papa o Meri i runga i Mahuru 1, 1723.

mate o Pita

riro Princess Maria Cantemir, tona haurongo ko te tauira angamaheni o te rangatira paopao, tona kainga, engari i mau i whakarerea i te iari. I roto i tenei tūranga, i mahi ia i roto i mau ohipa utuafare. mahue te kotiro teina te wha o muri me te tuahine iti rawa i te marena tuarua o tona papa.

ke tino te āhuatanga i roto i te ngahuru o 1724. ka anga Catherine he take ki te kāmera-tauira Villim Mons. I tenei whakaaro, ka mohiotia ai ki te kingi. i whakamataku i roto i te riri e ahau Pita. mahi ana ia Mons, engari kihai i mahi ki toku wahine, e kore te mea roa nei i te aroaro o I karaunatia ia, ka meinga tona kainga ki te torona. Heoi, i ngaro to ratou hononga. Na ka hanga ano a Pita hoa ki Maria Cantemir. Heoi, me tenei wa kōrero tino me o te kingi i kore faataahia ki tonu. I te timatanga o 1725 tangata mārō hinga ia mate, ka mate i runga i te 8 o Hui-tanguru.

ora i muri mai

Ki te mate o Pita Maria i roto i te whakama. Heoi, roa te reira i te wa poto. I te mate ia i roto i 1727 Catherine ahau, ano hei te rangatira ahua courtly. I te tuatahi i noho ia i roto i St. Petersburg, engari ka oho ki Moscow ofi ange ki nga teina e mahi i roto i te torona Tuatahi. koa Maria te manakohia o Natalia - tuahine o te emepera Pita ahau, a ka meinga te rangatira i muri o Anna Ivanovna i 1830 tana pononga o te honore.

kore Cantemir marenatia. i iti ona whanaunga whānau ki te tiaki hoki tuākana, me te whakawa maha ki tona kōkā-te taua tau. puta te wāhi o te totohe, o te akoranga, riro. I roto i te 1730 i roto a Meri D. i roto i to ratou ake te kāinga Moscow Salon tuhituhi. Ki a ia patipati e te tumuaki-kawana o St Petersburg Fedor Naumov, engari i pai.

tau tata nei

I 1741, i reira i te koroneihana Meri o Elizabeth, e kake te torona i muri i te tukipoto whare. Ko tētahi o nga teina Tiuka, Anatioka, oho ki Paris. puritia ngā Whanaunga mō hītori reta i roto i te hou Kariki me Italian.

I roto i te 1745, tino o Pita riro ahau Ulitkino whenua e tata ana Moscow, te wahi ora ora i whanganga ata. I reira hanga ia he hahi hou, a i roto i tana i pai kī e hiahia ia ki te puta i runga i te pae o te ohu whakapono temepara. mate Maria i runga i Mahuru 9, 1757.