Ko electrically te matūriki iti huānga matū kūpapa: hanganga, hanganga, ngā āhuatanga

Katoa huri noa te ao, i nga wahi hohonu o te whenua, me te ki te wāhi i waho, ngā reira o te tau mure ore o ahanoa, ia o nei he rauemi. Scientists whakapono e kore e taea te huna te mea waihanga ranei, he hoki he mutunga, me te mure ore. Motion Ko tetahi o te mau huru ere e pā ana mea. Ko tenei e kore anake te displacement mokowā o nga tinana ratou, engari huri ano hoki ratou āhua, ngā āhuatanga, me te pera i runga i.

Mahu'inga me tona pūnaha

E whakaaro Space me te wā ki te waiho i te ahua o te ki te faufaa. Ko tētahi o nga kaupapa matua o ona āhuatanga ko te kaha ki te kia kitea i roto i feruriraa o te iwi.

I roto i te pūtaiao e whai ake nei i tenei ra taumata o mea me tona pūnaha:

• matūriki māmā;
• ngota;
• rāpoi ngota;
• mara;
• tinana macroscopic;
• pūnaha arowhenua;
• te ao;
• whetu;
• tupuni;
• pūnaha o ikarangi;
• universes;
• pūnaha universes.

pūnaha katoa rauemi tito o mea ora, arā, te rauropi rerekē nei, pērā etahi, taea ki te whakaputa uri e. He momo o te hanga poraka mo te mea he matūriki timatanga. pea tenei te matūriki iti ko electrically kūpapa huānga matū e kua he ako ngā.

matūriki māmā

matūriki katoa māmā, i te mea tuwhera i te kau, i reira e pā ana ki toru rau. Ki te mea he tiaki te matūriki, i reira me te tīariari te antiparticle. He okotahi Ko te matūriki iti rawa he huānga matū electrically kūpapa.

Kua wehewehea katoa o ratou ki:

• hadrons, e kua whai wāhi i roto i ngā taunekeneke katoa, kua wehea ratou ki baryons (irakarihi me hyperons) me mesons;
• leptons whai wāhi i roto i ngā taunekeneke katoa ki te kahore kaha (i roto i reira he irahiko, neutrinos me muons).

e kore e pūaho anake no ki tetahi o enei rōpū.

hanga te wehenga kei te hāngai i runga i te taunekeneke taketake, e te hunga kaha ranei, he kahakore, hiko, me te tō. Kaha taunekeneke , ko te nui ake (kotahi rau ngā wā) hiko. Whai i roto i te tawhiti tino poto - 10ˉ¹⁵ mita. O te akoranga, te ngoikore hiko nui iti, engari nui atu te maha nga wa tō.

āhuatanga Hanganga me te pūmautanga

Mārama ngā rārangi e whai te matūriki iti he huānga matū electrically kūpapa me ētahi atu matūriki māmā, kahore. Hei tauira, kua mohiotia ai e to ratou he hanganga matatini, e ngā te roa'ee no pera-ka karanga.

Ki te whakaaro tatou ki nga āhuatanga o te wa, whakaatu i nga matūriki ratou kainga iu ranei. I roto i te tuatahi ki te tu pūaho, muon me te irahiko neutrinos, iraoho me ngā irahiko me ratou antiparticles. Ka taea e ētahi atu matūriki timatanga pirau i waenganui i 10³ mō ngā iramoe e te hunga i roto i te āhua noa, ki te 10ˉ²²-10ˉ²⁴ mo aua matūriki huaina resonances.

Irahiko, iraoho me ngā iramoe

matūriki Elementary, e he wahi o nga taonga tinana, ka karanga irahiko, iraoho me ngā iramoe.

E te mua te tiaki kino kainga, me te papatipu 9 * 10ˉ³¹ kirokaramu. He leptons ratou, rite whai wāhi i roto i te katoa ko te taunekeneke kaha. hoki i ngā iraoho āhuatanga pūmau, engari he nui atu e i roto i 1836 ratou papatipu. baryon reira i te karihi o te kanoirite marama o te ngota hauwai. Iramoe te ingoa titau rite - he matūriki kūpapa ki te puranga i runga i te iraoho. Reira hoki baryons. He iu ratou me te whai i te tümanako ora o runga ki te ono meneti. Iraoho me ngā iramoe hanga nga karihi o te ngota.

Ko te hanganga o te ngota

huaina Ko electrically te matūriki iti huānga matū kūpapa te te ngota. I roto i tona pokapū te matua, i te mea tata te papatipu katoa. Kei te pai whakatupato te karihi rite te mea i roto i tona hanganga iraoho me ngā iramoe anake. Ka taea te whakaritea te maha o ngā iraoho i maha o te huānga me te Taka Pūmotu: to ratou tokomaha ōrite te tau rangatū.

Moving irahiko huri noa i te karihi, ko te rite i o te iraoho ki te maha o nei. Ko te matūriki electrically kūpapa iti rawa ahei o foaki irahiko ranei, hei kōrero, ki te tāpiri ratou. Tei runga i tenei ngota riro te tiaki kino pai ranei. E whakaaturia ngā āhuatanga Chemical i runga i te maha o ngā irahiko e taea te whakarite i te matua i tawhiti rerekē, me te neke i roto i āmiotanga rerekē, me tere rerekē, puai rānei.

taea e kore te kauwhata whakahuatia schematic matūriki pūmotu kūpapa. Physicists tenei ra whakaaro te ngota rite te karihi taimaha ki irahiko huri noa i te kapua mārō. E kore e taea ki te whakatau i te wāhi o te irahiko, rite reira he kahore taputapu e tika ana, engari ano hoki e tika ana ki te meka e whakaatu ratou āhuatanga poipoi e rua.

Nā ki rehe aronui, i whakamatauria ai e taea e ake ia hiko matūriki timatanga kūpapa ki te maha ngā rōpū o irahiko e hanga hiko anga porohita, te tau mōrahi o te mea e whitu.

Tahuri ki te taumata hohonu, E faatae mai te irahiko he pūaho - pūaho. Ia irahiko, i roto i era atu mea, tahuri i runga i tona tuaka. Kua te taonga kua karangatia e "miro." Kei te whakapono te reira e tenei auau he tamau, te reira e taea kore i roto i tetahi huringa ara.

he kohinga o ngota

Kia pehea te te electrically ako matūriki kūpapa te ki te awhina o te hihinga. E faatae mai te ngota absorbs rārangi marama ranei. Ko te taea tenei te mea te pūngao e tango uara motuhake hāngai āhua ngota me huringa i roto i ngā whakawhitinga aronui.

He plurality o ngota he tiaki kotahi hoko huānga matū. I teie mahana e mohiotia ai o 107, a 19 i whiwhi tuatahi i te tikanga horihori, a anake ka whakatuwhera i te natura.

Otaota he taimaha taimaha, he iu, a reira Konumerika whai huānga matū whiwhi anake i roto i tauhohe karihi.

A, no te kotahi matūriki he huānga matū electrically kūpapa hono ki te atu (te maha o ngā ngota i te wa ano e taea tāpeke ake ki te rua mano), hanga ana e ia he rāpoi ngota e ko te taonga matūriki iti rawa ki te katoa o ona āhuatanga matū. Ko e te he kaupapa mo tetahi tuhinga.