Karamzin. whakarāpopototanga kōrero Historical: "Mata-Kawana o Wife, te whenua Novagoroda ranei"

Enei nga wa matatini, me te uaua mo Russia, takatakahi nei kua takatakahi ki te aroraa o te ioka Mongol-Tatar. Ko reira e pā ana ki tenei wā, me te korero atu titoa mo tenei whakarāpopototanga hua. "Mata-Kawana o Wife, te whenua Novagoroda ranei" - he pūrākau hītori e whakaahua ana i te tini o te toto tangata harakore maringi puta noa te whenua Russian. Kia kore ai tenei, ka te Prince Grand o Moscow Ivan III ki te whakakotahi i te rangatiratanga Russian, me te kohikohi i raro i tona kara hunga katoa kihai nei i taea e aro ki te ioka kino o te Golden Horde. Heoi, kihai ia ki te whakarongo ki whakapuakina whakakake State Novgorod tona motuhake.

I tua atu ka whakaahua i te reira i roto i atu whakarāpopototanga taipitopito. "Wife Mata-Kawana o" i roto i tona kōrero kei ngā meka e pā ana ki taua i te wa o Novgorod whawhai hoki ratou tūtohinga tawhito me tika, e tetahi wahi i hoatu ki a ratou nga rangatira nui. Hei tauira, ko faaiteraa ratou tau'atāiná te ingoa o Prince Yaroslav.

Karamzin: "Mata-Kawana o Wife", he ihirangi kōrero poto

I kite Novgorod e ka kawea ratou e te riri taua te rota o te pouri, otiia e kore e taea e te patunga tapu tona whakapehapeha. Na karanga pere veche tāone tangata katoa ki te kohikohi i te Square Great tonu.

Iwi i runga i te katoa huakina ana i reira, ohorere e te haruru o tona pohū muffled. huihui te iwi a ui ki te tīmata i te Whare.

huihuia ritenga o nga whare kohatu ma Yaroslav posadniki ki mētara i runga i tona uma, te boyars ki kara, kaumatua ki toki hiriwa, me te tahi atu mau taata e rave rahi.

Na ka pa whakarere, i runga i te Angaanga, ranei, te kore, i runga i Vadimova, te wahi i puta tiketike image mapere Vityazya Vadima te karere - whakawhirinaki he kingi John Prince.

karere

Ko Prince Holm, nei i mahara ki te kauwhau i te noho Novgorod kia rangimarie ratou ngohengohe ki nga titauraa o te Prince Grand o Moscow, a kahore ki te kawea te pakanga ki te toto. korerotia e ia ki a ratou e aroha te iwi anake motuhake mohoao, engari te tangata whakaaro nui - te tikanga e kore e kore autocracy i roto i te whenua e taea te tutuki.

tonu ia e whanau nga taiepa o Novgorod i a ka tohe te autocracy o te whenua Russian. timata pehe'i Rurik konei te mahi whakawa, i te tika, no te mea o tenei Varangian hero o Novgorod timata ki te wehi o te tahi atu mau taata.

ko kupu o te karere rawa ngākau nui, me te riri, karanga ia ki te hinengaro o te iwi, a riria ratou e maka e ratou teina Russian i te aroha o te Horde, a ratou i tenei wa, kia taea hoki a kua karapotia e te papai. Moscow, Kiev, whakahekea Vladimir te toto o ratou kaiwawao. Russian, patu ki te hoari, te whakatau tangata ke, me te Novgorod apo tango ratou i roto i toku ringa, minamina o ratou taonga fakaofoofa, koura, me te hiriwa.

Tino kaha pānga i runga i te iwi ki o ratou mahi tautohe mahi "Mata-Kawana o Wife, te Conquest o Novgorod ranei." atu haere Tuhinga e ako Prince Hoani e pā ana ki te whakatakotoria ana o nga rangatira o Novgorod ki te Duchy hoariri o Lithuania ko Poland, a whakatupato e enei tangata ke i muri ia ratou, no te mea te tupu i nga wa katoa te reira ki te hunga e ta'etokanga titau motuhake i nga tuākana. whakapono ia e taea e koe kore te karo i te wehewehenga o te kāwanatanga Russian, i muri i te raruraru katoa mai ia ki konei. I te mutunga o tona korero, kua Holm kua frontal ka ui te whakahoki ki te iwi, kaua whiriwhiri te rongo whawhai ranei.

reira marfă

Atu atu ngā hata i tona whakarāpopototanga wahi. Wife Mata-Kawana o e oro karanga ata me hanahana tomo te wā o te rino wāhi frontal. I tona mata lau pouri me te kororia. Ia marie timata tona kupu ranga, ka mea e runga i te matau e taea e te kaiwawao o te haere noa, rite ko reira tona papa, a hoatu tana tahu i tona matenga, whawhai hoki tenei pa nui.

whakarongo te iwi ki reira ki te manawa bated. Na tonu ia tona kupu e kore te mea e tika ana ki te kupu i te iwi e kore i whai wāhi ia i roto i pakanga kaiakiri , a ka kotiti ia i te wikitoria Mongol-Tatar, ka hiahia kai kino Batu ki haehae ratou pa. whakamaharatanga reira me matua e mohio e ka mate ratou i roto i te whawhai, engari e kore e meinga hei pononga, a whakakoi rawa a ratou hoari, kahore mamahu. Na Veliky Novgorod ahu, a maha kaihokohoko ke, haere mai ki tona whare, e mea ai te pa taua o ataahua kahore i kite hea atu. Na kahore he mea whakamiharo e te kitenga inaianei Hoani te hanahana katoa me ataahua o Novgorod, e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere tikanga ki a ratou.

A pera ki te rohe noa anaana wahi whakarāpopoto. Wife Mata-Kawana o haere i runga i ki te mea e te rangi e tika, a ki te pei a ratou apo, a kahore o te viivii ore, me te kororia, ka hohoro patua reira ratou haora rangatira whakamutunga, a ka maroke i te mate o te haere noa, me te puna o te taonga, ka whakapouritia te kororia o te pa, a ia ka tahuri ki te ururua pouri. wiri te iwi i roto i te riri, ka karanga "War Hoani! Ka mate tatou no te to tatou fatherland me Freedom! "

hiahia Ambassador Moscow tonu ki te mea te tahi mea, engari ki kahore he painga - e kore te mano i whakarongo a tata wahia ana e ia. Ia ka ki pouri nui o te wairua puaki tona kupu whakatakotoria whakamutunga: "Kia reira kia pakanga!" - a hohoro mahue te pa ki tona tira.

whawhai

Tino ngā whakaahua ana te taka mo te kōrero whawhai "Mata-Kawana o Wife", he ihirangi kōrero poto atu ta e, ka sitepu te pere whakaoho, ka anga te iwi ki te tiki rite ki te tango i te whawhai whakamutunga. Na hohoro tonu a Mata ki te tangata tika kaumatua karakia Theodosius, e, i muri i 70 tau o mahi ki tona whenua ka maunu atu i te arepurepu o te ao i roto i te ngahere mātotoru. Ko ia te tangata e korero ki a ia e pā ana ki te raruraru whawhati tata, engari he taimana Mata. kawea ia ki a ia he taitama tamaiti, Miroslav ka hiahia ki te tiki i te manaaki i te kaumatua ki te whawhai. I muri i taua Mata i roto i te hohoro ki te marena ia ia ki tona tamahine Xenia. I mua i te whawhai, i marenatia ratou, a ka karaunatia te episekopo taitamariki i roto i St. Sophia Cathedral. Na ka Miroslav te rangatira o nga toa Novgorod.

Mata tumanako kore e Pskov tu peka, hei ratou hoa, me te hoatu i tona ope, engari kihai ratou ki te tautoko i te maunu o Novgorod. I maoro ka haere mai te rongo i oho Hoani ki te ope pai ki te pa nui. Whata oho Miroslav ki te whakatau ia ratou.

tumanako

puku whakamataku noho i roto i te pa i roto i te anaanatae, tutakina hahi anake ratou tatau, te toe iwi turi whakatangi pānui moleben. Hoki te wa roa i reira ko kahore he korero. I te ra o te whawhai papau, Mata, ki te wāhi frontal tiketike kite i tetahi kapua o te puehu. Kati ona kanohi, ka mea ia: "mate Miroslav, ko Hoani te toa!"

I roto i ki te pa tetahi hariata kawea te tinana o Miroslav i patua hoia korero o whawhai whakamataku. ko Russian ki te Russian, hiahia nga hoia o ngā taha e rua ki te whakamatau e he ratou Silaví. Ratou mauahara tahi ko te mea kino rawa! mate hoki nga tama tokorua a Mata.

Otiia haere ana te whawhai ki runga ki, Hoani, i roto i te tutukinga tika e kore i taea e hinga i te Knights o Novgorod, ka haere ia i runga i te whakapae roa. timata City ki hemokai timata nga kaiwawao o te haere noa ki te mate.

Ko te kaumatua Theodosius, mahue tona kuwaha, a ka tae ki ano ka te pa Posadnik, engari i muri i te wikitoria ia ia ringa i runga i te mau taviri o te pa ki te kingi ki a Hoani, ka ui ki a ia mo te mahi tohu mo te iwi, te fafau i roto i te hoki e ka mahi enei iwi ki a ia te pono.

tohu

Prince o Moscow whakatau ki te whakarere noa te iwi o Novgorod, engari e kore e mutu te reira whakarāpopototanga. Wife Mata-Kawana o me tana tamahine Xenia kore tonu e tika i tona whiu e wehingia ana. Hoki ratou, ka hohoro hanga he turanga, ki nei whakapehapeha e whakatika Mata me ta ki te iwi i mate i te tangata o Novgorod, ia kua mahi ratou Hoani.

I te wa ano, nekehia te pourewa pere tawhito te ka kawea ia ki Moscow.

I roto i ona ake wahi ahurei o "Vahine Mata-Kawana o, te whenua, o Novgorod ranei." Whakarāpopoto, kāore, e kore e taea e haere i te kāhua tawhito kanapa, me te hā faahiahia, na he reira pai ki te pānui i tenei mahi tino.